13 research outputs found
Efficient Detectors for MIMO-OFDM Systems under Spatial Correlation Antenna Arrays
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/09/2018
- Field of study
This work analyzes the performance of the implementable detectors for
multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division
multiplexing (OFDM) technique under specific and realistic operation system
condi- tions, including antenna correlation and array configuration.
Time-domain channel model has been used to evaluate the system performance
under realistic communication channel and system scenarios, including different
channel correlation, modulation order and antenna arrays configurations. A
bunch of MIMO-OFDM detectors were analyzed for the purpose of achieve high
performance combined with high capacity systems and manageable computational
complexity. Numerical Monte-Carlo simulations (MCS) demonstrate the channel
selectivity effect, while the impact of the number of antennas, adoption of
linear against heuristic-based detection schemes, and the spatial correlation
effect under linear and planar antenna arrays are analyzed in the MIMO-OFDM
context.Comment: 26 pgs, 16 figures and 5 table
The discovery and follow-up of four transiting short-period sub-Neptunes orbiting M dwarfs
- Author
- Bakos Gaspar Á.
- Barkaoui Khalid
- Beichman Charles
- Benkhaldoun Zouhair
- Boyle Andrew W.
- Béjar Víctor J. S.
- Calatayud-Borras Yéssica
- Carleo Ilaria
- Charbonneau David
- Ciardi David R.
- Clark Catherine A.
- Collins Karen A.
- Collins Kevin I.
- Conti Dennis M.
- Crossfield Ian J.M.
- de Leon Jerome P.
- Enoc Gareb
- Esparza-Borges Emma
- Essack Zahra
- Everett Mark E.
- Fukuda Izuru
- Fukui Akihiko
- Furlan Elise
- Galán Daniel
- García Nestor Abreu
- Geraldía-González Samuel
- Ghachoui Mourad
- Gillon Michaël
- Gonzales Erica J.
- Guerrero Natalia M.
- Harakawa Hiroki
- Hartman Joel D.
- Hayashi Yuya
- Hedges Christina
- Hernández Leticia Álvarez
- Higuera Jesus
- Hirano Teruyuki
- Hori Yasunori
- Horne Keith
- Howell Steve B.
- Ikoma Masahiro
- Ikuta Kai
- Ishikawa Hiroyuki Tako
- Ishizuka Masato
- Isogai Keisuke
- Jehin Emmanuël
- Jenkins Jon M.
- Kagetani Taiki
- Kawai Yugo
- Kawauchi Kiyoe
- Kimura Tadahiro
- Kodama Takanori
- Konishi Mihoko
- Korth Judith
- Kotani Takayuki
- Kudo Tomoyuki
- Kurokawa Takashi
- Kusakabe Nobuhiko
- Kuzuhara Masayuki
- Laza-Ramos Andrés
- Lester Kathryn V.
- Livingston John H.
- Lund Michael B.
- Luque Rafael
- Matson Rachel
- Matthews Elisabeth C.
- Miyakawa Kohei
- Morello Giuseppe
- Mori Mayuko
- Murgas Felipe
- Muñoz Torres Sara
- Narita Norio
- Nishikawa Jun
- Omiya Masashi
- Orell-Miquel Jaume
- Palle Enric
- Parviainen Hannu
- Peláez-Torres Alberto
- Pozuelos Francisco J.
- Puig-Subirà Marta
- Ricker George R.
- Safonov Boris S.
- Schlieder Joshua E.
- Schwarz Richard P.
- Seager Sara
- Sefako Ramotholo
- Serizawa Takuma
- Sosa-Guillén Paula
- Srdoc Gregor
- Stangret Monika
- Strakhov Ivan A.
- Striegel Stephanie
- Sánchez-Benavente Manuel
- Tamura Motohide
- Terada Yuka
- Timmermans Mathilde
- Ueda Akitoshi
- Vanderspek Roland
- Vievard Sébastien
- Waalkes William C.
- Watanabe Noriharu
- Winn Joshua N.
- Ziegler Carl
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/06/2024
- Field of study
Sub-Neptunes with radii of 2–3 R⊕ are intermediate in size between rocky planets and Neptune-sized planets. The orbital properties and bulk compositions of transiting sub-Neptunes provide clues to the formation and evolution of close-in small planets. In this paper, we present the discovery and follow-up of four sub-Neptunes orbiting M dwarfs (TOI-782, TOI-1448, TOI-2120, and TOI-2406), three of which were newly validated by ground-based follow-up observations and statistical analyses. TOI-782 b, TOI-1448 b, TOI-2120 b, and TOI-2406 b have radii of Rp = 2.740 +0.082-0.079 R⊕, 2.769+0.073-0.068 R⊕, 2.120 ± 0.067 R⊕, and 2.830+0.068-0.066 R⊕ and orbital periods of P = 8.02, 8.11, 5.80, and 3.08 days, respectively. Doppler monitoring with the Subaru/InfraRed Doppler instrument led to 2σ upper limits on the masses of <19.1 M⊕, <19.5 M⊕, <6.8 M⊕, and <15.6 M⊕ for TOI-782 b, TOI-1448 b, TOI-2120 b, and TOI-2406 b, respectively. The mass–radius relationship of these four sub-Neptunes testifies to the existence of volatile material in their interiors. These four sub-Neptunes, which are located above the so-called "radius valley," are likely to retain a significant atmosphere and/or an icy mantle on the core, such as a water world. We find that at least three of the four sub-Neptunes (TOI-782 b, TOI-2120 b, and TOI-2406 b), orbiting M dwarfs older than 1 Gyr, are likely to have eccentricities of e ∼ 0.2–0.3. The fact that tidal circularization of their orbits is not achieved over 1 Gyr suggests inefficient tidal dissipation in their interiors.Peer reviewe
Efficient detectors for MIMO-OFDM systems under spatial correlation antenna arrays
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Gliese 12 b: A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 pc Ideal for Atmospheric Transmission Spectroscopy
- Author
- Aoki Wako
- Beichman Charles
- Brandt Timothy D.
- Béjar Víctor J. S.
- Caballero José A.
- Calatayud-Borras Yéssica
- Carleo Ilaria
- Changeat Quentin
- Charbonneau David
- Collins Karen A.
- Currie Thayne
- de Leon Jerome P.
- Doty John P.
- Dreizler Stefan
- Esparza-Borges Emma
- Fernández-Rodríguez Gareb
- Fukuda Izuru
- Fukui Akihiko
- Gallardo Pedro Pablo Meni
- Galán Daniel
- García Néstor Abreu
- Geraldía-González Samuel
- González-Garcia Josafat
- Harakawa Hiroki
- Hayashi Yuya
- Hedges Christina
- Hellier Coel
- Henning Thomas
- Hirano Teruyuki
- Hodapp Klaus
- Hori Yasunori
- Ikoma Masahiro
- Ikuta Kai
- Ishikawa Hiroyuki Tako
- Isogai Keisuke
- Jacobson Shane
- Janson Markus
- Jenkins Jon M.
- Kagetani Taiki
- Kambe Eiji
- Kasagi Yui
- Kawai Yugo
- Kawauchi Kiyoe
- Kodama Takanori
- Kokubo Eiichiro
- Konishi Mihoko
- Korth Judith
- Kotani Takayuki
- Krishnamurthy Vigneshwaran
- Kudo Tomoyuki
- Kurokawa Takashi
- Kusakabe Nobuhiko
- Kuzuhara Masayuki
- Kwon Jungmi
- Laza-Ramos Andrés
- Libotte Florence
- Livingston John H.
- Luque Rafael
- Madrigal-Aguado Alberto
- Matsumoto Yuji
- Mawet Dimitri
- McElwain Michael W.
- Morales Juan C.
- Morello Giuseppe
- Mori Mayuko
- Murgas Felipe
- Nagel Evangelos
- Narita Norio
- Nishikawa Jun
- Nugroho Stevanus K.
- Ogihara Masahiro
- Omiya Masashi
- Orell-Miquel Jaume
- Palle Enric
- Parviainen Hannu
- Peláez-Torres Alberto
- Perdelwitz Volker
- Rapetti David
- Reiners Ansgar
- Ribas Ignasi
- Sanz-Forcada Jorge
- Sato Bun’ei
- Schlecker Martin
- Schweitzer Andreas
- Seager Sara
- Serabyn Eugene
- Serizawa Takuma
- Stangret Monika
- Sánchez-Benavente Manuel
- Tabernero Hugo M.
- Takahashi Aoi
- Takarada Takuya
- Tamura Motohide
- Teng Huan-Yu
- Terada Yuka
- Torres Sara Muñoz
- Ueda Akitoshi
- Usuda Tomonori
- Uyama Taichi
- Vanderspek Roland
- Vievard Sébastien
- Watanabe David
- Watanabe Noriharu
- Winn Joshua N.
- Zapatero Osorio Maria Rosa
- Zechmeister Mathias
- Publication venue
- American Astronomical Society
- Publication date
- 01/06/2024
- Field of study
Recent discoveries of Earth-sized planets transiting nearby M dwarfs have made it possible to characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial planets via follow-up spectroscopic observations. However, the number of such planets receiving low insolation is still small, limiting our ability to understand the diversity of the atmospheric composition and climates of temperate terrestrial planets. We report the discovery of an Earth-sized planet transiting the nearby (12 pc) inactive M3.0 dwarf Gliese 12 (TOI-6251) with an orbital period (P orb) of 12.76 days. The planet, Gliese 12 b, was initially identified as a candidate with an ambiguous P orb from TESS data. We confirmed the transit signal and P orb using ground-based photometry with MuSCAT2 and MuSCAT3, and validated the planetary nature of the signal using high-resolution images from Gemini/NIRI and Keck/NIRC2 as well as radial velocity (RV) measurements from the InfraRed Doppler instrument on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope and from CARMENES on the CAHA 3.5 m telescope. X-ray observations with XMM-Newton showed the host star is inactive, with an X-ray-to-bolometric luminosity ratio of logLX/Lbol≈−5.7 . Joint analysis of the light curves and RV measurements revealed that Gliese 12 b has a radius of 0.96 ± 0.05 R ⊕, a 3σ mass upper limit of 3.9 M ⊕, and an equilibrium temperature of 315 ± 6 K assuming zero albedo. The transmission spectroscopy metric (TSM) value of Gliese 12 b is close to the TSM values of the TRAPPIST-1 planets, adding Gliese 12 b to the small list of potentially terrestrial, temperate planets amenable to atmospheric characterization with JWST
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C.
