Acceleration of phenological advance and warming with latitude over the past century.

In the Northern Hemisphere, springtime events are frequently reported as advancing more rapidly at higher latitudes, presumably due to an acceleration of warming with latitude. However, this assumption has not been investigated in an analytical framework that simultaneously examines acceleration of warming with latitude while accounting for variation in phenological time series characteristics that might also co-vary with latitude. We analyzed 743 phenological trend estimates spanning 86 years and 42.6 degrees of latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, as well as rates of Northern Hemisphere warming over the same period and latitudinal range. We detected significant patterns of co-variation in phenological time series characteristics that may confound estimates of the magnitude of variation in trends with latitude. Notably, shorter and more recent time series tended to produce the strongest phenological trends, and these also tended to be from higher latitude studies. However, accounting for such variation only slightly modified the relationship between rates of phenological advance and latitude, which was highly significant. Furthermore, warming has increased non-linearly with latitude over the past several decades, most strongly since 1998 and northward of 59°N latitude. The acceleration of warming with latitude has likely contributed to an acceleration of phenological advance along the same gradient

Validity and Reliability of Devices Measuring Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance

The counter-movement jump (CMJ) test is a standard measure of lower body power and can be related to other aspects of athletic performance. With many tools commercially available, it can be difficult for professionals to distinguish which device provides the most accurate results for the best cost. While these devices have been previously validated individually, no past studies have concurrently examined these specific tools. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of four different CMJ measuring devices when compared to the gold standard of a force plate. Thirty-one physically active university students were recruited for this study. Upon completion of a short dynamic warm-up and instruction on proper jumping technique, each participant performed four maximal CMJs on the force plate. They then performed an additional four maximal CMJs in an area where four other instruments were used to measure CMJ simultaneously: accelerometer-based sensor, a contact mat, a photoelectrical cell system, and a mobile device video app. Analysis of the data was conducted, and results showed that while slightly overestimating measurements, the commercial devices that seem to agree the closest to the gold standard force plate were the contact mat and accelerometer-based sensor

PARTICIPATION OF DENDRITIC CELLS IN VASCULAR LESIONS OF CHRONIC REJECTION OF HUMAN ALLOGRAFTS

Immunohistochemical techniques were used to investigate the pathogenesis of obliterative arteriopathy, a major obstacle to long-term solid organ allograft survival. T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and proliferating smooth muscle cells made up most of the thickened intima. More importantly, S100-protein-positive dendritic cells were also present in the intima, especially during active inflammation and smooth muscle cell proliferation. These are phenotypic characteristics of tissue "dendritic" cells, pivotal accessory cells in T-dependent immune reactions. Their localisation in the arterial wall signals the presence of an ongoing immunological reaction directed at native constituents of the artery or at exogenous antigens which permeate the damaged vessel wall. © 1988

Reframing the Paradigms of Inner Bodies

Awareness of our environments both external and internal are in continuous flux and highly mediated by technologies we have created. The research project we shall discuss is situated at the pivotal point of reframing our perception and consciousness in the context of the current in silico culture. More to the point, we shall refer to inroads into the bi-modal computer-generated simulations of blood flow patterns, in the pathological situation of a brain aneurysm, leading not only to the understanding of the phenomenon but also to the optimal communication of its complexity. This new approach, removed from both in vivo as well as in vitro, brings together visual and sound artists, computer engineers, designers and cognitive scientists with the essential goal of restructuring and re-configuring our understanding of self. This being said, the need to create ways that allow remodeling and reframing our perceptions through easily interactive tools that are also increasingly autonomous is at the core of the research we shall be presenting. Through novel approaches and complex technological mediation, the accompanying conscious experiences co-evolve and develop in complexity. The aim is for this project to serve as an example and starting point for stimulating debate

"Paideía" reformista, "agogé" espartana y la práctica del placer y del dolor en las "Leyes" de Platón

El propósito de este trabajo consiste en poner de manifiesto la crítica al modelo de la "agogé" espartana que Platón desarrolla en el libro I de las "Leyes". Aquí Platón hace que su personaje lacedemonio, Megilo, describa algunas prácticas educativas que luego serán objetadas y excluidas de los lineamientos pedagógicos para la pequeña colonia de Magnesia. En particular, serán el uso arbitrario del castigo y la mala educación del placer y del dolor los aspectos más fuertemente criticados por el ateniense, protagonista del diálogo y vocero de la nueva propuesta educativa, la paideía “reformista”. A los fines de profundizar la confrontación entre ambos modelos, el análisis del texto contempla asimismo los testimonios transmitidos por Jenofonte en "La República" de los "Lacedemonios" y por Plutarco en sus "Vidas Paralelas".The aim of this paper is to reveal the criticism of the Spartan “agogé” model that Plato develops in the first book of the “Laws”. In this book Plato makes Megillus, the Lacedaemonian character, describe some educative practices, which will be objected and excluded from the pedagogical proposal for the little colony Magnesia. In particular, the arbitrary use of punishment and wrong education of pleasure and pain are the aspects most criticized by the Athenian, the main character and ideologist of the new educative proposal: the “reformist” paideía. In order to delve deeply into the comparison of both models, the analysis of the text also considers the testimonies found in Xenophon’s “Constitution of the Lacedaemonians” and Plutarch’s “Parallel Lives”

Dendritic Cell and Immune Tolerence

Introduction ot Dendritic Cells: Dendritic cell and immune tolerencehttps://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/introduction-dendritic-cells/1000/thumbnail.jp