Quantum confinement effects in Pb Nanocrystals grown on InAs

In the recent work of Ref.\cite{Vlaic2017-bs}, it has been shown that Pb nanocrystals grown on the electron accumulation layer at the (110) surface of InAs are in the regime of Coulomb blockade. This enabled the first scanning tunneling spectroscopy study of the superconducting parity effect across the Anderson limit. The nature of the tunnel barrier between the nanocrystals and the substrate has been attributed to a quantum constriction of the electronic wave-function at the interface due to the large Fermi wavelength of the electron accumulation layer in InAs. In this manuscript, we detail and review the arguments leading to this conclusion. Furthermore, we show that, thanks to this highly clean tunnel barrier, this system is remarkably suited for the study of discrete electronic levels induced by quantum confinement effects in the Pb nanocrystals. We identified three distinct regimes of quantum confinement. For the largest nanocrystals, quantum confinement effects appear through the formation of quantum well states regularly organized in energy and in space. For the smallest nanocrystals, only atomic-like electronic levels separated by a large energy scale are observed. Finally, in the intermediate size regime, discrete electronic levels associated to electronic wave-functions with a random spatial structure are observed, as expected from Random Matrix Theory.Comment: Main 12 pages, Supp: 6 page

Evidence for field-induced excitations in low-temperature thermal conductivity of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8

The thermal conductivity ,$\kappa$, of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 was studied as a function of magnetic field. Above 5 K, after an initial decrease, $\kappa(H)$ presents a kink followed by a plateau, as recently reported by Krishana et al.. By contrast, below 1K, the thermal conductivity was found to \emph{increase} with increasing field. This behavior is indicative of a finite density of states and is not compatible with the existence of a field-induced fully gapped $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}+id_{xy}$ state which was recently proposed to describe the plateau regime. Our low-temperature results are in agreement with recent works predicting a field-induced enhancement of thermal conductivity by Doppler shift of quasi-particle spectrum.Comment: 4 pages including 4 eps figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Field effect transistor and photo transistor of narrow band gap nanocrystal arrays using ionic glasses

International audienceGating of nanocrystal films is currently driven by two approaches: either the use of a dielectric such as SiO2 or the use of electrolyte. SiO2 allows fast bias sweeping over a broad range of temperatures but requires a large operating bias. Electrolyte, thanks to a large capacitance, leads to significantly reduce operating bias but is limited to slow speed and quasi room temperature operation. None of these operating conditions are optimal for narrow band gap nanocrystal-based phototransistors for which the need of a large capacitance gate has to be combined with low temperature operation. Here we explore the use of a LaF3 ionic glass as a high capacitance gating alternative. We demonstrate for the first time the use of such ionic glasses to gate thin films made of HgTe and PbS nanocrystals. This gating strategy allows operation in the 180 to 300 K range of temperatures with capacitance as high as 1 µF·cm-2. We unveil the unique property of ionic glass gate to enable unprecedented tunability of both magnitude and dynamics of the photocurrent, thanks to high charge doping capability within an operating temperature window relevant for infrared photodetection. We demonstrate that by carefully choosing the operating gate bias, the signal to noise ratio can be improved by a factor 100 and the time response accelerated by a factor 6. Moreover, the good transparency of LaF3 substrate allows back side illumination in the infrared which is highly valuable for the design of phototransistor

Universal Heat Conduction in YBa_2Cu_3O_6.9

The thermal conductivity of YBa_2Cu_3O_6.9 was measured at low temperatures in untwinned single crystals with concentrations of Zn impurities from 0 to 3% of Cu. A linear term kappa_0/T = 0.19 mW/K^2.cm is clearly resolved as T -> 0, and found to be virtually independent of Zn concentration. The existence of this residual normal fluid strongly validates the basic theory of transport in unconventional superconductors. Moreover, the observed universal behavior is in quantitative agreement with calculations for a gap function of d-wave symmetry.Comment: Latex file, 4 pages, 3 EPS figures, to appear in Physical Review Letter

Quasiparticle transport in the vortex state of YBa_2Cu_3O_6.9

The effect of vortices on quasiparticle transport in cuprate superconductors was investigated by measuring the low temperature thermal conductivity of YBa_2Cu_3O_6.9 in magnetic fields up to 8 T. The residual linear term (as T \to 0) is found to increase with field, directly reflecting the occupation of extended quasiparticle states. A study for different Zn impurity concentrations reveals a good agreement with recent calculations for a d-wave superconductor, thereby shedding light on the nature of scattering by both impurities and vortices. It also provides a quantitative measure of the gap near the nodes.Comment: 4 pages, 2 included eps figures, significant new analysis wrt other experiments, to appear in Phys Rev Lett 29 March 199

Observation of the diphoton decay of the Higgs boson and measurement of its properties

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Search for narrow resonances in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV data

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Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Precise determination of the mass of the Higgs boson and tests of compatibility of its couplings with the standard model predictions using proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV

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