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T.
- Acevedo-Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A.
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait-Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al-Younes Hesham M.
- Al-Zeer Munir A.
- Albert Matthew L.
- Albin Roger L.
- Alegre-Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi K.
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O.
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P.
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y.O.
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K.
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Bahr Ben A.
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A.
- Bampton Edward T.W.
- Bartholomew Clinton R.
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bast Robert C.
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon-Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J.
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro Sébastien
- Bhatia-Kiššová Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard-Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S.
- Boise Lawrence H.
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C.
- Bortoluci Karina R.
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Frédéric
- Bourquin Jean-Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer-Guittaut Michaël
- Bozhkov Peter V.
- Brady Nathan R
- Brancolini Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E.
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H.
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L.
- Brookes Paul S.
- Brown Eric J.
- Brumell John H.
- Brunetti-Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T.
- Bulman Dennis E.
- Bultman Scott J.
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F.
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P.
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P.
- Béchet Daniel M.
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahová Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo-Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos-Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B.
- Carding Simon R.
- Cardoso Sandra M.
- Carew Jennifer S.
- Carlin Cathleen R.
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A.M.
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A.
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han-Jung
- Chai Chee-Yin
- Chan David C.
- Chan Edmond Y.
- Chang Raymond Chuen-Chung
- Che Chi-Ming
- Chen Ching-Chow
- Chen Guang-Chao
- Chen Guo-Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S.-L.
- Chen WenLi
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye-Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu-Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H.K.
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae-Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess-Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H.
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui-Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih-Shen
- Chiou Shih-Hwa
- Chisari Francis V.
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong-Hyung
- Choi Augustine MK
- Choi DooSeok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E.
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung-Hsien
- Chueh Sheau-Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong-Joon
- Chye Mee-Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R.
- Clague Michael J.
- Clark Robert S.B.
- Clarke Peter G.H.
- Clarke Robert B
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A.
- Colombo María I.
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R.
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto-Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P.
- Cregg James M.
- Crespo José L.
- Cronjé Marianne J.
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J.
- Czaja Mark J.
- D'Amelio Marcello
- Darfeuille-Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M.
- Davies Faith E.
- De Felici Massimo
- de Groot John F.
- de Haan Cornelis A.M.
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M.D.
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel Jörn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
- Desai Shyamal D.
- Devenish Rodney J.
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz-Meco Maria T.
- Diaz-Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh-Kumar Savithramma P.
- Ding Wen-Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W.
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri-Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
- Dorsey Frank C.
- Dosenko Victor
- Dowling James J.
- Doxsey Stephen
- Dreux Marlène
- Drew Mark E.
- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen E.
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Díaz-Araya Guillermo
- Díaz-Laviada Inés
- Edelstein Charles L.
- Edinger Aimee L.
- Egea Gustavo
- Eichinger Ludwig
- Eissa N. Tony
- Ekmekcioglu Suhendan
- El-Deiry Wafik S.
- Elazar Zvulun
- Elgendy Mohamed
- Ellerby Lisa M.
- Eng Kai Er
- Engelbrecht Anna-Mart
- Engelender Simone
- Erenpreisa Jekaterina
- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi-Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farre Jean-Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G.
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo-Pereira Maria E.
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C.
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D.
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A.
- Fisher Paul B.
- Flajolet Marc
- Flores Juan B. Kouri
- Florez-McClure Maria L.
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
- Fowler Daniel H.
- Fox Howard S.
- Franco Rodrigo
- Frankel Lisa B.
- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes José M.
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
- Fujita Eriko
- Fukuda Mitsunori
- Furukawa Ruth H.
- Fésüs László
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G.
- Gao Fen-Biao
- Gao George F.
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Lorena
- Garcia-Manero Guillermo
- Garcia-Marcos Mikel
- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L.
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R.
- Gegg Matthew E.
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E.
- Gewirtz David A
- Ghavami Saeid
- Ghosh Pradipta
- Giammarioli Anna M.
- Giatromanolaki Alexandra N.
- Gibson Spencer B.
- Gilkerson Robert W.
- Ginger Michael L.
- Ginsberg Henry N.
- Golab Jakub
- Goligorsky Michael S.
- Golstein Pierre
- Gomez-Manzano Candelaria
- Goncu Ebru
- Gongora Céline
- Gonzalez Claudio D.
- Gonzalez Ramon
- Gonzalez-Rey Elena
- González-Estévez Cristina
- González-Polo Rosa Ana
- Gorbunov Nikolai V.
- Gorski Sharon
- Goruppi Sandro
- Gottlieb Roberta A
- Gozuacik Devrim
- Granato Giovanna Elvira
- Grant Gary D.
- Green Kim N.
- Gregorc Ales
- Gros Frédéric
- Grose Charles
- Grunt Thomas W.
- Gual Philippe
- Guan Jun-Lin
- Guan Kun-Liang
- Guichard Sylvie M.
- Gukovskaya Anna S.
- Gukovsky Ilya
- Gunst Jan
- Gustafsson Åsa B.
- Halayko Andrew J.
- Hale Amber N.
- Halonen Sandra K.
- Hamasaki Maho
- Han Feng
- Han Ting
- Hancock Michael K.
- Hansen Malene
- Harada Hisashi
- Harada Masaru
- Hardt Stefan E.
- Harper J. Wade
- Harris Adrian L.
- Harris James
- Harris Steven D.
- Hashimoto Makoto
- Haspel Jeffrey A.
- Hayashi Shin-ichiro
- Hazelhurst Lori A.
- He Congcong
- He You-Wen
- Heidenreich Kim A.
- Helfrich Miep H.
- Helgason Gudmundur V.
- Henske Elizabeth P.
- Herman Brian
- Herman Paul K.
- Hetz Claudio
- Hilfiker Sabine
- Hill Joseph A
- Hocking Lynne J.
- Hofman Paul
- Hofmann Thomas G.
- Holyoake Tessa L.
- Hong Ming-Huang
- Hood David A.
- Hotamisligil Gökhan S.
- Houwerzijl Ewout J.
- Hu Bingren
- Hu Chien-an A.
- Hu Hong-Ming
- Hua Ya
- Huang Canhua
- Huang Ju
- Huang Shengbing
- Huang Wei-Pang
- Huber Tobias B.
- Huh Won-Ki
- Hung Tai-Ho
- Hupp Ted R.
- Hur Gang Min
- Hurley James B.
- Hussain Sabah N.A.
- Hussey Patrick J.
- Hwang Jung Jin
- Hwang Seungmin
- Hébert Marie-Josée
- Höhfeld Jörg
- Høyer-Hansen Maria
- Ichihara Atsuhiro
- Ilkhanizadeh Shirin
- Inoki Ken
- Into Takeshi
- Iovane Valentina
- Iovanna Juan L.
- Ip Nancy Y.
- Isaka Yoshitaka
- Ishida Hiroyuki
- Isidoro Ciro
- Isobe Ken-ichi
- Iwasaki Akiko
- Izquierdo Marta
- Izumi Yotaro
- Jaakkola Panu M.
- Jackson George R.
- Jackson William T.
- Janji Bassam
- Jendrach Marina
- Jeon Ju-Hong
- Jeung Eui-Bae
- Jiang Hong
- Jiang Hongchi
- Jiang Jean X.
- Jiang Ming
- Jiang Qing
- Jiang Xuejun
- Jiménez Alberto
- Jin Meiyan
- Jin Shengkan V.
- Joe Cheol O.
- Johansen Terje
- Johnson Daniel E.
- Johnson Gail V.W.
- Jones Nicola L.
- Joseph Bertrand
- Joseph Suresh K.
- Joubert Annie M.
- Juhász Gábor
- Juillerat-Jeanneret Lucienne
- Jung Chang Hwa
- Jung Yong-Keun
- Jäättelä Marja
- Kaarniranta Kai
- Kaasik Allen
- Kabuta Tomohiro
- Kadowaki Motoni
- Kamada Yoshiaki
- Kaminskyy Vitaliy O.
- Kampinga Harm H.
- Kanamori Hiromitsu
- Kang Chanhee
- Kang Khong Bee
- Kang Kwang Il
- Kang Rui
- Kang Yoon-A
- Kanki Tomotake
- Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi
- Kanno Haruo
- Kanthasamy Anumantha G.
- Kanthasamy Arthi
- Karantza Vassiliki
- Kaushal Gur P.
- Kaushik Susmita
- Kawazoe Yoshinori
- Ke Po-Yuan
- Kehrl John H.
- Kelekar Ameeta
- Kerkhoff Claus
- Kessel David H.
- Khalil Hany
- Kiel Jan A.K.W.
- Kiger Amy A.
- Kihara Akio
- Kim Deok Ryong
- Kim Do-Hyung
- Kim Dong-Hou
- Kim Eun-Kyoung
- Kim Hyung-Ryong
- Kim Jae-Sung
- Kim Jeong Hun
- Kim Jin Cheon
- Kim John K.
- Kim Peter K.
- Kim Seong Who
- Kim Yong-Sun
- Kim Yonghyun
- Kimchi Adi
- Kimmelman Alec C.
- King Jason S.
- Kinsella Timothy J.
- Kirkin Vladimir
- Kirshenbaum Lorrie A.
- Kitamoto Katsuhiko
- Kitazato Kaio
- Klein Ludger
- Klimecki Walter T.
- Klionsky Daniel J
- Klucken Jochen
- Knecht Erwin
- Ko Ben C.B.
- Koch Jan C.
- Koga Hiroshi
- Koh Jae-Young
- Koh Young Ho
- Koike Masato
- Komatsu Masaaki
- Kominami Eiki
- Kong Hee Jeong
- Kong Wei-Jia
- Korolchuk Viktor I.
- Kotake Yaichiro
- Koukourakis Michael I.
- Kovács Attila L
- Kraft Claudine
- Krainc Dimitri
- Kretz-Remy Carole
- Krichevsky Anna M.
- Kroemer Guido
- Krut Oleg
- Krämer Helmut
- Krüger Rejko
- Ktistakis Nicholas T.
- Kuan Chia-Yi
- Kucharczyk Roza
- Kumar Ashok
- Kumar Raj
- Kumar Sharad
- Kundu Mondira
- Kung Hsing-Jien
- Kurz Tino
- Kwon Ho Jeong
- Kågedal Katarina
- La Spada Albert R.
