2,278 research outputs found
Solving Minimal Residual Methods in with large Exponents
We introduce a numerical scheme that approximates solutions to linear PDE's
by minimizing a residual in the norm with exponents .
The resulting problem is solved by regularized Kacanov iterations, allowing to
compute the solution to the non-linear minimization problem even for large
exponents . Such large exponents remedy instabilities of finite element
methods for problems like convection-dominated diffusion
A Hybrid Differential Evolution Approach to Designing Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Classification
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated their superiority in
image classification, and evolutionary computation (EC) methods have recently
been surging to automatically design the architectures of CNNs to save the
tedious work of manually designing CNNs. In this paper, a new hybrid
differential evolution (DE) algorithm with a newly added crossover operator is
proposed to evolve the architectures of CNNs of any lengths, which is named
DECNN. There are three new ideas in the proposed DECNN method. Firstly, an
existing effective encoding scheme is refined to cater for variable-length CNN
architectures; Secondly, the new mutation and crossover operators are developed
for variable-length DE to optimise the hyperparameters of CNNs; Finally, the
new second crossover is introduced to evolve the depth of the CNN
architectures. The proposed algorithm is tested on six widely-used benchmark
datasets and the results are compared to 12 state-of-the-art methods, which
shows the proposed method is vigorously competitive to the state-of-the-art
algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed method is also compared with a method
using particle swarm optimisation with a similar encoding strategy named IPPSO,
and the proposed DECNN outperforms IPPSO in terms of the accuracy.Comment: Accepted by The Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence 201
A Feature-Based Comparison of Evolutionary Computing Techniques for Constrained Continuous Optimisation
Evolutionary algorithms have been frequently applied to constrained
continuous optimisation problems. We carry out feature based comparisons of
different types of evolutionary algorithms such as evolution strategies,
differential evolution and particle swarm optimisation for constrained
continuous optimisation. In our study, we examine how sets of constraints
influence the difficulty of obtaining close to optimal solutions. Using a
multi-objective approach, we evolve constrained continuous problems having a
set of linear and/or quadratic constraints where the different evolutionary
approaches show a significant difference in performance. Afterwards, we discuss
the features of the constraints that exhibit a difference in performance of the
different evolutionary approaches under consideration.Comment: 16 Pagesm 2 Figure
Interpolation Operator on negative Sobolev Spaces
We introduce a Scott--Zhang type projection operator mapping to Lagrange
elements for arbitrary polynomial order. In addition to the usual properties,
this operator is compatible with duals of first order Sobolev spaces. More
specifically, it is stable in the corresponding negative norms and allows for
optimal rates of convergence. We discuss alternative operators with similar
properties. As applications of the operator we prove interpolation error
estimates for parabolic problems and smoothen rough right-hand sides in a least
squares finite element method
Computational statistics using the Bayesian Inference Engine
This paper introduces the Bayesian Inference Engine (BIE), a general
parallel, optimised software package for parameter inference and model
selection. This package is motivated by the analysis needs of modern
astronomical surveys and the need to organise and reuse expensive derived data.
The BIE is the first platform for computational statistics designed explicitly
to enable Bayesian update and model comparison for astronomical problems.
Bayesian update is based on the representation of high-dimensional posterior
distributions using metric-ball-tree based kernel density estimation. Among its
algorithmic offerings, the BIE emphasises hybrid tempered MCMC schemes that
robustly sample multimodal posterior distributions in high-dimensional
parameter spaces. Moreover, the BIE is implements a full persistence or
serialisation system that stores the full byte-level image of the running
inference and previously characterised posterior distributions for later use.
Two new algorithms to compute the marginal likelihood from the posterior
distribution, developed for and implemented in the BIE, enable model comparison
for complex models and data sets. Finally, the BIE was designed to be a
collaborative platform for applying Bayesian methodology to astronomy. It
includes an extensible object-oriented and easily extended framework that
implements every aspect of the Bayesian inference. By providing a variety of
statistical algorithms for all phases of the inference problem, a scientist may
explore a variety of approaches with a single model and data implementation.
Additional technical details and download details are available from
http://www.astro.umass.edu/bie. The BIE is distributed under the GNU GPL.Comment: Resubmitted version. Additional technical details and download
details are available from http://www.astro.umass.edu/bie. The BIE is
distributed under the GNU GP
The parabolic p-Laplacian with fractional differentiability
Breit D, Diening L, Storn J, Wichmann J. The parabolic p-Laplacian with fractional differentiability. 2020.We study the parabolic p-Laplacian system in a bounded domain. We deduce optimal convergence rates for the space-time discretization based on an implicit Euler scheme in time. Our estimates are expressed in terms of Nikolskii spaces and therefore cover situations when the (gradient of) the solution has only fractional derivatives in space and time. The main novelty is that, different to all previous results, we do not assume any coupling condition between the space and time resolution h and τ. The theoretical error analysis is complemented by numerical experiments
The parabolic p-Laplacian with fractional differentiability
We study the parabolic -Laplacian system in a bounded domain. We deduce
optimal convergence rates for the space-time discretization based on an
implicit Euler scheme in time. Our estimates are expressed in terms of
Nikolskii spaces and therefore cover situations when the (gradient of) the
solution has only fractional derivatives in space and time. The main novelty is
that, different to all previous results, we do not assume any coupling
condition between the space and time resolution and . The theoretical
error analysis is complemented by numerical experiments.Comment: Source file for experiments included in submissio
DET ÄR DE SMÅ TINGEN SOM GÖR DET... Rakknivens respektive pincettens roller och dualism i den nordiska bronsålderns samhälle
ABSTRACT The aim of this essay is to analyze and discuss the razors? and tweezers? roles and dualism between them in the Nordic Bronze Age societies. This paper is an attempt to investigate what these little things can tell us about the people that were buried with them. For this purpose I have examined material of burial that consist of finds of razors respective tweezers and their connection with artefacts in the graves. I have done a comparative and contextual study together using quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate their roles and dualism. Burials from Denmark and Scania are used as examples and to illustrate roles and dualism in the study. My first conclusion is that the tweezer formed a dualism with the razor. The razor shows dualism with the tweezer, but it seems also to have been a complement for several other objects to dualism. The tweezer on other hand seems to create an identity foremost through the razor. My second conclusion is that they have more than one role, which alternate over time. The razor and the tweezer followed the construction of the Bronze Age society and were influenced by the people through their ideology and social values. I discovered that no gravecontext represents one role, instead each grave constructed several roles. Therefore my conclusion is that they have more than a practical function, and through the roles a person got a unique identity and individuality. In my third conclusion I suggest that the shaft of the razor and the neck of the tweezer enabled them to be hung, perhaps on clothing, especially during late Bronze Age. Thus they could have functioned as marks of identity-documents for example a craftsman, tradesman and/or a leader. Finally, they were only found in gravecontext which indicate an identity which was unique
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