Effect of biofertilizers and neem oil on the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana (Bals.) vuill. and metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) sorok.

The in vitro fungitoxic effect of three biofertilizers, E.M.-4, Multibion Ô and Supermagro used in organic agriculture and the neem oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana was studied. These products were mixed in a medium where the two fungi were inoculated, and germination, vegetative growth and conidiogenesis were assessed. The biofertilizers Supermagro and E.M.- 4 showed to be less toxic for the two fungi whereas MultibionÔ caused major inhibition on M. anisopliae, with reductions in germination (-37.74%), colony diameter (-30.26%) and conidiogenesis (-42.62%). Neem oil promoted a larger negative effect on B. bassiana, inhibiting germination (-45.27%), colony diameter (-36.62%) and conidiogenesis (-84.93%)

Potential Use of Antibiotic to Improve Performance of Laboratory-Reared Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Neotropical Entomology 35(2): Potencial de Uso de Antibiótico para Melhorar a Performance de Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Criada em Laboratório RESUMO -O antibiótico estreptomicina adicionado à água de beber na concentração de 125 mg/l acelerou o desenvolvimento ninfal de Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), aumentou a sobrevivência e duplicou a longevidade dos adultos, sem afetar a sobrevivência ninfal e o peso dos adultos, quando comparado aos insetos testemunhas. A estreptomicina apresenta potencial para ser utilizada em sistemas de criação do inseto, em especial no tratamento de insetos coletados no campo, reduzindo a introdução de bactérias potencialmente patogênicas na colônia e melhorando a qualidade geral da criação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Percevejo, criação, antimicrobiano ABSTRACT -The antibiotic streptomycin added to the drinking water at a concentration of 125 mg/ l during nymphal development of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)accelerated the development in ca. 2 days, increased survivorship, and doubled adult longevity; nymph survivorship and adult body weight were not affected when compared to control insects. Streptomycin has potential in rearing N. viridula, especially in improving quality of field-collected adults, by mitigating the introduction of pathogenic bacteria, and improving the quality of the population

EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF CAPSICUM BACCATUM ON MORTALITY AND OVIPOSITION OF Tetranychus ludeni (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)

A preocupação da sociedade com os riscos gerados pelos agrotóxicos, sobre a saúde e o ambiente tem gerado o interesse por formas alternativas de controle, como o uso de extratos vegetais para o controle de artrópodes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar o efeito tóxico do extrato aquoso de pimenta-dedo-de-moça Capsicum baccatum (Magnoliopsida: Solanaceae) sobre o ácaro-vermelho Tetranychus ludeni (Acari: Tetranychidae). Discos foliares de feijão foram mergulhados em extratos de sementes de C. baccatum desidratadas, trituradas, e suspendidas em água destilada, nas concentrações: 0 (controle), 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0 e 8,0 % (dag dm-3). Dez fêmeas adultas de T. ludeni foram colocadas sobre cada disco, e mantidas em sala climatizada (25±2 ºC, fotoperíodo 12 h). Foi avaliada a mortalidade e o número de ovos depositados após 24, 48 e 72 h. A mortalidade não variou entre as concentrações, mas a oviposição do ácaro foi afetada negativamente nas duas maiores concentrações (4 e 8%), reduzindo 25,4% e 34,7%, respectivamente. A pimenta-dedo-de-moça apresenta potencial de uso no controle do ácaro vermelho.Current public concern about the adverse effects of agricultural chemicals on health and the environment has generated interest in alternative control methods, like the botanical extracts active against arthropods. The objective of this work was to assess the toxicity of aqueous pepper extract of Capsicum baccatum (Magnoliopsida: Solanaceae) on the red spider mite Tetranychus ludeni (Acari: Tetranychidae). Seeds of C. baccatum were dried, powdered and suspended in distilled water at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 dag dm-3. common bean leaf discs were dipped in the different concentration of extract. Ten adult females of T. ludeni were placed on each disc, and kept in a room (25 ± 2 º C, photoperiod 12 h). After 24 h, 48 and 72h the mortality and the number of eggs oviposited were assessed. Mortality did not vary among concentrations, but the oviposition was negatively affected in the highest concentrations (4 and 8%) in the order of 25.4% to 34.7% respectively. The seed extract of C. bacattum has a potential use in controlling red spider mite

Patogenicidade do fungo entomopatogênico Beauveria bassiana sobre o percevejo Collaria scenica (Hemiptera: Miridae)Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana against the grass bug Collaria scenica...