- Lafont Frank
- Lamark Trond
- Landry Jacques
- Lane Jon D.
- Lapaquette Pierre
- Laporte Jocelyn F.
- Lavandero Sergio
- Lavoie Josée N.
- Layfield Robert
- Lazo Pedro A.
- Le Cam Laurent
- Le Weidong
- Ledbetter Daniel J.
- Lee Alvin J.X.
- Lee Byung-Wan
- Lee Gyun Min
- Lee Jongdae
- lee Ju-hyun
- Lee Michael
- Lee Myung-Shik
- Lee Sug Hyung
- Leeuwenburgh Christiaan
- Legembre Patrick
- Legouis Renaud
- Lehmann Michael
- Lei Huan-Yao
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- Tian Yuan
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- Tomino Yasuhiko
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- Walter Jochen
- Wan Xiang-Bo
- Wang Aimin
- Wang Chenguang
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- Wang Jin
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- Wang Zhen-Bo
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- Willbold Dieter
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- Wouters Bradly G.
- Wu Chenghan
- Wu Dao-Cheng
- Wu William K.K.
- Wyttenbach Andreas
- Xavier Ramnik J.
- Xi Zhijun
- Xia Pu
- Xiao Gengfu
- Xie Zhiping
- Xie Zhonglin
- Xu Da-zhi
- Xu Jianzhen
- Xu Liang
- Xu Xiaolei
- Yamamoto Ai
- Yamamoto Akitsugu
- Yamashina Shunhei
- Yamashita Michiaki
- Yan Xianghua
- Yanagida Mitsuhiro
- Yang Dun-Sheng
- Yang Elizabeth
- Yang Jin-Ming
- Yang Shi Yu
- Yang Wannian
- Yang Wei Yuan
- Yang Zhifen
- Yao Meng-Chao
- Yao Tso-Pang
- Yeganeh Behzad
- Yen Wei-Lien
- Yin Jia-jing
- Yin Xiao-Ming
- Yoo Ook-Joon
- Yoon Gyesoon
- Yoon Seung-Yong
- Yorimitsu Tomohiro
- Yoshikawa Yuko
- Yoshimori Tamotsu
- Yoshimoto Kohki
- You Ho Jin
- Youle Richard J
- Younes Anas
- Yu Li
- Yu Long
- Yu Seong-Woon
- Yu Wai Haung
- Yuan Zhi-Min
- Yue Zhenyu
- Yun Cheol-Heui
- Yuzaki Michisuke
- Zabirnyk Olga
- Zacks David
- Zacksenhaus Eldad
- Zaffaroni Nadia
- Zakeri Zahra
- Zeh III Herbert J.
- Zeitlin Scott O.
- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hui-Ling
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing-Pu
- Zhang Jue
- Zhang Lin
- Zhang Long
- Zhang Ming-Yong
- Zhang Xu Dong
- Zhao Mantong
- Zhao Yi-Fang
- Zhao Ying
- Zhao Zhizhuang J.
- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Cong-Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
- Zhu Xiongwei
- Zhu Yuangang
- Zoladek Teresa
- Zong Wei-Xing
- Zorzano Antonio
- Zschocke Jürgen
- Zuckerbraun Brian
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/04/2012
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C.
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T.
- Acevedo-Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A.
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait-Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al-Younes Hesham M.
- Al-Zeer Munir A.
- Albert Matthew L.
- Albin Roger L.
- Alegre-Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi K.
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O.
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P.
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y.O.
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K.
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Bahr Ben A.
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A.
- Bampton Edward T.W.
- Bartholomew Clinton R.
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bast Robert C.
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon-Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J.
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro Sébastien
- Bhatia-Kiššová Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard-Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S.
- Boise Lawrence H.
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C.
- Bortoluci Karina R.
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Frédéric
- Bourquin Jean-Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer-Guittaut Michaël
- Bozhkov Peter V.
- Brady Nathan R
- Brancolini Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E.
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H.
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L.
- Brookes Paul S.
- Brown Eric J.
- Brumell John H.
- Brunetti-Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T.
- Bulman Dennis E.
- Bultman Scott J.
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F.
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P.
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P.
- Béchet Daniel M.
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahová Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo-Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos-Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B.
- Carding Simon R.
- Cardoso Sandra M.
- Carew Jennifer S.
- Carlin Cathleen R.
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A.M.
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A.
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han-Jung
- Chai Chee-Yin
- Chan David C.
- Chan Edmond Y.
- Chang Raymond Chuen-Chung
- Che Chi-Ming
- Chen Ching-Chow
- Chen Guang-Chao
- Chen Guo-Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S.-L.
- Chen WenLi
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye-Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu-Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H.K.
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae-Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess-Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H.
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui-Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih-Shen
- Chiou Shih-Hwa
- Chisari Francis V.
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong-Hyung
- Choi Augustine MK
- Choi DooSeok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E.
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung-Hsien
- Chueh Sheau-Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong-Joon
- Chye Mee-Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R.
- Clague Michael J.
- Clark Robert S.B.
- Clarke Peter G.H.
- Clarke Robert B
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A.
- Colombo María I.
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R.
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto-Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P.
- Cregg James M.
- Crespo José L.
- Cronjé Marianne J.
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J.
- Czaja Mark J.
- D'Amelio Marcello
- Darfeuille-Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M.
- Davies Faith E.
- De Felici Massimo
- de Groot John F.
- de Haan Cornelis A.M.
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M.D.
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel Jörn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
- Desai Shyamal D.
- Devenish Rodney J.
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz-Meco Maria T.
- Diaz-Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh-Kumar Savithramma P.
- Ding Wen-Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W.
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri-Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
- Dorsey Frank C.
- Dosenko Victor
- Dowling James J.
- Doxsey Stephen
- Dreux Marlène
- Drew Mark E.
- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen E.
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Díaz-Araya Guillermo
- Díaz-Laviada Inés
- Edelstein Charles L.
- Edinger Aimee L.
- Egea Gustavo
- Eichinger Ludwig
- Eissa N. Tony
- Ekmekcioglu Suhendan
- El-Deiry Wafik S.
- Elazar Zvulun
- Elgendy Mohamed
- Ellerby Lisa M.
- Eng Kai Er
- Engelbrecht Anna-Mart
- Engelender Simone
- Erenpreisa Jekaterina
- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi-Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farre Jean-Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G.
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo-Pereira Maria E.
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C.
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D.
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A.
- Fisher Paul B.
- Flajolet Marc
- Flores Juan B. Kouri
- Florez-McClure Maria L.
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
- Fowler Daniel H.
- Fox Howard S.
- Franco Rodrigo
- Frankel Lisa B.
- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes José M.
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
- Fujita Eriko
- Fukuda Mitsunori
- Furukawa Ruth H.
- Fésüs László
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G.
- Gao Fen-Biao
- Gao George F.
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Lorena
- Garcia-Manero Guillermo
- Garcia-Marcos Mikel
- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L.
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R.
- Gegg Matthew E.
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E.
- Gewirtz David A
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- Giammarioli Anna M.
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- Kuan Chia-Yi
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- Kundu Mondira
- Kung Hsing-Jien
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- Kwon Ho Jeong
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- lee Ju-hyun
- Lee Michael
- Lee Myung-Shik
- Lee Sug Hyung
- Leeuwenburgh Christiaan
- Legembre Patrick
- Legouis Renaud
- Lehmann Michael
- Lei Huan-Yao
- Lei Qun-Ying
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- Leiro José
- Lemasters John J.
- Lemoine Antoinette
- Lesniak Maciej S.
- Lev Dina
- Levenson Victor V.
- Levine Beth
- Levy Efrat
- Li Faqiang
- Li Jun-Lin
- Li Lian
- Li Sheng
- Li Weijie
- Li Xue-Jun
- Li Yan-Bo
- Li Yi-Ping
- Liang Chengyu
- Liang Qiangrong
- Liao Yung-Feng
- Liberski Pawel P.
- Lieberman Andrew
- Lim Hyunjung J.
- Lim Kah-Leong
- Lim Kyu
- Lin Chiou-Feng
- Lin Fu-Cheng
- Lin Jian
- Lin Jiandie D.
- Lin Kui
- Lin Wan-Wan
- Lin Weei-Chin
- Lin Yi-Ling
- Linden Rafael
- Lingor Paul
- Lippincott-Schwartz Jennifer
- Lisanti Michael P.
- Liton Paloma B.
- Liu Bo
- Liu Chun-Feng
- Liu Kaiyu
- Liu Leyuan
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- Liu Wei
- Liu Young-Chau
- Liu Yule
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- Lok Chun-Nam
- Lonial Sagar
- Loos Benjamin
- Lopez-Berestein Gabriel
- Lossi Laura
- Lotze Michael T.
- Low Peter
- Lu Binfeng
- Lu Bingwei
- Lu Bo
- Lu Zhen
- Luciano Fréderic
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- Lund Anders H.
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- László Lajos
- López-Otín Carlos
- Ma Yong
- Macian Fernando
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- Madeo Frank
- Maiuri Luigi
- Maiuri Maria Chiara
- Malagoli Davide
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- Malorni Walter
- Man Na
- Mandelkow Eva-Maria
- Manon Stephen
- Manov Irena
- Mao Kai
- Mao Xiang
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- Marambaud Philippe
- Marazziti Daniela
- Marcel Yves L.
- Marchbank Katie
- Marchetti Piero
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- Marcondes Mateus
- Mardi Mohsen
- Marfe Gabriella
- Mariño Guillermo
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- Martinez-Vicente Marta
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- Matarrese Paola
- Matsuo Saburo
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- Merighi Adalberto
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- Meschini Stefania
- Meyer Christian G.
- Meyer Thomas F.
- Miao Chao-Yu
- Miao Jun-Ying
- Michels Paul A.M.
- Michiels Carine
- Mijaljica Dalibor
- Milojkovic Ana
- Minucci Saverio
- Miracco Clelia
- Miranti Cindy K.
- Mitroulis Ioannis
- Miyazawa Keisuke
- Mizushima Noboru
- Mograbi Baharia
- Mohseni Simin
- Molero Xavier
- Mollereau Bertrand
- Mollinedo Faustino
- Momoi Takashi
- Monastyrska Iryna
- Monick Martha M.
