EFFECT OF PERFORMANCE SPEED ON THE KINEMATICS AND KINETICS OF TWO TRUNK AND HIP STRENGTHENING EXERCISES

The aim of this work was to study the effect of speed on the sit-up (SU) and leg raising-lowering (LRL) exercise technique. Seventeen subjects volunteered to participate, performing at 3 cadences. Video 3D analysis was conducted and ground reaction forces were record. The anterior-posterior displacement of the centre of pressure (COP) and mean range of motion (ROM) for 6 angles were calculated. Results indicate that when SU speed increases, hip and knee ROM increase, while there is a decrease in the upper trunk flexion. In the LRL there is a decrease in the pelvic tilt and hip angle, and an increase in the knee angle. It seems that in higher speed exercises, subjects modified their technique to keep up with the cadence. Coaches and trainers should control the subjects’ technique during the execution of these high speed exercises

Activació dels músculs del tronc durant situacions que requereixen l’estabilització del raquis. Estudi de cas únic

L’objectiu d’aquest estudi va ser analitzar la intensitat de la contracció i la coordinació de 14 músculs del tronc i del muscle d’un subjecte durant la recepció i el llançament d’una pilota medicinal (acció pliomètrica), una acció d’embranzida en posició dempeus (pressió de pit horitzontal amb politja) i l’ús del Bodyblade® (barra flexible l'oscil·lació de la qual sotmet el cos a vibracions i desequilibris continus). Igualment, amb l'objecte de facilitar la discussió en relació amb l'estabilització activa del raquis, es va registrar la resposta dels músculs esmentats durant l'aplicació controlada sobre el tronc de càrregues i descàrregues desequilibrants. Els nostres resultats indiquen que l'activació dels músculs del tronc és important, tant per a estabilitzar el raquis davant pertorbacions i desequilibris sobtats, com per a l'execució d'accions on els membres superiors manegen objectes. En aquest sentit, la coactivació dels músculs del tronc va ser necessària per estabilitzar el raquis davant les oscil·lacions del Bodyblade® i davant les forces de reacció produïdes en empènyer una càrrega pesada en posició erecta. De la mateixa manera, la recepció i el llançament immediat de la pilota medicinal és una activitat relativament complexa que requereix l'acció coordinada dels músculs del tronc i de les extremitats

Relationship of stearic acid content to total fatin beef carcass

Se determinó la composición en ácidos grasos de grasa subcutáneas, intermusculares y de cavidad y de los lípidos de los músculos psoas mayor y semitendinoso de 37 novillos cruzas entre 383 y 544 kg. de peso vivo y con grados variables de gordura.. Se relacionó la concentración en ácidos esteárico en los diversos tejidos estudiados, con las cantidades de grasa depositada en los diversos lugares anatómicos, así como con sus respectivas contribuciones relativas a la grasa total. Diferencias importantes aparecieron en la composición en ácidos grasos de los lípidos, de depósitos e intramusculares de novillos entre 24-30 meses de edad. Los valores en ácido esteárico (Cl 8:0) oscilaron entre 5,3 a 40 % indicando gran variabilidad en composición. Los niveles de ácido palmitoléico y oléico también fueron muy distintos. Los ácidos mirístico y linoléico presentaron valores más parejos. Las concentraciones de Cl 8 0. estuvieron muy relacionados en los diversos lugares analizados pero con diversos grados de significación estadística. La relación Cl 8 :1 /Cl 8 0 considerada como índice de capacidad de desaturacién fue máxima en grasas subcutáneas y mínima en grasas de cavidad (comparando las grasas intermusculares valores intermedios).The fatty acid composition of the subcutaneous, intermuscular and cavity fats of crossbred steers have been determinated. The fatty acid composition of intramuscular fats of psoas major and semitendinosus muscles also were determinated The stearic acid (C18 0.) content in the different fats varied from 5,3 to 40 O/O and was significantly correlated in the different places studied. The ratio C18 i/C18 0, a reflection of desaturase activity, was higher in subcutaoeous fata as compared with cavity fata lo the intramuscular fat of the semitendinosus muscle was higher than in the psoas mayor. The total dissectable fat was significantly correlated with the C18:0 acid content lo the different place except in subscapular and psoas mayor fats. Subcutaoeous (ar ll-l2th rib), ladney and omental fats stearic acid cootent were highly correlated (r,70 p 0,001) The total lat was related negatively or positively with the relative contribution of the different depots. Intermuscular, cod and brisket fats decrease relatively to total fat but subcutaneous and ltidney fats increase.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Relationship of stearic acid content to total fatin beef carcass

Se determinó la composición en ácidos grasos de grasa subcutáneas, intermusculares y de cavidad y de los lípidos de los músculos psoas mayor y semitendinoso de 37 novillos cruzas entre 383 y 544 kg. de peso vivo y con grados variables de gordura.. Se relacionó la concentración en ácidos esteárico en los diversos tejidos estudiados, con las cantidades de grasa depositada en los diversos lugares anatómicos, así como con sus respectivas contribuciones relativas a la grasa total. Diferencias importantes aparecieron en la composición en ácidos grasos de los lípidos, de depósitos e intramusculares de novillos entre 24-30 meses de edad. Los valores en ácido esteárico (Cl 8:0) oscilaron entre 5,3 a 40 % indicando gran variabilidad en composición. Los niveles de ácido palmitoléico y oléico también fueron muy distintos. Los ácidos mirístico y linoléico presentaron valores más parejos. Las concentraciones de Cl 8 0. estuvieron muy relacionados en los diversos lugares analizados pero con diversos grados de significación estadística. La relación Cl 8 :1 /Cl 8 0 considerada como índice de capacidad de desaturacién fue máxima en grasas subcutáneas y mínima en grasas de cavidad (comparando las grasas intermusculares valores intermedios).The fatty acid composition of the subcutaneous, intermuscular and cavity fats of crossbred steers have been determinated. The fatty acid composition of intramuscular fats of psoas major and semitendinosus muscles also were determinated The stearic acid (C18 0.) content in the different fats varied from 5,3 to 40 O/O and was significantly correlated in the different places studied. The ratio C18 i/C18 0, a reflection of desaturase activity, was higher in subcutaoeous fata as compared with cavity fata lo the intramuscular fat of the semitendinosus muscle was higher than in the psoas mayor. The total dissectable fat was significantly correlated with the C18:0 acid content lo the different place except in subscapular and psoas mayor fats. Subcutaoeous (ar ll-l2th rib), ladney and omental fats stearic acid cootent were highly correlated (r,70 p 0,001) The total lat was related negatively or positively with the relative contribution of the different depots. Intermuscular, cod and brisket fats decrease relatively to total fat but subcutaneous and ltidney fats increase.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Jocs motors Una alternativa per enfortir els músculs de l’abdomen

L’objectiu de l’estudi va ser comparar l’amplitud de l’electromiografia (EMG) i la forma en què van ser coactivats els músculs abdominals durant l’execució de l’exercici d’encorbament del tronc i dos jocs motors tradicionals: el carretó i l’hula-hop. Per fer-ho, es va enregistrar l’EMG dels músculs recte, oblic extern i oblic intern de l’abdomen, durant l’execució de cada una de les tasques. A l’estudi hi van participar nou voluntaris sans, sense antecedents de cirurgia abdominal, lesions raquídies o síndrome de dolor lumbar. L’amplitud de l’EMG va ser amitjanada i normalitzada respecte a la contracció voluntària màxima. Es va realitzar un ANOVA de dos factors (múscul/tasca) i un post hoc Tukey per examinar les diferències en l’activitat elèctrica de cada múscul entre les tasques i en cada tasca entre els músculs. Els jocs analitzats van produir nivells d’activitat elèctrica superiors als generats per l’encorbament del tronc, i en conseqüència, han de ser considerats com un complement o una alternativa als exercicis d’enfortiment abdominal. El carretó va generar un important nivell de coactivació abdominal, encara que va activar principalment l’oblic extern de l’abdomen. A l’hula-hop, les diferències entre els músculs no van ser estadísticament significatives

Depression symptoms and mortality in elderly peruvian navy veterans: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract: Our study was design to determine the association between depressive symptoms and mortality in adults over 60 years old Navy Peruvian Veterans. We performed a retrospective cohort study based on a previous cohort study. A total of 1681 patients over 60 years old were included between 2010–2015. Demographic information, self-reported information about falls, physical frailty assessment, tobacco consumption, hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and was collected. Depression was assessed by the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale. We found that depressive symptoms were present in 24.9% of the participants and 40.5% of them died. Mortality risk in patients with depressive symptoms, physical frailty, and male sex was: RR of 23.1 (95% CI: 11.7–45.7), 3.84 (95% CI: 2.16–6.82), and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.07–1.75) respectively. We concluded that depressive symptoms in Peruvian retired military personnel and their immediate relatives are high and are significatively associated with mortality. Also, being male and frail was associated with an increased risk of death. This reinforces that early detection and assessment of depressive symptoms could be an opportunity to improve the health status of older adults

Consecutive renal biopsy in a cohort of patients with lupus nephritis of the Colombian Caribbean

Background: Renal biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis (LN). However, a consecutive biopsy can predict the clinical course and optimize the therapeutic strategies. Objectives: To compare the histopathological findings with clinical responses. Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with active LN were included. Renal biopsies were performed at the time of diagnosis and subsequently under clinical criteria according to consensus of Spanish Society of Nephrology. The response to treatment was defined as complete response, partial responder or non-responder. The histological change in second biopsy towards LN classes I, II or III/IV-C was defined as histological response (HR). Results: In initial renal biopsy, 28 (93%) patients showed proliferative LN; III-A or A/C (n; 7), IV-A or A/C (n: 19) and mixed; III+IV/V (n; 2). LN class V was presented in two cases. The clinical response was; complete response (10%), partial response (20%), and non-response (70%). HR was manifested in 37% and non-histologic response in 63% of patients. Around 33% of patients with complete response/partial response showed active lesions in the consecutive renal biopsy. Conclusions: In Colombian Caribbean, LN is aggressive and refractory to treatment. The consecutive renal biopsy allowed to demonstrate the persistence of the activity of the lesion in almost half of the patients, which may provide additional information to create better response criteria. The consecutive renal biopsy is a tool that allows improving the evaluation of the response to treatment in the LN

Crosstalk between HIV and hepatitis C virus during co-infection

An estimated one-third of individuals positive for HIV are also infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Chronic infection with HCV can lead to serious liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver-related disease is among the leading causes of death in patients with HIV, and individuals with HIV and HCV co-infection are found to progress more rapidly to serious liver disease than mono-infected individuals. The mechanism by which HIV affects HCV infection in the absence of immunosuppression by HIV is currently unknown. In a recent article published in BMC Immunology, Qu et al. demonstrated that HIV tat is capable of inducing IP-10 expression. Further, they were able to show that HIV tat, when added to cells, was able to enhance the replication of HCV. Importantly, the increase in HCV replication by tat was found to be dependent on IP-10. This work has important implications for understanding the effect HIV has on the outcome of HCV infection in co-infected individuals. The findings of Qu et al. may inform the design of intervention and treatment strategies for co-infected individuals

Study of Leading Hadrons in Gluon and Quark Fragmentation

The study of quark jets in e+e- reactions at LEP has demonstrated that the hadronisation process is reproduced well by the Lund string model. However, our understanding of gluon fragmentation is less complete. In this study enriched quark and gluon jet samples of different purities are selected in three-jet events from hadronic decays of the Z collected by the DELPHI experiment in the LEP runs during 1994 and 1995. The leading systems of the two kinds of jets are defined by requiring a rapidity gap and their sum of charges is studied. An excess of leading systems with total charge zero is found for gluon jets in all cases, when compared to Monte Carlo Simulations with JETSET (with and without Bose-Einstein correlations included) and ARIADNE. The corresponding leading systems of quark jets do not exhibit such an excess. The influence of the gap size and of the gluon purity on the effect is studied and a concentration of the excess of neutral leading systems at low invariant masses (<~ 2 GeV/c^2) is observed, indicating that gluon jets might have an additional hitherto undetected fragmentation mode via a two-gluon system. This could be an indication of a possible production of gluonic states as predicted by QCD.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by Phys. Lett.

Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009 and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3% for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table, submitted to European Physical Journal