Un Don Quichotte contre la Laideur : Henry Van de Velde

Le xixe siècle était une époque « croyante », au sens le plus profond du terme. La pauvreté, les carences politiques – tout paraissait pouvoir être guéri : même la laideur. Parmi les nombreux apôtres de la Beauté, l’architecte et dessinateur Henry Van de Velde (1863-1957) se distingue par son radicalisme. Initialement inspiré par le mouvement « Arts and Crafts », qui, venu d’Angleterre, était parti à la conquête du continent, le peintre belge se détournait de la peinture de chevalet et développait une synthèse des « beaux arts » et des « arts décoratifs ». Il attachait une importance particulière à un dessin expressif de la ligne, ce qui lui a valu la réputation douteuse d’avoir inventé le « style ténia ». Les succès à sensation de ses expositions à partir des années 1890 reposaient cependant sur un malentendu, que Van de Velde entendait éclaircir dans ses écrits théoriques – sans y parvenir. L’« ornement rationnel », qui ne se réfère pas à des motifs empruntés à la nature, mais à l’expressivité spontanée de la gestuelle et de la réceptivité de l’homme, devait permettre la guérison d’une crise de la modernité, dont l’origine remonte selon Van de Velde à la Renaissance.Das 19. Jahrhundert war ein im tieferen Sinne «gläubiges» Zeitalter. Armut, politische Mißstände – alles schien heilbar: auch die Häßlichkeit. Unter den vielen Aposteln der Schönheit sticht der Architekt und Designer Henry van de Velde (1863-1957) durch seine Radikalität hervor. Anfänglich inspiriert von der Arts and Crafts Bewegung die am Ende der 1880er Jahre aus England her den Kontinent erobert, kehrt sich der belgische Maler vom Tafelbild ab und entwickelt eine Verquickung von «bildender» und «dekorativer» Kunst. Besonderen Wert legte er auf eine expressive Linienführung, die ihm den zweifelhaften Ruf des Erfinders des «Bandwurmstils» eintrug. Die Sensationserfolge seiner Ausstellungen seit Mitte der 1890er Jahre waren jedoch ein Mißverständnis, welches van de Velde in seinen theoretischen Schriften aufzuklären sucht – ohne Erfolg. Das «vernunftgemäße Ornament», welches sich nicht auf aus der Natur entlehnte Motive bezieht, sondern auf die spontane Expressivität menschlicher Gestik und Rezeptivität, sollte die Genesung einer Krise der Moderne ermöglichen, deren Genealogie van de Velde auf die Renaissance zurückführt

Éléments d’introduction

Si la « Grande Guerre » – comme ses contemporains l’ont qualifiée – constitue un temps spécifique, une unité historique pourrait-on dire, elle s’organise autour de grands moments : l’entrée en guerre ; la mobilisation des soldats et des sociétés ; les grandes « batailles » sur les différents fronts ; les contestations en première ligne comme à l’arrière ; les négociations diplomatiques, secrètes ou non ; les demandes et signatures d’armistices… Ainsi, chacune des cinq années de la guerre a so..

Posen und Straßburg und ihr Bezug zum Wasser. Ein vergleichender Blick in einer Langzeitperspektive

In der wilhelminischen Zeit (1890–1918) wurden in den Grenzstädten Posen und Straßburg ehrgeizige Urbanisierungsprojekte durchgeführt, diese Orte wurden damit zu einem „Laboratorium“ der modernen Städteplanung. Trotzdem gibt es bis heute in der Fachliteratur kein vergleichendes Studium zu diesem Thema, insbesondere bezüglich der Beziehung zwischen diesen Zentren und den Flüssen (Warthe und Rhein). In Anlehnung an die Theorien des englischen Historikers Arnold Toynbee präsentieren die Verfasser des Beitrages folgendes zentrales Forschungsthema: Welche Methoden zur Regelung von Wasserproblemen wurden in Posen und Straßburg angewandt?Poznań and Strasbourg and their relationship with water: A long-term comparative lookIn the Wilhelmine Period (1890–1918), the border cities of Poznań and Strasbourg were included in ambitious urbanization projects, thus becoming a sort of “laboratories” or modern urban planning. Despite this, no comparative study, especially regarding the relationship between these cities and rivers (the Warta and the Rhine), has been undertaken. Referring to a theory by English historian Arnold Toynbee, the authors of this article present the following research issue: what means of water-related regulations were adopted in Poznań and Strasburg? Translated by Anna MaleszkaPoznań i Strasburg w relacjach z wodą. Spojrzenie porównawcze w długiej perspektywie czasowejW czasach wilhelmowskich (1890–1918) miasta graniczne Poznań i Strasburg zostały objęte ambitnymi projektami urbanizacyjnymi, stając się tym samym swego rodzaju „laboratoriami” nowoczesnego planowania miejskiego. Pomimo to w literaturze przedmiotu brakuje studium porównawczego, w szczególności dotyczącego relacji tych ośrodków z rzekami (Warta i Ren). W nawiązaniu do teorii angielskiego historyka Arnolda Toynbee autorzy artykułu przedstawili następujące zagadnienia badawcze: jakie metody regulacji kwestii związanych z wodą przyjęto w Poznaniu i Strasburgu

Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a significant distance from their production point into a final state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentum muon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^-1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond the standard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetric particles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presented for different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.Comment: 8 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physics Letters

Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw > 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio

Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS

The chi_b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb^-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to Upsilon(1S,2S) with Upsilon->mu+mu-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes chi_b(1P,2P)->Upsilon(1S)gamma, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530+/-0.005 (stat.)+/-0.009 (syst.) GeV is also observed, in both the Upsilon(1S)gamma and Upsilon(2S)gamma decay modes. This is interpreted as the chi_b(3P) system.Comment: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 1 table, corrected author list, matches final version in Physical Review Letter

Standalone vertex finding in the ATLAS muon spectrometer

A dedicated reconstruction algorithm to find decay vertices in the ATLAS muon spectrometer is presented. The algorithm searches the region just upstream of or inside the muon spectrometer volume for multi-particle vertices that originate from the decay of particles with long decay paths. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using both a sample of simulated Higgs boson events, in which the Higgs boson decays to long-lived neutral particles that in turn decay to bbar b final states, and pp collision data at √s = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011

Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in diboson final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented of production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs, H →γ γ, H → Z Z∗ →4l and H →W W∗ →lνlν. The results are based on the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25 fb−1. Evidence for Higgs boson production through vector-boson fusion is reported. Results of combined fits probing Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons, as well as anomalous contributions to loop-induced production and decay modes, are presented. All measurements are consistent with expectations for the Standard Model Higgs boson

Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at \sqrt{s}=7\TeV

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs(\ttbar) in $pp$ collisions at \sqrt{s}=7 \TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron $e$ or muon $\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton ($ee$, $\mu\mu$ or $e\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb-1, 37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-\ttbar Standard Model processes are estimated using data-driven methods and determined to be $12.2 \pm 3.9$ events and $2.5 \pm 0.6$ events, respectively. The kinematic properties of the selected events are consistent with SM \ttbar production. The inclusive top quark pair production cross-section is measured to be \sigmattbar=145 \pm 31 ^{+42}_{-27} pb where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The measurement agrees with perturbative QCD calculations.Comment: 30 pages plus author list (50 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, CERN-PH number and final journal adde