- Monteiro Mervyn J.
- Moore Michael N.
- Mora Rodrigo
- Moreau Kevin
- Moreira Paula I.
- Moriyasu Yuji
- Moscat Jorge
- Mostowy Serge
- Mottram Jeremy C
- Motyl Tomasz
- Moussa Charbel E.-H.
- Muller Sylviane
- Murphy Leon O.
- Murphy Maureen E.
- Musarò Antonio
- Mysorekar Indira
- Müller Sylke
- Münger Karl
- Münz Christian
- Nagata Eiichiro
- Nagata Kazuhiro
- Nahimana Aimable
- Nair Usha
- Nakagawa Toshiyuki
- Nakahira Kiichi
- Nakano Hiroyasu
- Nakatogawa Hitoshi
- Nanjundan Meera
- Naqvi Naweed I
- Narendra Derek P.
- Narita Masashi
- Navarro Miguel
- Nawrocki Steffan T.
- Nazarko Taras Y.
- Nemchenko Andriy
- Netea Mihai G.
- Neufeld Thomas P.
- Ney Paul A.
- Nezis Ioannis P.
- Nguyen Huu Phuc
- Nie Daotai
- Nishino Ichizo
- Nislow Corey
- Nixon Ralph A.
- Noda Takeshi
- Noegel Angelika A.
- Nogalska Anna
- Noguchi Satoru
- Notterpek Lucia
- Novak Ivana
- Nozaki Tomoyoshi
- Nukina Nobuyuki
- Nyfeler Beat
- Nürnberger Thorsten
- Obara Keisuke
- Oberley Terry D.
- Oddo Salvatore
- Ogawa Michinaga
- Ohashi Toya
- Okamoto Koji
- Oleinick Nancy L.
- Oliver F. Javier
- Olsen Laura J.
- Olsson Stefan
- Opota Onya
- Osborne Timothy F.
- Ostrander Gary K.
- Otsu Kinya
- Ou Jing-hsiung James
- Ouimet Mireille
- Overholtzer Michael
- Ozpolat Bulent
- Paganetti Paolo
- Pagnini Ugo
- Pallet Nicolas
- Palmer Glen E.
- Palumbo Camilla
- Pan Tianhong
- Panaretakis Theocharis
- Pandey Udai Bhan
- Papackova Zuzana
- Papassideri Issidora
- Paris Irmgard
- Park Junsoo
- Park Ohkmae K.
- Parys Jan B.
- Parzych Katherine R.
- Patschan Susann
- Patterson Cam
- Pattingre Sophie
- Pawelek John M.
- Peng Jianxin
- Perlmutter David H.
- Perrotta Ida
- Perry George
- Pervaiz Shazib
- Peter Matthias
- Peters Godefridus J.
- Petersen Morten
- Petrovski Goran
- Phang James M.
- Piacentini Mauro
- Pierre Philippe
- Pierrefite-Carle Valérie
- Pierron Gérard
- Pinkas-Kramarski Ronit
- Piras Antonio
- Piri Natik
- Platanias Leonidas C.
- Poirot Marc
- Poletti Angelo
- Pozuelo-Rubio Mercedes
- Poüs Christian
- Prasad Anil
- Prescott Mark
- Priault Muriel
- Produit-Zengaffinen Nathalie
- Progulske-Fox Ann
- Proikas-Cezanne Tassula
- Przedborski Serge
- Przyklenk Karin
- Prætorius-Ibba Mette
- Puertollano Rosa
- Puyal Julien
- Pöggeler Stefanie
- Qian Shu-Bing
- Qin Liang
- Qin Zheng-Hong
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- Raben Nina
- Rabinowich Hannah
- Rabkin Simon W.
- Rahman Irfan
- Rami Abdelhaq
- Ramm Georg
- Randall Glenn
- Randow Felix
- Rao V. Ashutosh
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- Ravikumar Brinda
- Ray Swapan K.
- Reed Bruce H.
- Reed John C.
- Reggiori Fulvio
- Reichert Andreas S.
- Reiners Jr., John J.
- Reiter Russel J.
- Ren Jun
- Revuelta José L.
- Rhodes Christopher J.
- Ritis Konstantinos
- Rizzo Elizete
- Robbins Jeffrey
- Roberge Michel
- Roca Hernan
- Roccheri Maria C.
- Rocchi Stephane
- Rodemann H. Peter
- Rodríguez de Córdoba Santiago
- Rohrer Bärbel
- Roninson Igor B.
- Rosen Kirill
- Rost-Roszkowska Magdalena M.
- Rouis Mustapha
- Rouschop Kasper M.A.
- Rovetta Francesca
- Rubin Brian P.
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- Ruckdeschel Klaus
- Rucker Edmund B.
- Rudich Assaf
- Rudolf Emil
- Ruiz-Opazo Nelson
- Russo Rossella
- Rusten Tor Erik
- Ryan Kevin M.
- Ryter Stefan W
- Régnier-Vigouroux Anne
- Sabatini David M.
- Sadoshima Junichi
- Saha Tapas
- Saitoh Tatsuya
- Sakagami Hiroshi
- Sakai Yasuyoshi
- Salekdeh Ghasem Hoseini
- Salomoni Paolo
- Salvaterra Paul M.
- Salvesen Guy
- Salvioli Rosa
- Sanchez Anthony M.J.
- Sandri Marco
- Sankar Uma
- Sansanwal Poonam
- Santambrogio Laura
- Saran Shweta
- Sarkar Sovan
- Sarwal Minnie
- Sasakawa Chihiro
- Sasnauskiene Ausra
- Sass Miklós
- Sato Ken
- Sato Miyuki
- Schapira Anthony H.V.
- Scharl Michael
- Scheper Wiep
- Schiaffino Stefano
- Schneider Claudio
- Schneider Marion E.
- Schneider-Stock Regine
- Schoenlein Patricia V.
- Schorderet Daniel F.
- Schwartz Gary K.
- Schätzl Hermann M.
- Schüller Christoph
- Scorrano Luca
- Sealy Linda
- Seglen Per O
- Segura-Aguilar Juan
- Seiliez Iban
- Seleverstov Oleksandr
- Sell Christian
- Seo Jong Bok
- Separovic Duska
- Setaluri Vijayasaradhi
- Setoguchi Takao
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- Shaulian Eitan
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- Shen Wei-Chiang
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- Shibuya Kenichi
- Shidoji Yoshihiro
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- Sikorska Beata
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- Simmons Alison
- Simon Anna Katharina
- Simon Hans-Uwe
- Simone Cristiano
- Simonsen Anne
- Sinclair David A.
- Singh Rajat
- Sinha Debasish
- Sinicrope Frank A.
- Sirko Agnieszka
- Siu Parco M.
- Sivridis Efthimios
- Skop Vojtech
- Skulachev Vladimir P.
- Slack Ruth S.
- Smaili Soraya S.
- Smith Duncan R.
- Soengas Maria S.
- Soldati Thierry
- Song Xueqin
- Sood Anil K.
- Soong Tuck Wah
- Sotgia Federica
- Spector Stephen A.
- Spies Claudia D.
- Springer Wolfdieter
- Srinivasula Srinivasa M.
- Stefanis Leonidas
- Steffan Joan S.
- Stendel Ruediger
- Stenmark Harald
- Stephanou Anastasis
- Stern Stephan T.
- Sternberg Cinthya
- Stork Björn
- Strålfors Peter
- Subauste Carlos S.
- Sui Xinbing
- Sulzer David
- Sun Jiaren
- Sun Shi-Yong
- Sun Zhi-Jun
- Sung Joseph J.Y.
- Suzuki Kuninori
- Suzuki Toshihiko
- Swanson Michele S.
- Swanton Charles
- Sweeney Sean T.
- Sy Lai-King
- Szabadkai György
- Sánchez-Alcázar José A.
- Sánchez-Prieto Ricardo
- Tabas Ira
- Taegtmeyer Heinrich
- Tafani Marco
- Takano Yoshitaka
- Takegawa Kaoru
- Takemura Genzou
- Takeshita Fumihiko
- Takács-Vellai Krisztina
- Talbot Nicholas J.
- Tan Kevin S.W.
- Tanaka Keiji
- Tanaka Kozo
- Tang Daolin
- Tang Dingzhong
- Tanida Isei
- Tannous Bakhos A.
- Tavernarakis Nektarios
- Taylor Graham S.
- Taylor Gregory A.
- Taylor J. Paul
- Terada Lance S.
- Terman Alexei
- Tettamanti Gianluca
- Thevissen Karin
- Thompson Craig B.
- Thorburn Andrew
- Thumm Michael
- Tian FengFeng
- Tian Yuan
- Tocchini-Valentini Glauco
- Tolkovsky Aviva M.
- Tomino Yasuhiko
- Tooze Sharon A.
- Tournier Cathy
- Tower John
- Towns Roberto
- Trajkovic Vladimir
- Travassos Leonardo H.
- Tsai Ting-Fen
- Tschan Mario P.
- Tsubata Takeshi
- Tsung Allan
- Turk Boris
- Turner Lorianne S.
- Tyagi Suresh C.
- Tönges Lars
- Uchiyama Yasuo
- Ueno Takashi
- Umekawa Midori
- Umemiya-Shirafuji Rika
- Unni Vivek K.
- Vaccaro Maria I.
- Valente Enza Maria
- Van den Berghe Greet
- van der Klei Ida J.
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- van Egmond Marjolein
- van Grunsven Leo A.
- Vandenabeele Peter
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- Vaquero Eva C.
- Velasco Guillermo
- Vellai Tibor
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- Vila Miquel
- Vindis Cécile
- Viola Giampietro
- Viscomi Maria Teresa
- Voitsekhovskaja Olga V.
- von Haefen Clarissa
- Votruba Marcela
- Wada Keiji
- Wade-Martins Richard
- Walker Cheryl L.
- Walsh Craig M.
- Walter Jochen
- Wan Xiang-Bo
- Wang Aimin
- Wang Chenguang
- Wang Dawei
- Wang Fan
- Wang Guanghui
- Wang Haichao
- Wang Hong-Gang
- Wang Horng-Dar
- Wang Jin
- Wang Ke
- Wang Mei
- Wang Richard C.
- Wang Xinglong
- Wang Xiujie J.
- Wang Ying-Jan
- Wang Yipeng
- Wang Zhen-Bo
- Wang Zhigang Charles
- Wang Zhinong
- Wansink Derick G.
- Ward Diane M.
- Watada Hirotaka
- Waters Sarah L.
- Webster Paul
- Wei Lixin
- Weihl Conrad C.
- Weiss William A
- Welford Scott M.
- Wen Long-Ping
- Whitehouse Caroline A.
- Whitton J. Lindsay
- Whitworth Alexander J.
- Wileman Tom
- Wiley John W.
- Wilkinson Simon
- Willbold Dieter
- Williams Roger L.
- Williamson Peter R.
- Wouters Bradly G.
- Wu Chenghan
- Wu Dao-Cheng
- Wu William K.K.
- Wyttenbach Andreas
- Xavier Ramnik J.
- Xi Zhijun
- Xia Pu
- Xiao Gengfu
- Xie Zhiping
- Xie Zhonglin
- Xu Da-zhi
- Xu Jianzhen
- Xu Liang
- Xu Xiaolei
- Yamamoto Ai
- Yamamoto Akitsugu
- Yamashina Shunhei
- Yamashita Michiaki
- Yan Xianghua
- Yanagida Mitsuhiro
- Yang Dun-Sheng
- Yang Elizabeth
- Yang Jin-Ming
- Yang Shi Yu
- Yang Wannian
- Yang Wei Yuan
- Yang Zhifen
- Yao Meng-Chao
- Yao Tso-Pang
- Yeganeh Behzad
- Yen Wei-Lien
- Yin Jia-jing
- Yin Xiao-Ming
- Yoo Ook-Joon
- Yoon Gyesoon
- Yoon Seung-Yong
- Yorimitsu Tomohiro
- Yoshikawa Yuko
- Yoshimori Tamotsu
- Yoshimoto Kohki
- You Ho Jin
- Youle Richard J
- Younes Anas
- Yu Li
- Yu Long
- Yu Seong-Woon
- Yu Wai Haung
- Yuan Zhi-Min
- Yue Zhenyu
- Yun Cheol-Heui
- Yuzaki Michisuke
- Zabirnyk Olga
- Zacks David
- Zacksenhaus Eldad
- Zaffaroni Nadia
- Zakeri Zahra
- Zeh III Herbert J.
- Zeitlin Scott O.
- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hui-Ling
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing-Pu
- Zhang Jue
- Zhang Lin
- Zhang Long
- Zhang Ming-Yong
- Zhang Xu Dong
- Zhao Mantong
- Zhao Yi-Fang
- Zhao Ying
- Zhao Zhizhuang J.
- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Cong-Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
- Zhu Xiongwei
- Zhu Yuangang
- Zoladek Teresa
- Zong Wei-Xing
- Zorzano Antonio
- Zschocke Jürgen
- Zuckerbraun Brian
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/04/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T
- Acevedo Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre Ghiso Julio A
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait Si Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al Younes Hesham M
- Al Zeer Munir A
- Albert Matthew L
- Albin Roger L
- Alegre Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K
- Anoopkumar Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y. O
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- B\ue1nhegyi G\ue1bor
- B\ue9chet Daniel M
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K
- Baehrecke Eric H
- Bahr Ben A
- Bai Xue Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A
- Bampton Edward T. W
- Bartholomew Clinton R
- Bassham Diane C
- Bast Robert C
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro S\ue9bastien
- Bhatia Kissova Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S
- Boise Lawrence H
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C
- Bortoluci Karina R
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Fr\ue9d\ue9ric
- Bourquin Jean Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer Guittaut Micha\uebl
- Bozhkov Peter V
- Brady Nathan R
- BRANCOLINI Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L
- Brookes Paul S
- Brown Eric J
- Brumell John H
- Brunetti Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T
- Bulman Dennis E
- Bultman Scott J
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahov\ue1 Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B
- Carding Simon R
- Cardoso Sandra M
- Carew Jennifer S
- Carlin Cathleen R
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A. M
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han Jung
- Chai Chee Yin
- Chan David C
- Chan Edmond Y
- Chang Raymond Chuen Chung
- Che Chi Ming
- Chen Ching Chow
- Chen Guang Chao
- Chen Guo Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S. L
- Chen Wenli
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H. K
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih Shen
- Chiou Shih Hwa
- Chisari Francis V
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong Hyung
- Choi Augustine M. K
- Choi Dooseok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung Hsien
- Chueh Sheau Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong Joon
- Chye Mee Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R
- Clague Michael J
- Clark Robert S. B
- Clarke Peter G. H
- Clarke Robert
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A
- Colombo Mar\ueda I
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P
- Cregg James M
- Crespo Jos\ue9 L
- Cronj\ue9 Marianne J
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J
- Czaja Mark J
- D'Amelio Marcello
- D\uedaz Araya Guillermo
- D\uedaz Laviada In\ue9s
- Darfeuille Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M
- Davies Faith E
- De Felici Massimo
- de Groot John F
- de Haan Cornelis A. M
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M. D
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel J\uf6rn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
- Desai Shyamal D
- Devenish Rodney J
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz Meco Maria T
- Diaz Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh Kumar Savithramma P
- Ding Wen Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
- Dorsey Frank C
- Dosenko Victor
- Dowling James J
- Doxsey Stephen
- Dreux Marl\ue8ne
- Drew Mark E
- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Edelstein Charles L
- Edinger Aimee L
- Egea Gustavo
- Eichinger Ludwig
- Eissa N. Tony
- Ekmekcioglu Suhendan
- El Deiry Wafik S
- Elazar Zvulun
- Elgendy Mohamed
- Ellerby Lisa M
- Eng Kai Er
- Engelbrecht Anna Mart
- Engelender Simone
- Erenpreisa Jekaterina
- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- F\ue9s\ufcs L\ue1szl\uf3
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farr\ue9 Jean Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo Pereira Maria E
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A
- Fisher Paul B
- Flajolet Marc
- Florez McClure Maria L
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
- Fowler Daniel H
- Fox Howard S
- Franco Rodrigo
- Frankel Lisa B
- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes Jos\ue9 M
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
- Fujita Eriko
- Fukuda Mitsunori
- Furukawa Ruth H
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G
- Gao Fen Biao
- Gao George F
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Manero Guillermo
- Garcia Marcos Mikel
- Garcia Lorena
- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R
- Gegg Matthew E
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E
- Gewirtz David A
- Ghavami Saeid
- Ghosh Pradipta
- Giammarioli Anna M
- Giatromanolaki Alexandra N
- Gibson Spencer B
- Gilkerson Robert W
- Ginger Michael L
- Ginsberg Henry N
- Golab Jakub
- Goligorsky Michael S
- Golstein Pierre
- Gomez Manzano Candelaria
- Goncu Ebru
- Gongora C\ue9line
- Gonz\ue1lez Est\ue9vez Cristina
- Gonz\ue1lez Polo Rosa Ana
- Gonzalez Rey Elena
- Gonzalez Claudio D
- Gonzalez Ramon
- Gorbunov Nikolai V
- Gorski Sharon
- Goruppi Sandro
- Gottlieb Roberta A
- Gozuacik Devrim
- Granato Giovanna Elvira
- Grant Gary D
- Green Kim N
- Gregorc Ale\u161
- Gros Fr\ue9d\ue9ric
- Grose Charles
- Grunt Thomas W
- Gual Philippe
- Guan Jun Lin
- Guan Kun Liang
- Guichard Sylvie M
- Gukovskaya Anna S
- Gukovsky Ilya
- Gunst Jan
- Gustafsson Asa B
- H\ue9bert Marie Jose\ue9
- H\uf6hfeld J\uf6rg
- H\uf8yer Hansen Maria
- Halayko Andrew J
- Hale Amber N
- Halonen Sandra K
- Hamasaki Maho
- Han Feng
- Han Ting
- Hancock Michael K
- Hansen Malene
- Harada Hisashi
- Harada Masaru
- Hardt Stefan E
- Harper J. Wade
- Harris Adrian L
- Harris James
- Harris Steven D
- Hashimoto Makoto
- Haspel Jeffrey A
- Hayashi Shin ichiro
- Hazelhurst Lori A
- He Congcong
- He You Wen
- Heidenreich Kim A
- Helfrich Miep H
- Helgason Gudmundur V
- Henske Elizabeth P
- Herman Brian
- Herman Paul K
- Hetz Claudio
- Hilfiker Sabine
- Hill Joseph A
- Hocking Lynne J
- Hofman Paul
- Hofmann Thomas G
- Holyoake Tessa L
- Hong Ming Huang
- Hood David A
- Hotamisligil G\uf6khan S
- Houwerzijl Ewout J
- Hu Bingren
- Hu Chien An A
- Hu Hong Ming
- Hua Ya
- Huang Canhua
- Huang Ju
- Huang Shengbing
- Huang Wei Pang
- Huber Tobias B
- Huh Won Ki
- Hung Tai Ho
- Hupp Ted R
- Hur Gang Min
- Hurley James B
- Hussain Sabah N. A
- Hussey Patrick J
- Hwang Jung Jin
- Hwang Seungmin
- Ichihara Atsuhiro
- Ilkhanizadeh Shirin
- Inoki Ken
- Into Takeshi
- Iovane Valentina
- Iovanna Juan L
- Ip Nancy Y
- Isaka Yoshitaka
- Ishida Hiroyuki
- Isidoro Ciro
- Isobe Ken ichi
- Iwasaki Akiko
- Izquierdo Marta
- Izumi Yotaro
- J\ue4\ue4ttel\ue4 Marja
- Jaakkola Panu M
- Jackson George R
- Jackson William T
- Janji Bassam
- Jendrach Marina
- Jeon Ju Hong
- Jeung Eui Bae
- Jiang Hong
- Jiang Hongchi
- Jiang Jean X
- Jiang Ming
- Jiang Qing
- Jiang Xuejun
- Jiang Xuejun
- Jim\ue9nez Alberto
- Jin Meiyan
- Jin Shengkan
- Joe Cheol O
- Johansen Terje
- Johnson Daniel E
- Johnson Gail V. W
- Jones Nicola L
- Joseph Bertrand
- Joseph Suresh K
- Joubert Annie M
- Juh\ue1sz G\ue1bor
- Juillerat Jeanneret Lucienne
- Jung Chang Hwa
- Jung Yong Keun
- Kaarniranta Kai
- Kaasik Allen
- Kabuta Tomohiro
- Kadowaki Motoni
- Kagedal Katarina
- Kamada Yoshiaki
- Kaminskyy Vitaliy O
- Kampinga Harm H
- Kanamori Hiromitsu
- Kang Chanhee
- Kang Khong Bee
- Kang Kwang Il
- Kang Rui
- Kang Yoon A
- Kanki Tomotake
- Kanneganti Thirumala Devi
- Kanno Haruo
- Kanthasamy Anumantha G
- Kanthasamy Arthi
- Karantza Vassiliki
- Kaushal Gur P
- Kaushik Susmita
- Kawazoe Yoshinori
- Ke Po Yuan
- Kehrl John H
- Kelekar Ameeta
- Kerkhoff Claus
- Kessel David H
- Khalil Hany
- Kiel Jan A. K. W
- Kiger Amy A
- Kihara Akio
- Kim Deok Ryong
- Kim Do Hyung
- Kim Dong Hou
- Kim Eun Kyoung
- Kim Hyung Ryong
- Kim Jae Sung
- Kim Jeong Hun
- Kim Jin Cheon
- Kim John K
- Kim Peter K
- Kim Seong Who
- Kim Yong Sun
- Kim Yonghyun
- Kimchi Adi
- Kimmelman Alec C
- King Jason S
- Kinsella Timothy J
- Kirkin Vladimir
- Kirshenbaum Lorrie A
- Kitamoto Katsuhiko
- Kitazato Kaio
- Klein Ludger
- Klimecki Walter T
- Klionsky Daniel J
- Klucken Jochen
- Knecht Erwin
- Ko Ben C. B
- Koch Jan C
- Koga Hiroshi
- Koh Jae Young
- Koh Young Ho
- Koike Masato
- Komatsu Masaaki
- Kominami Eiki
- Kong Hee Jeong
- Kong Wei Jia
- Korolchuk Viktor I
- Kotake Yaichiro
- Koukourakis Michael I
- Kouri Flores Juan B
- Kov\ue1cs Attila L
- Kr\ue4mer Helmut
- Kr\ufcger Rejko
- Kraft Claudine
- Krainc Dimitri
- Kretz Remy Carole
- Krichevsky Anna M
- Kroemer Guido
- Krut Oleg
- Ktistakis Nicholas T
- Kuan Chia Yi
- Kucharczyk Roza
- Kumar Ashok
- Kumar Raj
- Kumar Sharad
- Kundu Mondira
- Kung Hsing Jien
- Kurz Tino
- Kwon Ho Jeong
- L\u151w Peter
- L\ue1szl\uf3 Lajos
- L\uf3pez Ot\uedn Carlos
- La Spada Albert R
- Lafont Frank
- Lamark Trond
- Landry Jacques
- Lane Jon D
- Lapaquette Pierre
- Laporte Jocelyn F
- Lavandero Sergio
- Lavoie Jos\ue9e N
- Layfield Robert
- Lazo Pedro A
- Le Cam Laurent
- Le Weidong
- Ledbetter Daniel J
- Lee Alvin J. X
- Lee Byung Wan
- Lee Gyun Min
- Lee Jongdae
- Lee Ju Hyun
- Lee Michael
- Lee Myung Shik
- Lee Sug Hyung
- Leeuwenburgh Christiaan
- Legembre Patrick
- Legouis Renaud
- Lehmann Michael
- Lei Huan Yao
- Lei Qun Ying
- Leib David A
- Leiro Jos\ue9
- Lemasters John J
- Lemoine Antoinette
- Lesniak Maciej S
- Lev Dina
- Levenson Victor V
- Levine Beth
- Levy Efrat
- Li Faqiang
- Li Jun Lin
- Li Lian
- Li Sheng
- Li Weijie
- Li Xue Jun
- Li Yan bo
- Li Yi Ping
- Liang Chengyu
- Liang Qiangrong
- Liao Yung Feng
- Liberski Pawel P
- Lieberman Andrew
- Lim Hyunjung J
- Lim Kah Leong
- Lim Kyu
- Lin Chiou Feng
- Lin Fu Cheng
- Lin Jian
- Lin Jiandie D
- Lin Kui
- Lin Wan Wan
- Lin Weei Chin
- Lin Yi Ling
- Linden Rafael
- Lingor Paul
- Lippincott Schwartz Jennifer
- Lisanti Michael P
- Liton Paloma B
- Liu Bo
- Liu Chun Feng
- Liu Kaiyu
- Liu Leyuan
- Liu Qiong A
- Liu Wei
- Liu Young Chau
- Liu Yule
- Lockshin Richard A
- Lok Chun Nam
- Lonial Sagar
- Loos Benjamin
- Lopez Berestein Gabriel
- Lossi Laura
- Lotze Michael T
- Lu Binfeng
- Lu Bingwei
- Lu Bo
- Lu Zhen
- Luciano Fr\ue9d\ue9ric
- Lukacs Nicholas W
- Lund Anders H
- Lynch Day Melinda A
- M\ufcller Sylke
- M\ufcnger Karl
- M\ufcnz Christian
- Ma Yong
- Macian Fernando
- Mackeigan Jeff P
- Macleod Kay F
- Madeo Frank
- Maiuri Luigi
- Maiuri Maria Chiara
- Malagoli Davide
- Malicdan May Christine V
- Malorni Walter
- Man Na
- Mandelkow Eva Maria
- Manon St\ue9phen
- Manov Irena
- Mao Kai
- Mao Xiang
- Mao Zixu
- Marambaud Philippe
- Marazziti Daniela
- Marcel Yves L
- Marchbank Katie
- Marchetti Piero
- Marciniak Stefan J
- Marcondes Mateus
- Mardi Mohsen
- Marfe Gabriella
- Mari\uf1o Guillermo
- Markaki Maria
- Marten Mark R
- Martin Seamus J
- Martinand Mari Camille
- Martinet Wim
- Martinez Vicente Marta
- Masini Matilde
- Matarrese Paola
- Matsuo Saburo
- Matteoni Raffaele
- Mayer Andreas
- Mazure Nathalie M
- Mcconkey David J
- Mcconnell Melanie J
- Mcdermott Catherine
- Mcdonald Christine
- Mcinerney Gerald M
- Mckenna Sharon L
- Mclaughlin Bethann
- Mclean Pamela J
- Mcmaster Christopher R
- Mcquibban G. Angus
- Meijer Alfred J
- Meisler Miriam H
- Mel\ue9ndez Alicia
- Melia Thomas J
- Melino Gerry
- Mena Maria A
- Menendez Javier A
- Menna Barreto Rubem F. S
- Menon Manoj B
- Menzies Fiona M
- Mercer Carol A
- Merighi Adalberto
- Merry Diane E
- Meschini Stefania
- Meyer Christian G
- Meyer Thomas F
- Miao Chao Yu
- Miao Jun Ying
- Michels Paul A. M
- Michiels Carine
- Mijaljica Dalibor
- Milojkovic Ana
- Minucci Saverio
- Miracco Clelia
- Miranti Cindy K
- Mitroulis Ioannis
- Miyazawa Keisuke
- Mizushima Noboru
- Mograbi Baharia
- Mohseni Simin
- Molero Xavier
- Mollereau Bertrand
- Mollinedo Faustino
- Momoi Takashi
- Monastyrska Iryna
- Monick Martha M
- Monteiro Mervyn J
- Moore Michael N
- Mora Rodrigo
- Moreau Kevin
- Moreira Paula I
- Moriyasu Yuji
- Moscat Jorge
- Mostowy Serge
- Mottram Jeremy C
- Motyl Tomasz
- Moussa Charbel E. H
- Muller Sylviane
- Murphy Leon O
- Murphy Maureen E
- Musar\uf2 Antonio
- Mysorekar Indira
- N\ufcrnberger Thorsten
- Nagata Eiichiro
- Nagata Kazuhiro
- Nahimana Aimable
- Nair Usha
- Nakagawa Toshiyuki
- Nakahira Kiichi
- Nakano Hiroyasu
- Nakatogawa Hitoshi
- Nanjundan Meera
- Naqvi Naweed I
- Narendra Derek P
- Narita Masashi
- Navarro Miguel
- Nawrocki Steffan T
- Nazarko Taras Y
- Nemchenko Andriy
- Netea Mihai G
- Neufeld Thomas P
- Ney Paul A
- Nezis Ioannis P
- Nguyen Huu Phuc
- Nie Daotai
- Nishino Ichizo
- Nislow Corey
- Nixon Ralph A
- Noda Takeshi
- Noegel Angelika A
- Nogalska Anna
- Noguchi Satoru
- Notterpek Lucia
- Novak Ivana
- Nozaki Tomoyoshi
- Nukina Nobuyuki
- Nyfeler Beat
- Obara Keisuke
- Oberley Terry D
- Oddo Salvatore
- Ogawa Michinaga
- Ohashi Toya
- Okamoto Koji
- Oleinick Nancy L
- Oliver F. Javier
- Olsen Laura J
- Olsson Stefan
- Opota Onya
- Osborne Timothy F
- Ostrander Gary K
- Otsu Kinya
- Ou Jing hsiung James
- Ouimet Mireille
- Overholtzer Michael
- Ozpolat Bulent
- P\uf6ggeler Stefanie
- Paganetti Paolo
- Pagnini Ugo
- Pallet Nicolas
- Palmer Glen E
- Palumbo Camilla
- Pan Tianhong
- Panaretakis Theocharis
- Pandey Udai Bhan
- Papackova Zuzana
- Papassideri Issidora
- Paris Irmgard
- Park Junsoo
- Park Ohkmae K
- Parys Jan B
- Parzych Katherine R
- Patschan Susann
- Patterson Cam
- Pattingre Sophie
- Pawelek John M
- Peng Jianxin
- Perlmutter David H
- Perrotta Ida
- Perry George
- Pervaiz Shazib
- Peter Matthias
- Peters Godefridus J
- Petersen Morten
- Petrovski Goran
- Phang James M
- Piacentini Mauro
- Pierre Philippe
- Pierrefite Carle Val\ue9rie
- Pierron G\ue9rard
- Pinkas Kramarski Ronit
- Piras Antonio
- Piri Natik
- Platanias Leonidas C
- Po\ufcs Christian
- Poirot Marc
- Poletti Angelo
- Pozuelo Rubio Mercedes
- Pr\ue6torius Ibba Mette
- Prasad Anil
- Prescott Mark
- Priault Muriel
- Produit Zengaffinen Nathalie
- Progulske Fox Ann
- Proikas Cezanne Tassula
- Przedborski Serge
- Przyklenk Karin
- Puertollano Rosa
- Puyal Julien
- Qian Shu Bing
- Qin Liang
- Qin Zheng Hong
- Quaggin Susan E
- R\ue9gnier Vigouroux Anne
- Raben Nina
- Rabinowich Hannah
- Rabkin Simon W
- Rahman Irfan
- Rami Abdelhaq
- Ramm Georg
- Randall Glenn
- Randow Felix
- Rao V. Ashutosh
- Rathmell Jeffrey C
- Ravikumar Brinda
- Ray Swapan K
- Reed Bruce H
- Reed John C
- Reggiori Fulvio
- Reichert Andreas S
- Reiners John J
- Reiter Russel J
- Ren Jun
- Revuelta Jos\ue9 L
- Rhodes Christopher J
- Ritis Konstantinos
- Rizzo Elizete
- Robbins Jeffrey
- Roberge Michel
- Roca Hernan
- Roccheri Maria C
- Rocchi Stephane
- Rodemann H. Peter
- Rodr\uedguez de C\uf3rdoba Santiago
- Rohrer B\ue4rbel
- Roninson Igor B
- Rosen Kirill
- Rost Roszkowska Magdalena M
- Rouis Mustapha
- Rouschop Kasper M. A
- Rovetta Francesca
- Rubin Brian P
- Rubinsztein David C
- Ruckdeschel Klaus
- Rucker Edmund B
- Rudich Assaf
- Rudolf Emil
- Ruiz Opazo Nelson
- Russo Rossella
- Rusten Tor Erik
- Ryan Kevin M
- Ryter Stefan W
- S\ue1nchez Alc\ue1zar Jos\ue9 A
- S\ue1nchez Prieto Ricardo
- Sabatini David M
- Sadoshima Junichi
- Saha Tapas
- Saitoh Tatsuya
- Sakagami Hiroshi
- Sakai Yasuyoshi
- Salekdeh Ghasem Hoseini
- Salomoni Paolo
- Salvaterra Paul M
- Salvesen Guy
- Salvioli Rosa
- Sanchez Anthony M. J
- Sandri Marco
- Sankar Uma
- Sansanwal Poonam
- Santambrogio Laura
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdelhaq Rami
- Abhinav Diwan
- Abraham Acevedo-Arozena
- Adalberto Merighi
- Adi Kimchi
- Adrian L. Harris
- Agnieszka Sirko
- Ahlberg J
- Ai Yamamoto
- Aimable Nahimana
- Aimee L. Edinger
- Aimin Wang
- Akiko Iwasaki
- Akio Kihara
- Akitsugu Yamamoto
- Aksam EB
- Alan Cheng
- Albert R. La Spada
- Alberto Jiménez
- Alec C. Kimmelman
- Ales Gregorc
- Alessandro Fanzani
- Alexander J. Whitworth
- Alexandra N. Giatromanolaki
- Alexandru Almasan
- Alexei Degterev
- Alexei Terman
- Alfred J. Meijer
- Alicia Meléndez
- Alison Simmons
- Allan B. Caplan
- Allan Tsung
- Allen Kaasik
- Alvin J.X. Lee
- Amal O. Amer
- Amber N. Hale
- Ameeta Kelekar
- Amy A. Kiger
- Ana Brennand
- Ana Coto-Montes
- Ana Maria Cuervo
- Ana Milojkovic
- Anas Younes
- Anastasis Stephanou
- Anders H. Lund
- Andrea Ballabio
- Andreas Brech
- Andreas Mayer
- Andreas S. Reichert
- Andreas Wyttenbach
- Andrei L. Gartel
- Andrew J. Halayko
- Andrew Lieberman
- Andrew Thorburn
- Andriy A. Sibirny
- Andriy Nemchenko
- Angelika A. Noegel
- Angelo De Milito
- Angelo Poletti
- Anil K. Sood
- Anil Prasad
- Ann Progulske-Fox
- Anna Katharina Simon
- Anna M. Giammarioli
- Anna M. Krichevsky
- Anna Nogalska
- Anna S. Gukovskaya
- Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Anne Simonsen
- Annie M. Joubert
- Anthony H.V. Schapira
- Anthony M.J. Sanchez
- Antoinette Lemoine
- Antonio Musarò
- Antonio Piras
- Antonio Zorzano
- Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Arthi Kanthasamy
- Ashok Kumar
- Assaf Rudich
- Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Atsuo Amano
- Attila L. Kovács
- Audrey Esclatine
- Augustine M.K. Choi
- Ausra Sasnauskiene
- Aviva M. Tolkovsky
- Baharia Mograbi
- Bakhos A. Tannous
- Barry Ganetzky
- Bassam Janji
- Beat C. Bornhauser
- Beat Nyfeler
- Beata Sikorska
- Behzad Yeganeh
- Ben A. Bahr
- Ben C.B. Ko
- Benjamin Dehay
- Benjamin Loos
- Berger B
- Bertrand Joseph
- Bertrand Mollereau
- Beth Levine
- BethAnn McLaughlin
- Biederbick A
- Binfeng Lu
- Bingren Hu
- Bingwei Lu
- Biolo G
- Birmingham CL
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- Björn Stork
- Bjørkøy G
- Bo Liu
- Bo Lu
- Boon-Huat Bay
- Boris Turk
- Boris Zhivotovsky
- Bradly G. Wouters
- Brian Herman
- Brian P. Rubin
- Brian Zuckerbraun
- Brigitte Galliot
- Brinda Ravikumar
- Brown CR
- Bruce A. Bamber
- Bruce H. Reed
- Bruno Calabretta
- Bryan Bellaire
- Bulent Ozpolat
- Byung-Wan Lee
- Bärbel Rohrer
- Bélanger M
- Cam Patterson
- Camilla Palumbo
- Camille Martinand-Mari
- Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
- Canhua Huang
- Cantino D
- Carine Michiels
- Carl G. Feng
- Carlos López-Otín
- Carlos S. Subauste
- Carmine Settembre
- Carol A. Mercer
- Carole Kretz-Remy
- Caroline A. Whitehouse
- Catherine McDermott
- Cathleen R. Carlin
- Cathy Tournier
- Caty Casas
- Chan EY
- Chang Hwa Jung
- Changlian Zhu
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- Charbel E.-H. Moussa
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- Charles L. Edelstein
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- Cheryl L. Walker
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- Derick G. Wansink
- Devrim Gozuacik
- Diane C. Bassham
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- Donna Denton
- DooSeok Choi
- Dubuisson JF
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- Ebru Goncu
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- Elaine Silva-Zacarin
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- Eric J. Brown
- Eriko Fujita
- Erwin Knecht
- Eskelinen E-L
- Eui-Bae Jeung
- Eun-Kyoung Kim
- Eva C. Vaquero
- Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- Evelina Gatti
- Ewout J. Houwerzijl
- F. Javier Oliver
- Fabio C. Abdalla
- Fabrizio Condorelli
- Faith E. Davies
- Fan Wang
- Faqiang Li
- Farkas T
- Faustino Mollinedo
- Federica Sotgia
- Felix Randow
- Fen Wang
- Fen-Biao Gao
- Feng Han
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- Frank Lafont
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- Fraser P. Coxon
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- Frédéric Gros
- Fu-Cheng Lin
- Fujii S
- Fukagawa NK
- Fulvio Reggiori
- Fumihiko Takeshita
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- Gail V.W. Johnson
- Galliot B
- Gang Min Hur
- Garber AJ
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- Giusti C
- Glauco Tocchini-Valentini
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- Glenn Randall
- Godefridus J. Peters
- Goncu E
- Goran Petrovski
- Gordon C. Shore
- Gordon PB
- Gordon PB
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- Graham H. Coombs
- Graham S. Taylor
- Greet Van den Berghe
- Gregory A. Taylor
- Guan J
- Guang-Chao Chen
- Guanghui Wang
- Gudmundur V. Helgason
- Guido Kroemer
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- Guillermo Mariño
- Guillermo Velasco
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- Zhen Fan
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- Zheng-Hong Qin
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- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356
- Author
- Abdelmohsen Kotb
- Abe Akihisa
- Abedin Md Joynal
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Adachi Hiroaki
- Adams Christopher M.
- Adams Peter D.
- Adeli Khosrow
- Adhihetty Peter J.
- Adler Sharon G.
- Agam Galila
- Agarwal Rajesh
- Aghi Manish K.
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguilar Patricia V.
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio
- Airoldi Edoardo M.
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akporiaye Emmanuel T.
- Al-Rubeai Mohamed
- Albaiceta Guillermo M.
- Albanese Chris
- Albani Diego
- Albert Matthew L.
- Aldudo Jesus
- Algül Hana
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Alloza Iraide
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Beceril Maylin
- Alnemri Emad S.
- Alonso Covadonga
- Altan-Bonnet Nihal
- Altieri Dario C.
- Alvarez Silvia
- Alvarez-Erviti Lydia
- Alves Sandro
- Amadoro Giuseppina
- Amano Atsuo
- Amantini Consuelo
- Ambrosio Santiago
- Amelio Ivano
- Amer Amal O.
- Amessou Mohamed
- Amon Angelika
- An Zhenyi
- Anania Frank A.
- Andersen Stig U.
- Andley Usha P.
- Andreadi Catherine K.
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Anel Alberto
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Antonioli Manuela
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Aquila Saveria
- Aquilano Katia
- Araki Koichi
- Arama Eli
- Aranda Agustin
- Araya Jun
- Arcaro Alexandre
- Arias Esperanza
- Arimoto Hirokazu
- Ariosa Aileen R.
- Armstrong Jane L.
- Arnould Thierry
- Arozena Abraham Acevedo
- Arsov Ivica
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Askanas Valerie
- Asselin Eric
- Atarashi Ryuichiro
- Atherton Sally S.
- Atkin Julie D.
- Attardi Laura D.
- Auberger Patrick
- Auburger Georg
- Aurelian Laure
- Autelli Riccardo
- Avagliano Laura
- Avantaggiati Maria Laura
- Avrahami Limor
- Awale Suresh
- Azad Neelam
- Bachetti Tiziana
- Backer Jonathan M.
- Bae Dong-Hun
- Bae Jae-Sung
- Bae Ok-Nam
- Bae Soo Han
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Baek Seung-Hoon
- Baghdiguian Stephen
- Bagniewska-Zadworna Agnieszka
- Bai Hua
- Bai Jie
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Balaji Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Balzan Rena
- Banerjee Rajkumar
- Bao Haijun
- Barbato Daniele Lettieri
- Barbeau Benoit
- Barrachina Maria D.
- Barreiro Esther
- Bartel Bonnie
- Bartolomé Alberto
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bassi Maria Teresa
- Bast Robert C.
- Basu Alakananda
- Batista Maria Teresa
- Batoko Henri
- Battino Maurizio
- Bauckman Kyle
- Baumgarner Bradley L.
- Bayer K. Ulrich
- Beale Rupert
- Beaulieu Jean-François
- Beck George R.
- Becker Christoph
- Beckham J. David
- Bednarski Patrick J.
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Behrens Georg M. N.
- Behrns Kevin E.
- Bejarano Eloy
- Belaid Amine
- Belleudi Francesca
- Berchem Guy
- Bergamaschi Daniele
- Bergami Matteo
- Berkhout Ben
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernard Amélie
- Bernard Monique
- Bernassola Francesca
- Bertolotti Anne
- Bess Amanda S.
- Besteiro Sébastien
- Bettuzzi Saverio
- Bhalla Savita
- Bhattacharyya Shalmoli
- Bhutia Sujit K.
- Biagosch Caroline
- Bianchi Michele Wolfe
- Biard-Piechaczyk Martine
- Billes Viktor
- Bincoletto Claudia
- Bingol Baris
- Bird Sara W.
- Bitoun Marc
- Bjedov Ivana
- Blackstone Craig
- Blanc Lionel
- Blanco Guillermo A.
- Blomhoff Heidi Kiil
- Boada-Romero Emilio
- Boes Marianne
- Boesze-Battaglia Kathleen
- Boise Lawrence H.
- Bolino Alessandra
- Boman Andrea
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Bordi Matteo
- Bosch Jürgen
- Botana Luis M.
- Botti Joelle
- Bou German
- Bouchecareilh Marion
- Boucher Marie-Josée
- Bouché Marina
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- Valverde Angela M.
- Van den Berghe Greet
- Van Den Bosch Ludo
- van den Brink Gijs R.
- van der Goot F. Gisou
- van der Klei Ida J.
- van der Laan Luc J. W.
- van Doorn Wouter G.
- van Egmond Marjolein
- van Golen Kenneth L.
- Van Kaer Luc
- Vandenabeele Peter
- Vandenberghe Wim
- Vanhorebeek Ilse
- Varela-Nieto Isabel
- Vasconcelos M. Helena
- Vasko Radovan
- Vavvas Demetrios G.
- Vega-Naredo Ignacio
- Velasco Guillermo
- Velentzas Athanassios D.
- Velentzas Panagiotis D.
- Vellai Tibor
- Vellenga Edo
- Vendelbo Mikkel Holm
- Venkatachalam Kartik
- Ventura Natascia
- Ventura Salvador
- Veras Patrícia S. T.
- Verdier Mireille
- Vertessy Beata G.
- Viale Andrea
- Vidal Michel
- Vieira Helena L. A.
- Vierstra Richard D.
- Vigneswaran Nadarajah
- Vij Neeraj
- Vila Miquel
- Villar Margarita
- Villar Victor H.
- Villarroya Joan
- Vindis Cécile
- Viola Giampietro
- Viscomi Maria Teresa
- Vitale Giovanni
- Vogl Dan T.
- Voitsekhovskaja Olga V.
- von Haefen Clarissa
- von Schwarzenberg Karin
- Voth Daniel E.
- Vouret-Craviari Valérie
- Vuori Kristina
- Vyas Jatin M.
- Váchová Libuše
- Véscovi Eleonora García
- Waeber Christian
- Walker Cheryl Lyn
- Walker Mark J.
- Walter Jochen
- Wan Lei
- Wan Xiangbo
- Wang Bo
- Wang Caihong
- Wang Chao-Yung
- Wang Chengshu
- Wang Chenran
- Wang Chuangui
- Wang Dong
- Wang Fen
- Wang Fuxin
- Wang Guanghui
- Wang Hai-Jie
- Wang Haichao
- Wang Hong-Gang
- Wang Hongmin
- Wang Horng-Dar
- Wang Jing
- Wang Junjun
- Wang Mei
- Wang Mei-Qing
- Wang Pei-Yu
- Wang Peng
- Wang Richard C.
- Wang Shuo
- Wang Ting-Fang
- Wang Xian
- Wang Xiao-Jia
- Wang Xiao-Wei
- Wang Xin
- Wang Xuejun
- Wang Yan
- Wang Yanming
- Wang Ying
- Wang Ying-Jan
- Wang Yipeng
- Wang Yu
- Wang Yu Tian
- Wang Yuqing
- Wang Zhi-Nong
- Wappner Pablo
- Ward Carl
- Ward Diane McVey
- Warnes Gary
- Watada Hirotaka
- Watanabe Yoshihisa
- Watase Kei
- Weaver Timothy E.
- Weekes Colin D.
- Wei Jiwu
- Weide Thomas
- Weihl Conrad C.
- Weindl Günther
- Weis Simone Nardin
- Wen Longping
- Wen Xin
- Wen Yunfei
- Westermann Benedikt
- Weyand Cornelia M.
- White Anthony R.
- White Eileen
- Whitton J. Lindsay
- Whitworth Alexander J.
- Wiels Joëlle
- Wild Franziska
- Wildenberg Manon E.
- Wileman Tom
- Wilkinson Deepti Srinivas
- Wilkinson Simon
- Willbold Dieter
- Williams Chris
- Williams Katherine
- Williamson Peter R.
- Winklhofer Konstanze F.
- Witkin Steven S.
- Wohlgemuth Stephanie E.
- Wollert Thomas
- Wolvetang Ernst J.
- Wong Esther
- Wong G. William
- Wong Richard W.
- Wong Vincent Kam Wai
- Woodcock Elizabeth A.
- Wright Karen L.
- Wu Chunlai
- Wu Defeng
- Wu Gen Sheng
- Wu Jian
- Wu Junfang
- Wu Mian
- Wu Min
- Wu Shengzhou
- Wu William K. K.
- Wu Yaohua
- Wu Zhenlong
- Xavier Cristina P. R.
- Xavier Ramnik J.
- Xia Gui-Xian
- Xia Tian
- Xia Weiliang
- Xia Yong
- Xiao Hengyi
- Xiao Jian
- Xiao Shi
- Xiao Wuhan
- Xie Chuan-Ming
- Xie Zhiping
- Xie Zhonglin
- Xilouri Maria
- Xiong Yuyan
- Xu Chuanshan
- Xu Congfeng
- Xu Feng
- Xu Haoxing
- Xu Hongwei
- Xu Jian
- Xu Jianzhen
- Xu Jinxian
- Xu Liang
- Xu Xiaolei
- Xu Yangqing
- Xu Ye
- Xu Zhi-Xiang
- Xu Ziheng
- Xue Yu
- Yamada Takahiro
- Yamamoto Ai
- Yamanaka Koji
- Yamashina Shunhei
- Yamashiro Shigeko
- Yan Bing
- Yan Bo
- Yan Xianghua
- Yan Zhen
- Yanagi Yasuo
- Yang Dun-Sheng
- Yang Jin-Ming
- Yang Liu
- Yang Minghua
- Yang Pei-Ming
- Yang Peixin
- Yang Qian
- Yang Wannian
- Yang Wei Yuan
- Yang Xuesong
- Yang Yi
- Yang Ying
- Yang Zhifen
- Yang Zhihong
- Yao Meng-Chao
- Yao Pamela J.
- Yao Xiaofeng
- Yao Zhenyu
- Yao Zhiyuan
- Yasui Linda S.
- Ye Mingxiang
- Yedvobnick Barry
- Yeganeh Behzad
- Yeh Elizabeth S.
- Yeyati Patricia L.
- Yi Fan
- Yi Long
- Yin Xiao-Ming
- Yip Calvin K.
- Yoo Yeong-Min
- Yoo Young Hyun
- Yoon Seung-Yong
- Yoshida Ken-Ichi
- Yoshimori Tamotsu
- Young Ken H.
- Yu Huixin
- Yu Jane J.
- Yu Jin-Tai
- Yu Jun
- Yu Li
- Yu W. Haung
- Yu Xiao-Fang
- Yu Zhengping
- Yuan Junying
- Yuan Zhi-Min
- Yue Beatrice Y. J. T.
- Yue Jianbo
- Yue Zhenyu
- Zacks David N.
- Zacksenhaus Eldad
- Zaffaroni Nadia
- Zaglia Tania
- Zakeri Zahra
- Zecchini Vincent
- Zeng Jinsheng
- Zeng Min
- Zeng Qi
- Zervos Antonis S.
- Zhang Donna D.
- Zhang Fan
- Zhang Guo
- Zhang Guo-Chang
- Zhang Hao
- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hongbing
- Zhang Jian
- Zhang Jiangwei
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing-Pu
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Lin
- Zhang Long
- Zhang Ming-Yong
- Zhang Xiangnan
- Zhang Xu Dong
- Zhang Yan
- Zhang Yang
- Zhang Yanjin
- Zhang Yingmei
- Zhang Yunjiao
- Zhao Mei
- Zhao Wei-Li
- Zhao Xiaonan
- Zhao Yan G.
- Zhao Ying
- Zhao Yongchao
- Zhao Yu-Xia
- Zhao Zhendong
- Zhao Zhizhuang J.
- Zheng Dexian
- Zheng Xi-Long
- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Guang-Zhou
- Zhou Guofei
- Zhou Huiping
- Zhou Shu-Feng
- Zhou Xu-Jie
- Zhu Hongxin
- Zhu Hua
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Wenhua
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
- Zhu Yuhua
- Zhuang Shi-Mei
- Zhuang Xiaohong
- Ziparo Elio
- Zois Christos E.
- Zoladek Teresa
- Zong Wei-Xing
- Zorzano Antonio
- Zughaier Susu M.
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2016
- Field of study
non present