434 research outputs found
A Monolithic Time Stretcher for Precision Time Recording
Identifying light mesons which contain only up/down quarks (pions) from those
containing a strange quark (kaons) over the typical meter length scales of a
particle physics detector requires instrumentation capable of measuring flight
times with a resolution on the order of 20ps. In the last few years a large
number of inexpensive, multi-channel Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) chips have
become available. These devices typically have timing resolution performance in
the hundreds of ps regime. A technique is presented that is a monolithic
version of ``time stretcher'' solution adopted for the Belle Time-Of-Flight
system to address this gap between resolution need and intrinsic multi-hit TDC
performance.Comment: 9 pages, 15 figures, minor corrections made, to appear as JINST_008
Mesons, Baryons and Waves in the Baby Skyrmion Model
We study various classical solutions of the baby-Skyrmion model in
dimensions. We point out the existence of higher energy states interpret them
as resonances of Skyrmions and anti-Skyrmions and study their decays. Most of
the discussion involves a highly exited Skyrmion-like state with winding number
one which decays into an ordinary Skyrmion and a Skyrmion-anti-Skyrmion pair.
We also study wave-like solutions of the model and show that some of such
solutions can be constructed from the solutions of the sine-Gordon equation. We
also show that the baby-Skyrmion has non-topological stationary solutions. We
study their interactions with Skyrmions.Comment: plain tex : 17 pages, 14 Postscript figures, uses epsf.te
Stability of the lattice formed in first-order phase transitions to matter containing strangeness in protoneutron stars
Well into the deleptonization phase of a core collapse supernova, a
first-order phase transition to matter with macroscopic strangeness content is
assumed to occur and lead to a structured lattice defined by negatively charged
strange droplets. The lattice is shown to crystallize for expected droplet
charges and separations at temperatures typically obtained during the
protoneutronstar evolution. The melting curve of the lattice for small
spherical droplets is presented. The one-component plasma model proves to be an
adequate description for the lattice in its solid phase with deformation modes
freezing out around the melting temperature. The mechanical stability against
shear stresses is such that velocities predicted for convective phenomena and
differential rotation during the Kelvin-Helmholtz cooling phase might prevent
the crystallization of the phase transition lattice. A solid lattice might be
fractured by transient convection, which could result in anisotropic neutrino
transport. The melting curve of the lattice is relevant for the mechanical
evolution of the protoneutronstar and therefore should be included in future
hydrodynamics simulations.Comment: accepted for publication in Physical Review
Sub-10ps Monolithic and Low-power Photodetector Readout
Recent advances in photon detectors have resulted in high-density imaging
arrays that offer many performance and cost advantages. In particular, the
excellent transit time spread of certain devices show promise to provide
tangible benefits in applications such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Meanwhile, high-density, high-performance readout techniques have not kept on
pace for exploiting these developments. Photodetector readout for next
generation high event rate particle identification and time-resolved PET
requires a highly-integrated, low-power, and cost-effective readout technique.
We propose fast waveform sampling as a method that meets these criteria and
demonstrate that sub-10ps resolution can be obtained for an existing device.Comment: 12 pages, 20 figures, submitted to NIM
Measurement of the ttbar Production Cross Section in ppbar Collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV using Kinematic Characteristics of Lepton + Jets Events
We present a measurement of the top quark pair ttbar production cross section
in ppbar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV using 230 pb**{-1}
of data collected by the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We
select events with one charged lepton (electron or muon), large missing
transverse energy, and at least four jets, and extract the ttbar content of the
sample based on the kinematic characteristics of the events. For a top quark
mass of 175 GeV, we measure sigma(ttbar) = 6.7 {+1.4-1.3} (stat) {+1.6- 1.1}
(syst) +/-0.4 (lumi) pb, in good agreement with the standard model prediction.Comment: submitted to Phys.Rev.Let
Measurement of the ttbar Production Cross Section in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV using Lepton + Jets Events with Lifetime b-tagging
We present a measurement of the top quark pair () production cross
section () in collisions at TeV
using 230 pb of data collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab
Tevatron Collider. We select events with one charged lepton (electron or muon),
missing transverse energy, and jets in the final state. We employ
lifetime-based b-jet identification techniques to further enhance the
purity of the selected sample. For a top quark mass of 175 GeV, we
measure pb, in
agreement with the standard model expectation.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables Submitted to Phys.Rev.Let
Measurement of the Isolated Photon Cross Section in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV
The cross section for the inclusive production of isolated photons has been
measured in p anti-p collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV with the D0 detector at the
Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The photons span transverse momenta 23 to 300 GeV
and have pseudorapidity |eta|<0.9. The cross section is compared with the
results from two next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations. The
theoretical predictions agree with the measurement within uncertainties.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys.Lett.
Anisotropic flow of charged hadrons, pions and (anti-)protons measured at high transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The elliptic, , triangular, , and quadrangular, , azimuthal
anisotropic flow coefficients are measured for unidentified charged particles,
pions and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Results obtained with the
event plane and four-particle cumulant methods are reported for the
pseudo-rapidity range at different collision centralities and as a
function of transverse momentum, , out to GeV/.
The observed non-zero elliptic and triangular flow depends only weakly on
transverse momentum for GeV/. The small dependence
of the difference between elliptic flow results obtained from the event plane
and four-particle cumulant methods suggests a common origin of flow
fluctuations up to GeV/. The magnitude of the (anti-)proton
elliptic and triangular flow is larger than that of pions out to at least
GeV/ indicating that the particle type dependence persists out
to high .Comment: 16 pages, 5 captioned figures, authors from page 11, published
version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/186
Centrality dependence of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The inclusive transverse momentum () distributions of primary
charged particles are measured in the pseudo-rapidity range as a
function of event centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at
TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The data are presented in the range
GeV/ for nine centrality intervals from 70-80% to 0-5%.
The Pb-Pb spectra are presented in terms of the nuclear modification factor
using a pp reference spectrum measured at the same collision
energy. We observe that the suppression of high- particles strongly
depends on event centrality. In central collisions (0-5%) the yield is most
suppressed with at -7 GeV/. Above
GeV/, there is a significant rise in the nuclear modification
factor, which reaches for GeV/. In
peripheral collisions (70-80%), the suppression is weaker with almost independently of . The measured nuclear
modification factors are compared to other measurements and model calculations.Comment: 17 pages, 4 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/284
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