Intervención educativa sobre hábitos de estudio en estudiantes universitarios de Poza Rica, Veracruz, México

The objective of the research was to know the effect of study habits in nursing university students from Poza Rica, Ver., Mexico, after an educational intervention. Methodology. The study was quantitative, pre-experimental, prospective and longitudinal; With a sample of 10 students in the period January - November 2019, the type of sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience. The SPSS version 21.0 program was used for descriptive and inferential statistics. The research was based on the General Health Law in its article 100. Results. The results indicate a mean (239.40) of post-test study habits, significantly higher than that of the pre-test (174.20); the SD of the post-test (7.9) and the pre-test (21.23). The value of t according to the degrees of freedom is t(9) = 1.77. The significance of p < .000. With a 95% confidence interval, the mean difference between the two classifications is 52.66 to 77.73. Due to the above, the null hypothesis is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis is accepted since the p-value is < 0.05. The detection of poor study habits in the pre-test is evident, with surprising results contrary to what was detected in the post with good study habits, after the intervention. Conclusions, for the educational institution it is advisable to carry out research when students enter the faculty to detect study habits in a timely manner and thereby implement interventions during the students' university life.El objetivo de la investigación que se expone en este artículo fue conocer el efecto de los hábitos de estudio en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería de Poza Rica, Ver., México, después de una intervención educativa. Metodología. El estudio fue cuantitativo, preexperimental, prospectivo y longitudinal; con una muestra de 10 estudiantes en el período enero – noviembre 2019, el tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se utilizó el programa SPSS versión 21.0, para estadística descriptiva e inferencial. La investigación se basó en la Ley General de Salud en su artículo 100. Resultados. Los resultados indican una media (239.40) de hábitos de estudio del post-test, significativamente mayor que la del pre- test (174.20); la SD del pos-test (7.9) y del pre -test (21.23). El valor de t de acuerdo con los grados de libertad es de t (9) = 1.77. La significancia del p < .000. Con un intervalo de confianza del 95% la diferencia media entre las dos clasificaciones es de 52.66 a 77.73. Por lo anterior expresado se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alterna ya que el p-valor es < 0.05. Es evidente la detección de deficientes hábitos de estudio en el pre- test, con asombrosos resultados contrarios a lo que se detectó en el post con buenos hábitos de estudio, posterior a la intervención. Conclusiones, para la institución educativa se aconseja realizar investigaciones al ingreso de estudiantes a la facultad para detectar oportunamente los hábitos de estudio y con ello implementar intervenciones durante la vida universitaria de los estudiantes

Consumer knowledge and attitudes towards microalgae as food: The case of Spain

Spanish consumers’ knowledge and attitudes towards microalgae as food were assessed using a specific questionnaire - a total of 3,084 Spanish consumers over 18 years old were considered in the current study. Overall, the questionnaire revealed that there is a huge lack of knowledge on basic aspects of microalgae, especially within the youngest respondents (18-24 years old) and for those aged over 65 years old. Approximately 85% of all respondents scored the statement “There is a big lack of information about microalgae” with either 4 or 5 (using a 5-point hedonic scale), demonstrating that microalgae and their potential applications are unknown to the majority of the Spanish population. Spanish consumers consider microalgae as: (i) sustainable and environmentally friendly, (ii) nutritious and healthy, and (iii) safe, which is of key importance for food products. The main reasons that were given for not consuming microalgae were lack of information available on the product and lack of consuming habit. The current study also demonstrated that increasing consumer’s knowledge on microalgae has the potential to increase consumer choice and market shares of microalgae-enriched products. Results reported herein could be extrapolated to other European countries, although perception and attitudes towards food can vary depending on cultural considerations

Long-Term Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab in Crohn’s Disease Patients: The SUSTAIN Study

