Valores de referência de alguns elementos-traço em solos intemperizados da região Norte brasileira

Solos formados a partir de sedimentos do Grupo Barreiras apresentam, em geral, baixos teores de ferro, mineralogia caulinítica, elevadas quantidades de quartzo na fração areia e pequena quantidade de carbono orgânico. Determinaram-se os teores de Cd, Co, Cr, Ni e Zn extraídos com água régia, em bloco digestor, em Argissolos Amarelos e Latossolos Amarelos sob vegetação natural do Pará e Amapá. Regressão linear múltipla foi utilizada para correlacionar os parâmetros de solo e os teores desses metais. Melhores correlações foram obtidas entre Fe, Mn, argila, silte e Cd, Co, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni. Não foi encontrada correlação entre o pH e os teores de metais. Argila e areia apresentaram correlação inversa com os metais, porém de mesma magnitude, sendo necessária a exclusão de uma delas no modelo de regressão. Em geral, os teores dos elementos estudados foram inferiores aos encontrados em solos formados a partir de outros materiais de origem. O Mn foi incluído no modelo de regressão linear múltipla do Cd e Co, em função de sua associação com esses metais. O silte foi significativo nas equações para Cr e Co, o que pode ser devido à presença de minerais de argila e óxidos de Fe e Mn em agregados ferruginosos e argilosos de tamanho silte. Estas equações podem ser úteis quando se deseja conhecer, em termos gerais, quais as quantidades que determinada amostra teria se o solo em questão não estivesse contaminado ou sujeito a uso antrópico, podendo ser utilizadas na avaliação da contaminação do solo por estes metais.Soils formed from the Barreiras Group sediments, located mainly along the coast of Brazil Northern and Northeastern regions, generally present low concentrations of iron oxides and total organic carbon, high quantities of quartz in the sand fraction, and kaolinitic clay mineralogy. The objective of the present study was to quantify the pseudo total concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn and Fe in Xhantic Udox and Xhantic Udult soils derived from these sediments. The reference sites were covered by native vegetation and located in the States of Pará and Amapá, Brazil. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to determine correlations between soil parameters and the levels of these metals. The best correlation was obtained between Fe, Mn, clay, and silt contents, and Cd, Co, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni. A correlation between pH and these metal levels was not found. Clay and sand contents showed a negative inverse correlation with the metal levels,of same magnitude but with a different sign; this was the reason for excluding one of the parameters in the regression model. In general, the contents of the elements were lower than those found in soils formed from other parent materials. The Mn content was included in the model of multiple linear regression for Cd and Co, due to its association with these last metals. Silt level showed to have a significant influence in the equations for Cr and Co, which is attributed to the presence of clay minerals and Fe and Mn oxides in ferruginous and clay aggregates of silt size. The equations obtained in this paper, are useful to predict, in general terms, the amounts of those heavy metals in an unknown soil sample, if the soil material were not contaminated or affected by land usage. Thus, they may be applied to evaluate soil contamination by the studied heavy metals

SOIL ATTRIBUTES AND RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM AREAS IN SOUTHWESTERN AMAZON

Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) t\ueam sido propostos para aliar a preserva\ue7\ue3o das florestas a modelos agr\uedcolas sustent\ue1veis. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar atributos ed\ue1ficos e correlacion\ue1-los com a resist\ueancia mec\ue2nica do solo \ue0 penetra\ue7\ue3o (RMSP) de tr\ueas classes de solo na Amaz\uf4nia Ocidental, em \ue1reas de SAFs do projeto Reflorestamento Econ\uf4mico Consorciado e Adensado (RECA), em Rond\uf4nia. Foram selecionadas 14 \ue1reas de SAF com 20 anos de implanta\ue7\ue3o e composi\ue7\ue3o, estrutura e espa\ue7amento entre \ue1rvores semelhantes, al\ue9m de duas \ue1reas de refer\ueancia, com cobertura de mata e pastagem. Al\ue9m das avalia\ue7\uf5es de atributos dos solos, foram realizados testes para medir a RMSP e determinado o estoque de C no solo at\ue9 um metro. Os perfis de solo foram classificados como Latossolos, Argissolos e Cambissolos, todos com argila de baixa atividade e reduzidos estoques de nutrientes, car\ue1ter distr\uf3fico e \ue0s vezes alum\uednico. Nas \ue1reas de SAF, os valores de RMSP variaram de 0,96 a 4,59 MPa, sem restri\ue7\uf5es ao sistema radicular em superf\uedcie, por\ue9m, aumentando em profundidade. Em geral, os Latossolos mostraram menores valores de RMSP que os Cambissolos e Argissolos, e os valores mais altos ocorreram na \ue1rea de refer\ueancia com pastagem. Os estoques de C variaram de 45,19 a 126,04 Mg C ha-1, e metade das \ue1reas de SAF apresentaram valores pr\uf3ximos ou at\ue9 superiores aos da \ue1rea de mata. A an\ue1lise de componentes principais mostrou uma distin\ue7\ue3o entre os Cambissolos e as demais classes de solos. Os principais atributos que diferenciaram as \ue1reas foram o teor de Al, pH e a granulometria.Agroforestry systems (AFS) have been proposed to combine the forest preservation with sustainable agricultural models. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil attributes and to correlate them with soil mechanical resistance to penetration (SMRP) of three soil classes in southwestern Amazon, in AFS areas of the project RECA, in Rond\uf4nia state. Were selected 14 areas of AFS with 20 years and similar composition, structure and tree spacing, plus two reference areas, with pasture and forest. Besides soil attributes, SMRP and soil C stock up to one meter depth were measured. Soils were classified as Oxisols, Ultisols, and Inceptisols, all with low activity clays and low nutrient levels, dystrophic character and some with very high aluminum. In the AFS areas, the SMRP values varied from 0.96 to 4.59 MPa, without restriction to plant root system in the surface, but increasing with soil depth. In general, the Oxisols showed lower values of SMRP than the Inceptisols and Ultisols, and the highest values were in the pasture reference area. The carbon stock varied from 45.19 to 126.04 Mg C ha-1, and half of the AFS areas showed values near or even higher than the C stocks in the forest reference area. The principal component analyses showed a distinction between Inceptisols and the other soil classes. The main attributes differentiating the areas were Al content, pH and granulometry

Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are hematopoietic neoplasms composed of mast cells. It is highly common in dogs and is extremely important in the veterinary oncology field. It represents the third most common tumor subtype, and is the most common malignant skin tumor in dogs, corresponding to 11% of skin cancer cases. The objective of this critical review was to present the report of the 2nd Consensus meeting on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors, which was organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology (ABROVET) in August 2021. The most recent information on cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs is presented and discussed

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements