Broadly engaging with tranquillity in protected landscapes:A matter of perspective identified in GIS

References to the subjective notion of tranquillity have long been extensively deployed in marketing\ud literature and in planning policy in relation to both its promotion and its protection, particularly in protected\ud areas. Whilst a liberal use of the term has ensued, a plethora of research interprets tranquillity\ud primarily with noise, and where broader interpretations are progressed, traditional, directional questioning\ud techniques are evident in attempts to understand tranquillity and quantify its features. Surprisingly,\ud few enquiries have taken a broader, inductive approach to determining the range of stakeholders’ views\ud and of these even fewer have engaged specifically with local residents and particularly those classed as\ud hard-to-reach. Using these latter approaches, of the few and most recent studies conducted, the Broadly\ud Engaging with Tranquillity project provides a replicable framework for determining and mapping tranquillity.\ud An extensive community engagement process launched the study, using participatory principles\ud from which stakeholders’ views were modelled using Geographical Information Systems. Results of this\ud research are reported together with an interpretation of the models created according to four distinct\ud groups representing views of institutions and members of the public. Similar views are identified amongst\ud the groups with tranquillity commonly related to natural environments, whereas nontranquillity was\ud primarily equated to seeing and hearing people and the products of human activity. Yet distinctions are\ud identified between the four groups that have important implications for who should be involved in determining\ud local characteristics of tranquillity and for how protected area managers might include nonexpert\ud views in their understanding and conservation of tranquillity

Which method is best for the induction of labour?: A systematic review, network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis

Background: More than 150,000 pregnant women in England and Wales have their labour induced each year. Multiple pharmacological, mechanical and complementary methods are available to induce labour. Objective: To assess the relative effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of labour induction methods and, data permitting, effects in different clinical subgroups. Methods: We carried out a systematic review using Cochrane methods. The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group’s Trials Register was searched (March 2014). This contains over 22,000 reports of controlled trials (published from 1923 onwards) retrieved from weekly searches of OVID MEDLINE (1966 to current); Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library); EMBASE (1982 to current); Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (1984 to current); ClinicalTrials.gov; the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Portal; and hand-searching of relevant conference proceedings and journals. We included randomised controlled trials examining interventions to induce labour compared with placebo, no treatment or other interventions in women eligible for third-trimester induction. We included outcomes relating to efficacy, safety and acceptability to women. In addition, for the economic analysis we searched the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and Economic Evaluations Databases, NHS Economic Evaluation Database and the Health Technology Assessment database. We carried out a network meta-analysis (NMA) using all of the available evidence, both direct and indirect, to produce estimates of the relative effects of each treatment compared with others in a network. We developed a de novo decision tree model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of various methods. The costs included were the intervention and other hospital costs incurred (price year 2012–13). We reviewed the literature to identify preference-based utilities for the health-related outcomes in the model. We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, expected costs, utilities and net benefit. We represent uncertainty in the optimal intervention using cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Results: We identified 1190 studies; 611 were eligible for inclusion. The interventions most likely to achieve vaginal delivery (VD) within 24 hours were intravenous oxytocin with amniotomy [posterior rank 2; 95% credible intervals (CrIs) 1 to 9] and higher-dose (≥ 50 μg) vaginal misoprostol (rank 3; 95% CrI 1 to 6). Compared with placebo, several treatments reduced the odds of caesarean section, but we observed considerable uncertainty in treatment rankings. For uterine hyperstimulation, double-balloon catheter had the highest probability of being among the best three treatments, whereas vaginal misoprostol (≥ 50 μg) was most likely to increase the odds of excessive uterine activity. For other safety outcomes there were insufficient data or there was too much uncertainty to identify which treatments performed ‘best’. Few studies collected information on women’s views. Owing to incomplete reporting of the VD within 24 hours outcome, the cost-effectiveness analysis could compare only 20 interventions. The analysis suggested that most interventions have similar utility and differ mainly in cost. With a caveat of considerable uncertainty, titrated (low-dose) misoprostol solution and buccal/sublingual misoprostol had the highest likelihood of being cost-effective. Limitations: There was considerable uncertainty in findings and there were insufficient data for some planned subgroup analyses. Conclusions: Overall, misoprostol and oxytocin with amniotomy (for women with favourable cervix) is more successful than other agents in achieving VD within 24 hours. The ranking according to safety of different methods was less clear. The cost-effectiveness analysis suggested that titrated (low-dose) oral misoprostol solution resulted in the highest utility, whereas buccal/sublingual misoprostol had the lowest cost. There was a high degree of uncertainty as to the most cost-effective intervention

Drive systems in computer controlled machine tools.

In this study, the electromechanical drive systems in NC and CNC machines, mainly AC motors, hydraulic and pneumatic drive elements have been summarised with their working principles. (In Turkish

Computer numerical controlled (CNC) machining types and the control systems

In this study, point-to-point control, line control and curved path control which covers the computer numerical controlled (CNC) machine tools control system analysed. The principles of the open and closed loop control systems of the machine tools and the main circuit elements being used in the test have been introduced. (Turkish

Theoretical investigation of desing parameters and performance of axial piston pumps

In this study, the positive displacement high pressure axial piston pumps being used in industrial hydraulic power generating and transmission systems have been theoretically analysed. Having examined the important parameters in the design of bent axis and swash plate pumps, characteristic parameters such as delivery, torque and power have been obtained in non-dimensional form and their variations with different geometrical parameters have been examined. (In Turkish

Analysis of cutting forces in CNC turning operations: Experimental case study

In this study, the cutting forces in two directions in various cutting conditions have been measured using a BOXFORD 250 CNC Turning machine and sensors. A database is created to be used to part program optimisation

Social comparison and envy in the workplace

This dataset contains a manipulation of upward social comparison and envy in the workplace

AdMiGov - Migration and Development – Turkey

The data was collected as part of H2020 ADMIGOV project, subproject (WP6) that examined relationships between development interventions and the migration aspirations of refugees and other migrants. The data (face-to-face and on-line survey interviews) was collected for a case study in Turkey that focused on evaluating the reasons for aspirations to move on, stay put, and return among Syrians, who are pre-dominantly under Temporary Protection in Turkey, and Afghans, who are under international protection. In total, between March and December 2020, 966 interviews with Afghan and Syrian nationals living in Turkey