TERAPIA GRUPAL DE ACTIVACIÓN CONDUCTUAL EN PACIENTES DE UN CENTRO DE INTERVENCIÓN COMUNITARIO DE LIMA, PERÚ

Activación Conductual (AC) es un tratamiento que ha demostrado alta eficacia en el trastorno depresivo mayor y en el manejo de sus síntomas. Ante ello, el objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar qué tan eficaz es AC en participantes con síntomas depresivos en un centro de intervención comunitario de Lima, Perú. Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, divididos en grupo experimental (n=19), y grupo control (n=17). Se evaluaron síntomas depresivos/depresión (BDI-IIA), niveles de activación y evitación (BADS), y niveles de refuerzo positivo contingente (EROS) a través de diversos instrumentos psicométricos. Al aplicarse el programa, se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los procesos evaluados del grupo experimental (depresión, Z=-3.79, p<.001; activación, Z=-3.71, p<.001; evitación, Z=-3.49, p<.001; refuerzo positivo contingente, Z=-3.63, p<.001), mas no en el grupo control. Se comparó los puntajes obtenidos en fase pos-test de ambos grupos, obteniéndose diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todas las variables (depresión, Z=-3.24, p<.001; activación, Z=-4.01, p<.001; evitación, Z=-3.50, p<.001; refuerzo positivo contingente, Z=-2.68, p<.01) y presentándose mayores cambios en el grupo experimental. Todas las diferencias estadísticamente significativas obtuvieron un tamaño del efecto grande

Venezuelan Forced Migration to Peru During Sociopolitical Crisis: an Analysis of Perceived Social Support and Emotion Regulation Strategies

While many studies have examined the impact of forced migration on Venezuelan migrants in Latin America, to date scholars have not examined the effect of certain coping mechanisms, namely social support and emotion regulation. Using data from 386 Venezuelan migrants living in Peru (M = 20.22 years, SD = 1.33, 46.4% women), we investigated whether perceived social support from three different sources (family, friends, and significant other) correlated with emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and suppression) while controlling for the type of cohabitation and time of residence. The results (1) confirmed the originally proposed internal structure of the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, showing reliability and validity even in a sample of migrants. Findings demonstrated that (2) perceived social support from family positively predicted cognitive reappraisal strategy when including friends and significant other as covariates; (3) Venezuelans who have resided longer in Peru compared to more recent migrants used cognitive reappraisal strategy at a higher rate despite perceiving low family social support; (4) Venezuelans who resided in Peru for a longer period of time reported higher suppression strategy use when having low significant other support; and (5) there were gender differences regarding cognitive reappraisal as a dependent variable. More specifically, in men, family was a better predictor than friend or significant other support, while among women, family and significant other had the biggest impact. These results demonstrate the importance of social support elements and time of residence on the healthy management of emotions under difficult circumstances, such as forced migration

Venezuelan Forced Migration to Peru During Sociopolitical Crisis: an Analysis of Perceived Social Support and Emotion Regulation Strategies

Indexado en ScopusWhile many studies have examined the impact of forced migration on Venezuelan migrants in Latin America, to date scholars have not examined the efect of certain coping mechanisms, namely social support and emotion regulation. Using data from 386 Venezuelan migrants living in Peru (M=20.22 years, SD=1.33, 46.4% women), we investigated whether perceived social support from three diferent sources (family, friends, and signifcant other) correlated with emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and suppression) while controlling for the type of cohabitation and time of residence. The results (1) confrmed the originally proposed internal structure of the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, showing reliability and validity even in a sample of migrants. Findings demonstrated that (2) perceived social support from family positively predicted cognitive reappraisal strategy when including friends and signifcant other as covariates; (3) Venezuelans who have resided longer in Peru compared to more recent migrants used cognitive reappraisal strategy at a higher rate despite perceiving low family social support; (4) Venezuelans who resided in Peru for a longer period of time reported higher suppression strategy use when having low signifcant other support; and (5) there were gender diferences regarding cognitive reappraisal as a dependent variable. More specifcally, in men, family was a better predictor than friend or signifcant other support, while among women, family and signifcant other had the biggest impact. These results demonstrate the importance of social support elements and time of residence on the healthy management of emotions under difcult circumstances, such as forced migration.Revisión por pare

Un estudio preliminar de propiedades psicométricas y diferencias de género de la escala de ambiente invalidante infantil (ICES) en adultos peruanos

Invalidating contexts in child and adolescent stages are environments that promote difficulties in regulating emotions in the person’s future. The Invalidating Child Environment Scale (ICES) is a tool that allows the identification of indicators associated with experiences of emotional invalidation on the part of both parents. This research aimed to adapt and identify the psychometric properties of the ICES scale in Peruvian adults. A preliminary study of instrumental design was developed, with the participation of 200 people who presented biparental (mother and father) upbringing as the main inclusion criterion. Validity evidence linked to the content was obtained through the review of 10 expert judges and statistically significant Aiken's V coefficients. The exploratory factor analysis determined a latent structure of two factors for the ICES test. Evidence of convergent and divergent validity was estimated through correlations with the scores of a test that assesses emotion regulation processes. Significant Omega internal consistency coefficients were obtained for each dimension of the test. Finally, percentile norms were developed for assessment purposes. It is concluded that ICES is an instrument that has psychometric properties in accordance with current standards of validation and psychometric adaptation.Los contextos invalidantes en etapas infanto-juveniles son entornos promotores de dificultades en la regulación de emociones a futuro en el individuo. La Escala de Ambiente Invalidante Infantil (ICES) es una herramienta que permite la identificación de indicadores asociados a experiencias de invalidación emocional de parte de ambos padres. El presente estudió buscó adaptar y conocer las propiedades psicométricas de la escala ICES en adultos peruanos. Se desarrolló un estudio preliminar de diseño instrumental, con la participación de 200 participantes que presentaron como principal criterio de inclusión una crianza biparental (madre y padre). Evidencias de validez vinculadas al contenido fueron obtenidas mediante la revisión de 10 jueces expertos y coeficientes V de Aiken estadísticamente significativos. El análisis factorial exploratorio determinó una estructura latente de dos factores para la prueba ICES.  Evidencias de validez convergente y divergente se estimaron a través de correlaciones con los puntajes de una prueba que evalúa procesos de regulación emocional. Coeficientes significativos  de consistencia interna Omega fueron obtenidos para cada dimensión de la prueba. Finalmente, baremos percentilares fueron desarrollados para objetivos evaluativos. Se concluye que ICES es un instrumento que consta con propiedades psicométricas, los cuales van acorde a los estándares actuales de validación y adaptación psicométrica.&nbsp

Estructura Factorial de la Escala de Riesgo de Violencia de Plutchik (ERVP): Propiedades psicométricas y diferencias en función a variables sociodemográficas en universitarios limeños

Ante el incremento de los niveles de violencia ciudadana, resulta relevante adaptar instrumentos para identificar factores de riesgo en población juvenil. Por ello, el objetivo fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Riesgo de Violencia de Plutchik (ERVP). Se realizó una adaptación lingüística de la versión española de la ERVP, ajustándola a la terminología local. Dicha adaptación fue examinada por ocho jueces. Se administró a 1052 universitarios limeños, entre los 16 y 37 años de edad. La unidimensionalidad permitió aplicar un modelo Rasch de Escala de Valoración de Andrich, considerando el funcionamiento diferencial de tres ítems en función al sexo. La confiabilidad se obtuvo a través del coeficiente omega, cuyo valor es de .70, 95% IC [.63, .77]. La ERVP cuenta con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y es una buena alternativa para el tamizaje del riesgo de violencia en poblaciones similares.Based on the current increase in levels of citizen violence, it is relevant to standardize instruments for identifying crime-related risk factors in youth population. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the psychometric properties of Plutchik's Violence Risk Scale (PVRS). The PVRS Spanish version was linguistically adapted to local terminology, and subsequently examined by eight judges. It was administered to 1052 university students from Lima, who ranged from 16 to 37 years old. The exploratory factor analysis showed a single-factor structure, which differs from the three-factor Spanish version. It was applied the Rasch model of Andrich's Rating Scale because of its unidimensionality, identifying sex differential functioning of three items. Reliability was obtained through coefficient omega, whose value was.70; 95% CI [.63,.77]. In conclusion, the PVRS has suitable psychometric properties and appears to be a good alternative to screen the risk of violence in populations similar to the one studied

El proceso del duelo: una revisión teórica bajo los fundamentos de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT)

The phenomenon of bereavement has been characterised as having a primarily cognitive conceptualisation. It has been identified that these interventions often generate negative consequences that further harm the clients. From the framework of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), we explain why this happens and provide an intervention proposal based on learning principles, which are called experiential avoidance and orientation towards personal values, in order to obtain more convenient procedures for the well-being of the individual. Therefore, through ACT, the aim is to establish a change based on acceptance and decision making based on valuable aspects of the patient’s life, so that he or she is more willing to face difficult events.El fenómeno del duelo ha sido caracterizado por tener una conceptualización primordialmente de corte cognitivo. Se ha identificado que estas intervenciones suelen generar consecuencias negativas, perjudicando aún más a los consultantes. Desde el marco de referencia de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT), se explica el porqué de este suceso, además de que proporciona una propuesta de intervención fundamentada en principios de aprendizaje, los cuales se denominan evitación experiencial y orientación hacia los valores personales, a fin de obtener procedimientos más convenientes al bienestar del individuo. En función a estos conceptos, el objetivo de este artículo consiste en describir el proceso del duelo, su relación con la evitación experiencial y la intervención desde la ACT. Se identificó que cuando se evitan cogniciones, emociones y situaciones que hacen referencia a la pérdida, hay un alivio a corto plazo. Sin embargo, a largo plazo se mantiene el sufrimiento y las respuestas evitativas, por lo que no se generan ni la aceptación, ni los cambios significativos en el comportamiento. Por este motivo, la ACT busca instaurar un cambio a través de la aceptación y la toma de decisiones basadas en los valores personales del consultante, promoviendo una mayor disposición frente a eventos difíciles

Joint Observation of the Galactic Center with MAGIC and CTA-LST-1

MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), designed to detect very-high-energy gamma rays, and is operating in stereoscopic mode since 2009 at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos in La Palma, Spain. In 2018, the prototype IACT of the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, was inaugurated at the same site, at a distance of approximately 100 meters from the MAGIC telescopes. Using joint observations between MAGIC and LST-1, we developed a dedicated analysis pipeline and established the threefold telescope system via software, achieving the highest sensitivity in the northern hemisphere. Based on this enhanced performance, MAGIC and LST-1 have been jointly and regularly observing the Galactic Center, a region of paramount importance and complexity for IACTs. In particular, the gamma-ray emission from the dynamical center of the Milky Way is under debate. Although previous measurements suggested that a supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* plays a primary role, its radiation mechanism remains unclear, mainly due to limited angular resolution and sensitivity. The enhanced sensitivity in our novel approach is thus expected to provide new insights into the question. We here present the current status of the data analysis for the Galactic Center joint MAGIC and LST-1 observations

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements