T2{}^2K2{}^2: The Twitter Top-K Keywords Benchmark

Information retrieval from textual data focuses on the construction of vocabularies that contain weighted term tuples. Such vocabularies can then be exploited by various text analysis algorithms to extract new knowledge, e.g., top-k keywords, top-k documents, etc. Top-k keywords are casually used for various purposes, are often computed on-the-fly, and thus must be efficiently computed. To compare competing weighting schemes and database implementations, benchmarking is customary. To the best of our knowledge, no benchmark currently addresses these problems. Hence, in this paper, we present a top-k keywords benchmark, T${}^2$K${}^2$, which features a real tweet dataset and queries with various complexities and selectivities. T${}^2$K${}^2$ helps evaluate weighting schemes and database implementations in terms of computing performance. To illustrate T${}^2$K${}^2$'s relevance and genericity, we successfully performed tests on the TF-IDF and Okapi BM25 weighting schemes, on one hand, and on different relational (Oracle, PostgreSQL) and document-oriented (MongoDB) database implementations, on the other hand

Okul Öncesı Öğretmenlerinin Etkinlik Planı Hazırlama Becerilerinin İncelenmesi: Uyarlama, Aile Katılımı ve Değerlendirme

DergiPark: 700610tredBu çalışmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin kendilerine verilen kazanım ve göstergeler ile öğrenme süreci doğrultusunda uyarlama, aile katılımı ve değerlendirme boyutlarını planlama becerilerini incelemektir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseninde yürütülmüştür ve çalışmada doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından yürütülen “Öğretmenlerimizle 2023’e Projesi” pilot uygulaması kapsamında 13 farklı ilden eğitici eğitimine katılan 53 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Dokümanları oluşturmak üzere katılımcılara etkinlik planı formatı verilmiş ve eş zamanlı olarak herhangi bir kaynağa ulaşmadan kendilerinden istenen bölümleri planlamaları beklenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri içerik analizi yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmenlerin uyarlama planlarken çoğunlukla fiziksel destek sağlama, basit yönergeler verme gibi yöntem ve tekniklere başvurdukları görülürken; aile katılımı planlarken daha fazla çeşitliliğe yöneldikleri belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin değerlendirme planlarken ise çoğunlukla değerlendirme sorularını kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak öğretmenlerin uyarlama ve aile katılımı planlama becerilerinin değerlendirme planlama becerilerine görece daha iyi olduğu; ancak tüm alanlarda desteklenmeye ihtiyaçlarının bulunduğu saptanmıştır

Fabrication of vertically aligned Pd nanowire array in AAO template by electrodeposition using neutral electrolyte

A vertically aligned Pd nanowire array was successfully fabricated on an Au/Ti substrate using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by a direct voltage electrodeposition method at room temperature using diluted neutral electrolyte. The fabrication of Pd nanowires was controlled by analyzing the current–time transient during electrodeposition using potentiostat. The AAO template and the Pd nanowires were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the Pd nanowire array was standing freely on an Au-coated Ti substrate after removing the AAO template in a relatively large area of about 5 cm2, approximately 50 nm in diameter and 2.5 μm in length with a high aspect ratio. The nucleation rate and the number of atoms in the critical nucleus were determined from the analysis of current transients. Pd nuclei density was calculated as 3.55 × 108 cm−2. Usage of diluted neutral electrolyte enables slower growing of Pd nanowires owing to increase in the electrodeposition potential and thus obtained Pd nanowires have higher crystallinity with lower dislocations. In fact, this high crystallinity of Pd nanowires provides them positive effect for sensor performances especially

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in human mobility patterns in Holocene Southwest Asia and the East Mediterranean

We present a spatiotemporal picture of human genetic diversity in Anatolia, Iran, Levant, South Caucasus, and the Aegean, a broad region that experienced the earliest Neolithic transition and the emergence of complex hierarchical societies. Combining 35 new ancient shotgun genomes with 382 ancient and 23 present-day published genomes, we found that genetic diversity within each region steadily increased through the Holocene. We further observed that the inferred sources of gene flow shifted in time. In the first half of the Holocene, Southwest Asian and the East Mediterranean populations homogenized among themselves. Starting with the Bronze Age, however, regional populations diverged from each other, most likely driven by gene flow from external sources, which we term “the expanding mobility model.” Interestingly, this increase in inter-regional divergence can be captured by outgroup-f$_3$-based genetic distances, but not by the commonly used F$_{ST}$ statistic, due to the sensitivity of F$_{ST}$, but not outgroup-f$_3$, to within-population diversity. Finally, we report a temporal trend of increasing male bias in admixture events through the Holocene

The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe

From around 2750 to 2500 bc, Bell Beaker pottery became widespread across western and central Europe, before it disappeared between 2200 and 1800 bc. The forces that propelled its expansion are a matter of long-standing debate, and there is support for both cultural diffusion and migration having a role in this process. Here we present genome-wide data from 400 Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age Europeans, including 226 individuals associated with Beaker-complex artefacts. We detected limited genetic affinity between Beaker-complex-associated individuals from Iberia and central Europe, and thus exclude migration as an important mechanism of spread between these two regions. However, migration had a key role in the further dissemination of the Beaker complex. We document this phenomenon most clearly in Britain, where the spread of the Beaker complex introduced high levels of steppe-related ancestry and was associated with the replacement of approximately 90% of Britain’s gene pool within a few hundred years, continuing the east-to-west expansion that had brought steppe-related ancestry into central and northern Europe over the previous centuries

The Epidemiology of Students Injuries in a Private Primary School in Turkey from 2012 to 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the occurrence frequency of school injuries, and to report where, when, and why they occur most.Methods: This retrospective descriptive study includes students aged between 6 and 11 years and is composed of 7042 school injury records. The school was chosen by the purposive sampling method since there was a school nurse working at school. The school injury records were formed by all injury records kept by the school nurse. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics.Results: The study results showed that most of the school injuries occurred during the fall period (60.1%) and at break times (38.6%). As for the causes of the injuries, 13.3% of them were environmental, while 86.7% were behavioral. The floor on where most of the injuries occurred was rubber floor (53.6%) and the area where most of the injuries occurred was playground-garden (64%). The factor most frequently causing the injuries was hit collision, and the activity causing most of the injuries was running. The most frequently affected part of the body was head-neck-forehead-chin. The most common type of injury was tenderness and redness.Conclusion: With this study, it is seen that the rate of injury among students is high. Most of the school injuries occurred during the break times and mealtimes. Most of the causes of injuries were behavioral. These epidemiological data would be a guide for studies on prevention of injuries

Analysis of Factors That May Affect The Enzymatic Profile of Gingival Crevicular Fluid: Sampling Technique, Sequential Sampling and Mode of Data Presentation.

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