O percevejo Collaria scenica (Hemiptera: Miridae) é uma praga de cereais cultivados e pastagens, e o controle microbiano é uma alternativa para manter estas populações abaixo do nível de dano econômico. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a patogenicidade do isolado CG 460 de Beauveria bassiana sobre este percevejo. Insetos adultos foram inoculados em laboratório com cinco concentrações de conídios (1,0x105; 1,0x106; 1,0x107; 1,0x108 e 1,0x109 conídios.mL-1) e alimentados com folhas de trigo. A mortalidade total e confirmada (conidiogênese sobre os insetos mortos) foram avaliadas durante seis dias consecutivos. O isolado apresentou alta capacidade infectiva sobre o mirideo, com mortalidade total variando de 40 a 90%. A mortalidade confirmada apresentou uma correlação linear positiva com a concentração de conídios. A taxa de conidiogênese nas concentrações mais baixas do inoculo foi em torno de 26%, sendo que nas concentrações maiores os valores chegaram a 70%. O tempo letal 50 para a concentração 109 foi de 4,3 dias.Abstract The grass bug, Collaria scenica (Hemiptera: Miridae), is a pest of cereal crops and pastures, and the microbial control is an alternative to maintain the pest population below economic injury level. The present work had the objective to assess the pathogenicity isolate CG460 of Beauveria bassiana against this grass bug. Adult insects had been inoculated in laboratory with five conidia concentrations (1.0x105, 1.0x106, 1.0x107, 1.0x108, 1.0x109 conidia.mL-1), and fed with wheat leaves. Total and confirmed mortality (sporulation on the dead insects) had been assessed during six consecutive days. CG460 showed high virulency on the grass bug, with the total mortality ranged from 40 to 90%. Confirmed mortality presented positive and linear correlation with the conidia concentrations. The conidiogenesis rates in the lowest concentrations of inoculum were around 26%, being that in the highest concentrations the values had arrived 70%. Lethal Time 50 for concentration 109 was 4.3 days

CLIMP-63 is a gentamicin-binding protein that is involved in drug-induced cytotoxicity

Aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity is a major clinical problem. To understand how aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, induce cytotoxicity in the kidney proximal tubule and the inner ear, we identified gentamicin-binding proteins (GBPs) from mouse kidney cells by pulling down GBPs with gentamicin–agarose conjugates and mass spectrometric analysis. Among several GBPs specific to kidney proximal tubule cells, cytoskeleton-linking membrane protein of 63 kDa (CLIMP-63) was the only protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, and was co-localized with gentamicin-Texas Red (GTTR) conjugate after cells were treated with GTTR for 1 h. In western blots, kidney proximal tubule cells and cochlear cells, but not kidney distal tubule cells, exhibited a dithiothreitol (DTT)-resistant dimer band of CLIMP-63. Gentamicin treatment increased the presence of DTT-resistant CLIMP-63 dimers in both kidney proximal (KPT11) and distal (KDT3) tubule cells. Transfection of wild-type and mutant CLIMP-63 into 293T cells showed that the gentamicin-dependent dimerization requires CLIMP-63 palmitoylation. CLIMP-63 siRNA transfection enhanced cellular resistance to gentamicin-induced toxicity, which involves apoptosis, in KPT11 cells. Thus, the dimerization of CLIMP-63 is likely an early step in aminoglycoside-induced cytotoxicity in the kidney and cochlea. Gentamicin also enhanced the binding between CLIMP-63 and 14-3-3 proteins, and we also identified that 14-3-3 proteins are involved in gentamicin-induced cytotoxicity, likely by binding to CLIMP-63

CLIMP-63 is a gentamicin-binding protein that is involved in drug-induced cytotoxicity

Aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity is a major clinical problem. To understand how aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, induce cytotoxicity in the kidney proximal tubule and the inner ear, we identified gentamicin-binding proteins (GBPs) from mouse kidney cells by pulling down GBPs with gentamicin–agarose conjugates and mass spectrometric analysis. Among several GBPs specific to kidney proximal tubule cells, cytoskeleton-linking membrane protein of 63 kDa (CLIMP-63) was the only protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, and was co-localized with gentamicin-Texas Red (GTTR) conjugate after cells were treated with GTTR for 1 h. In western blots, kidney proximal tubule cells and cochlear cells, but not kidney distal tubule cells, exhibited a dithiothreitol (DTT)-resistant dimer band of CLIMP-63. Gentamicin treatment increased the presence of DTT-resistant CLIMP-63 dimers in both kidney proximal (KPT11) and distal (KDT3) tubule cells. Transfection of wild-type and mutant CLIMP-63 into 293T cells showed that the gentamicin-dependent dimerization requires CLIMP-63 palmitoylation. CLIMP-63 siRNA transfection enhanced cellular resistance to gentamicin-induced toxicity, which involves apoptosis, in KPT11 cells. Thus, the dimerization of CLIMP-63 is likely an early step in aminoglycoside-induced cytotoxicity in the kidney and cochlea. Gentamicin also enhanced the binding between CLIMP-63 and 14-3-3 proteins, and we also identified that 14-3-3 proteins are involved in gentamicin-induced cytotoxicity, likely by binding to CLIMP-63

Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in √sNN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and pseudorapidity (Δη) are measured in √sNN=5.02  TeV p+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1  μb-1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy (ΣETPb) summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2<|Δη|<5) “near-side” (Δϕ∼0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing ΣETPb. A long-range “away-side” (Δϕ∼π) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small ΣETPb, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Δη and Δϕ) and ΣETPb dependence. The resultant Δϕ correlation is approximately symmetric about π/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos⁡2Δϕ modulation for all ΣETPb ranges and particle pT

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Measurement of χ c1 and χ c2 production with s√ = 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

The prompt and non-prompt production cross-sections for the χ c1 and χ c2 charmonium states are measured in pp collisions at s√ = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using 4.5 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. The χ c states are reconstructed through the radiative decay χ c → J/ψγ (with J/ψ → μ + μ −) where photons are reconstructed from γ → e + e − conversions. The production rate of the χ c2 state relative to the χ c1 state is measured for prompt and non-prompt χ c as a function of J/ψ transverse momentum. The prompt χ c cross-sections are combined with existing measurements of prompt J/ψ production to derive the fraction of prompt J/ψ produced in feed-down from χ c decays. The fractions of χ c1 and χ c2 produced in b-hadron decays are also measured