Background Large real-world-evidence studies are required to confirm the durability of response, effectiveness, and safety of ustekinumab in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients in real-world clinical practice. Methods A retrospective, multicentre study was conducted in Spain in patients with active CD who had received ≥1 intravenous dose of ustekinumab for ≥6 months. Primary outcome was ustekinumab retention rate; secondary outcomes were to identify predictive factors for drug retention, short-term remission (week 16), loss of response and predictive factors for short-term efficacy and loss of response, and ustekinumab safety. Results A total of 463 patients were included. Mean baseline Harvey-Bradshaw Index was 8.4. A total of 447 (96.5%) patients had received prior biologic therapy, 141 (30.5%) of whom had received ≥3 agents. In addition, 35.2% received concomitant immunosuppressants, and 47.1% had ≥1 abdominal surgery. At week 16, 56% had remission, 70% had response, and 26.1% required dose escalation or intensification; of these, 24.8% did not subsequently reduce dose. After a median follow-up of 15 months, 356 (77%) patients continued treatment. The incidence rate of ustekinumab discontinuation was 18% per patient-year of follow-up. Previous intestinal surgery and concomitant steroid treatment were associated with higher risk of ustekinumab discontinuation, while a maintenance schedule every 12 weeks had a lower risk; neither concomitant immunosuppressants nor the number of previous biologics were associated with ustekinumab discontinuation risk. Fifty adverse events were reported in 39 (8.4%) patients; 4 of them were severe (2 infections, 1 malignancy, and 1 fever). Conclusions Ustekinumab is effective and safe as short- and long-term treatment in a refractory cohort of CD patients in real-world clinical practice

Using Interpretable Machine Learning to Identify Baseline Predictive Factors of Remission and Drug Durability in Crohn’s Disease Patients on Ustekinumab

Ustekinumab has shown efficacy in Crohn's Disease (CD) patients. To identify patient profiles of those who benefit the most from this treatment would help to position this drug in the therapeutic paradigm of CD and generate hypotheses for future trials. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether baseline patient characteristics are predictive of remission and the drug durability of ustekinumab, and whether its positioning with respect to prior use of biologics has a significant effect after correcting for disease severity and phenotype at baseline using interpretable machine learning. Patients' data from SUSTAIN, a retrospective multicenter single-arm cohort study, were used. Disease phenotype, baseline laboratory data, and prior treatment characteristics were documented. Clinical remission was defined as the Harvey Bradshaw Index <= 4 and was tracked longitudinally. Drug durability was defined as the time until a patient discontinued treatment. A total of 439 participants from 60 centers were included and a total of 20 baseline covariates considered. Less exposure to previous biologics had a positive effect on remission, even after controlling for baseline disease severity using a non-linear, additive, multivariable model. Additionally, age, body mass index, and fecal calprotectin at baseline were found to be statistically significant as independent negative risk factors for both remission and drug survival, with further risk factors identified for remission

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications

Background: Foams are high porosity and low density materials. In nature, they are a common architecture. Some of their relevant technological applications include heat and sound insulation, lightweight materials, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Foams derived from natural polymers are particularly attractive for tissue culture due to their biodegradability and bio-compatibility. Here, the foaming potential of an extensive list of materials was assayed, including slabs elaborated from whole flour, the starch component only, or the protein fraction only of maize seeds. Methodology/Principal Findings We used supercritical CO2 to produce foams from thermoplasticized maize derived materials. Polyethylene-glycol, sorbitol/glycerol, or urea/formamide were used as plasticizers. We report expansion ratios, porosities, average pore sizes, pore morphologies, and pore size distributions for these materials. High porosity foams were obtained from zein thermoplasticized with polyethylene glycol, and from starch thermoplasticized with urea/formamide. Zein foams had a higher porosity than starch foams (88% and 85%, respectively) and a narrower and more evenly distributed pore size. Starch foams exhibited a wider span of pore sizes and a larger average pore size than zein (208.84 vs. 55.43 μm2, respectively). Proof-of-concept cell culture experiments confirmed that mouse fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) and two different prostate cancer cell lines (22RV1, DU145) attached to and proliferated on zein foams. Conclusions/Significance: We conducted screening and proof-of-concept experiments on the fabrication of foams from cereal-based bioplastics. We propose that a key indicator of foamability is the strain at break of the materials to be foamed (as calculated from stress vs. strain rate curves). Zein foams exhibit attractive properties (average pore size, pore size distribution, and porosity) for cell culture applications; we were able to establish and sustain mammalian cell cultures on zein foams for extended time periods

Maize-derived thermoplastic were produced by (A) thermo-extrusion in a twin conical screw mini extruder (Haake MiniLab, Thermo Scientific, USA) followed by thermopressing at 20 MPa for 4 min in a P300P press (Collin, Germany).

<p>(B) Slabs of these plastics were subjected to supercritical CO₂ foaming, which occurred in two stages: (C) diffusion and solubilization of CO₂ molecules within a solid material matrix at supercritical conditions, and (D) a sudden drop in pressure allows the formation of CO₂ bubbles within the material.</p