Konus-Wind and Helicon-Coronas-F Observations of Solar Flares

Results of solar flare observations obtained in the Konus-Wind experiment from November, 1994 to December, 2013 and in the Helicon Coronas-F experiment during its operation from 2001 to 2005, are presented. For the periods indicated Konus-Wind detected in the trigger mode 834 solar flares, and Helicon-Coronas-F detected more than 300 solar flares. A description of the instruments and data processing techniques are given. As an example, the analysis of the spectral evolution of the flares SOL2012-11-08T02:19 (M 1.7) and SOL2002-03-10T01:34 (C5.1) is made with the Konus-Wind data and the flare SOL2003-10-26T06:11 (X1.2) is analyzed in the 2.223 MeV deuterium line with the Helicon-Coronas-F data.Comment: Published version. A list of the Konus-Wind solar flare triggers and figures of their time profiles are available at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/Solar

KW-Sun: The Konus-Wind Solar Flare Database in Hard X-ray and Soft Gamma-ray Ranges

We present a database of solar flares registered by the Konus-Wind instrument during more than 27 years of operation, from 1994 November to now (2022 June). The constantly updated database (hereafter KW-Sun) contains over 1000 events detected in the instrument's triggered mode and is accessible online at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/kwsun/. For each flare, the database provides time-resolved energy spectra in energy range from ~20 keV to ~15 MeV in FITS format along with count rate light curves in three wide energy bands G1 (~20-80 keV), G2 (~80-300 keV), and G3 (~300-1200 keV) with high time resolution (down to 16 ms) in ASCII and IDL SAV formats. This article focuses on the instrument capabilities in the context of solar observations, the structure of the KW-Sun data and their intended usage. The presented homogeneous data set obtained in the broad energy range with high temporal resolution during more than two full solar cycles is beneficial for both statistical and case studies as well as a source of context data for solar flare research.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ

К юбилею Ю. Н. Столярова

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Development of professional consciousness of future doctors at the chair of human anatomy at the Higher state educational establishment «Ukrainian medical stomatological academy»

Найважливішим завданням системи вищої освіти України є досягнення максимального розвитку здібностей та можливостей студентів і забезпечення якості підготовки фахівців на рівні між- народних вимог. Найактуальнішою залишається виховна робота викладачів і її вплив на форму- вання свідомості у майбутнього лікаря. Основним мірилом якості виховної роботи із студентами є чітко налаштований навчальний процес, його органічне поєднання з практичною діяльністю. Це вимагає від викладача вищого навчального медичного закладу творчого підходу та натхнення для подальшої активізації роботи студентів на практичних заняттях. Величезну роль відіграє в ньому особистість викладача; Достижение максимального развития способностей и возможностей студентов и обеспечение качества подготовки специалистов на уровне международных требований является самым важным заданием системы высшего образования Украины. Воспитательная работа преподавателей и ее влияние на формирование сознания у будущего врача остается самой актуальной. Основной мерой качества воспитательной работы со студентами является четко поставленный учебный процесс, его органическая связь с практической деятельностью. Это требует от преподавателя высшего учебного медицинского заведения творческого подхода и вдохновения для дальнейшей активизации работы студентов на практических занятиях. Огромную роль играет в нем личность преподавателя; The most urgent task of the higher medical education system in Ukraine is to provide all the opportunities for the maximal development of students’ abilities according to the latest international educational standards. Educational work and its influence on the development of consciousness in the future doctors seems to be the most important. The basic criterion for the effectiveness of educational work is exactly designed educational process, its close links with the practical activities. Therefore the teachers of a higher educational medical institution should be in search of the most proper approaches to engage students in the research work and in medical practice activity. And the personality of a teacher is still being a key figure in the education

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta