Interpersonal Agreement and Disagreement During Face-to-Face Dialogue: An fNIRS Investigation

Although the neural systems that underlie spoken language are well-known, how they adapt to evolving social cues during natural conversations remains an unanswered question. In this work we investigate the neural correlates of face-to-face conversations between two individuals using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and acoustical analyses of concurrent audio recordings. Nineteen pairs of healthy adults engaged in live discussions on two controversial topics where their opinions were either in agreement or disagreement. Participants were matched according to their a priori opinions on these topics as assessed by questionnaire. Acoustic measures of the recorded speech including the fundamental frequency range, median fundamental frequency, syllable rate, and acoustic energy were elevated during disagreement relative to agreement. Consistent with both the a priori opinion ratings and the acoustic findings, neural activity associated with long-range functional networks, rather than the canonical language areas, was also differentiated by the two conditions. Specifically, the frontoparietal system including bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, left supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus showed increased activity while talking during disagreement. In contrast, talking during agreement was characterized by increased activity in a social and attention network including right supramarginal gyrus, bilateral frontal eye-fields, and left frontopolar regions. Further, these social and visual attention networks were more synchronous across brains during agreement than disagreement. Rather than localized modulation of the canonical language system, these findings are most consistent with a model of distributed and adaptive language-related processes including cross-brain neural coupling that serves dynamic verbal exchanges

Evaluation of the New Lateral Flow Card MDmulticard® Basic Extended Phenotype in Routine Clinical Practice

Background: Transfusion emergencies and critical situations require specifically designed devices to simplify and optimize the standard procedures. In addition, matching antigens over and above ABO-Rh-K would be beneficial. Methods: Routine blood samples were collected in four immunohematology centers and tested with the new MDmulticard Basic Extended Phenotype for the simultaneous detection of the Duffy, Kidd, and Ss antigens, according to the principle of the lateral flow. Results were compared with those obtained using routine serology methods. Discrepancies were analyzed by molecular techniques/genotyping. Results: 310 samples were tested (167 donors; 75 patients; 28 subjects with positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT); 15 newborns; 25 previously transfused patients). The 285 samples with non-mixed-field reaction yielded 1,710 antigen results with 8 discrepancies (0.47%) six of which in DAT-positive subjects: three false-positive (Fy(a)) for MDmulticard, and two false-positive (Fy(a)) plus three false-negative (Fy(b)) for the reference methods (MDmulticard PPA for donors/patients/newborns: 99.82%; negative percent agreement: 100%; sensitivity: 100%; specificity: 99.39%, positive predictive value: 99.75%; negative predictive value: 100%). The MDmulticard detected mixed-field in 15 antigen reactions from 13 transfused patients, undetected by the comparative method, with the opposite result in 8 antigens (5 patients). Conclusion: The MDmulticard Basic Extended Phenotype met the criteria prescribed for the testing of donor, patient, DAT-positive, and newborn samples in transfusion laboratory routine

Les études écologiques du site de la centrale de Gravelines

Ecological studies on the place of the nuclear plant in Gravelines-Dunkerque Long ecological studies are being conducted before any construction of nuclear plant. The sample of Gravelines central shows that a shore central is preferable to a continental one. However the actual state of our océanographie knowledge does not allow us to know with precision and durably all the risks of such a choice.De longues études écologiques sont actuellement menées avant toute construction de centrale nucléaire. L'exemple de la centrale de Gravelines nous montre qu'en ce domaine une implantation littorale est préférable à une implantation continentale. Cependant l'état présent de nos connaissances en océanographie ne nous permet pas encore de connaître avec précision, et à long terme, tous les risques d'un tel choix.Manteau Dominique. Les études écologiques du site de la centrale de Gravelines. In: Revue de géographie de Lyon, vol. 53, n°4, 1978. pp. 295-312

Un aspect du gigantisme industriel : le problème des travailleurs de chantiers à Dunkerque

Cette contribution à l'étude d'un milieu professionnel particulier, celui des travailleurs de chantier, résulte d'enquêtes effectuées sur le site de la centrale nucléaire de Gravelines implantée entre Calais et Dunkerque. Il apparaît que les horaires de travail et l'installation des travailleurs en caravane, ne favorisent pas l'insertion des travailleurs dans le milieu local. Leur arrivée massive modifie profondément la structure des commerces de détail dans les petites villes proches. Elle a des conséquences brutales sur les équipements sociaux et scolaires.Manteau Dominique. Un aspect du gigantisme industriel : le problème des travailleurs de chantiers à Dunkerque. In: Revue de géographie de Lyon, vol. 53, n°2, 1978. pp. 127-138

Factors affecting materials control on building sites

SIGLELD:D46134/83 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Étude des processus et pratiques de management des connaissances en entreprise à turnover important

Administration des Entreprises Alsace Tec