Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched, as an international collaboration hosted by CERN. This study covers a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee) and an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), which could, successively, be installed in the same 100 km tunnel. The scientific capabilities of the integrated FCC programme would serve the worldwide community throughout the 21st century. The FCC study also investigates an LHC energy upgrade, using FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the second volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the electron-positron collider FCC-ee. After summarizing the physics discovery opportunities, it presents the accelerator design, performance reach, a staged operation scenario, the underlying technologies, civil engineering, technical infrastructure, and an implementation plan. FCC-ee can be built with today’s technology. Most of the FCC-ee infrastructure could be reused for FCC-hh. Combining concepts from past and present lepton colliders and adding a few novel elements, the FCC-ee design promises outstandingly high luminosity. This will make the FCC-ee a unique precision instrument to study the heaviest known particles (Z, W and H bosons and the top quark), offering great direct and indirect sensitivity to new physics

FCC Physics Opportunities: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 1

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics

Onset of chronic myeloid leukemia with complex karyotype in a pregnant patient: case report and revision of literature

Nicola Sgherza,1 Elisabetta Abruzzese,2 Gianni Perla,1 Maria Marta Minervini,1 Vincenzo Chiello,1 Natale Sciannamè,3 Nicola Cascavilla1 1Hematology, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 2Hematology, Sant’Eugenio Hospital, Roma, 3Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy Abstract: Approximately 10%–12% of patients in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) have additional chromosomal aberrations at diagnosis; moreover, CML occurs in up to 10% of pregnancy-associated leukemias, with an annual incidence of 1 per 100,000 pregnancies. In this report we describe the case of a 36-year-old female with CP-CML diagnosed in the 18th week of pregnancy and with a new complex variant translocation t(4;9;22;21)(q24;q34;q11;q22) and an additional chromosomal aberration t(1;20)(p36;p11). In consideration of her pregnancy, the patient strictly monitored her blood cell count without any specific treatment. At 32 weeks of pregnancy, the patient delivered via cesarean section a healthy baby girl. After 10 days from childbirth, dasatinib was started at a standard dosage of 100 mg/day and 3 months later complete cytogenetic response and major molecular response were obtained, with the achievement of an optimal response according to European Leukemia Net recommendations and showing efficacy of this tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in the presence of a complex karyotype. Keywords: chronic myeloid leukemia, complex karyotype, pregnancy, additional chromosomal aberration, variant translocation, tyrosine kinase inhibito