Priorities for Pig Research in Southeast Asia and the Pacific to 2010

Livestock Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Psychometric assessment of the short-form Child Perceptions Questionnaire: an international collaborative study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the factor structure and other psychometric characteristics of the most commonly used child oral-health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL) measure (the 16-item short-form CPQ11-14 ) in a large number of children (N = 5804) from different settings and who had a range of caries experience and associated impacts. METHODS: Secondary data analyses used subnational epidemiological samples of 11- to 14-year-olds in Australia (N = 372), New Zealand (three samples: 352, 202, 429), Brunei (423), Cambodia (244), Hong Kong (542), Malaysia (439), Thailand (220, 325), England (88, 374), Germany (1055), Mexico (335) and Brazil (404). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure of the CPQ11-14 across the combined sample and within four regions (Australia/NZ, Asia, UK/Europe and Latin America). Item impact and internal reliability analysis were also conducted. RESULTS: Caries experience varied, with mean DMFT scores ranging from 0.5 in the Malaysian sample to 3.4 in one New Zealand sample. Even more variation was noted in the proportion reporting only fair or poor oral health; this was highest in the Cambodian and Mexican samples and lowest in the German sample and one New Zealand sample. One in 10 reported that their oral health had a marked impact on their life overall. The CFA across all samples revealed two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1. The first involved all items in the oral symptoms and functional limitations subscales; the second involved all emotional well-being and social well-being items. The first was designated the 'symptoms/function' subscale, and the second was designated the 'well-being' subscale. Cronbach's alpha scores were 0.72 and 0.84, respectively. The symptoms/function subscale contained more of the items with greater impact, with the item 'Food stuck in between your teeth' having greatest impact; in the well-being subscale, the 'Felt shy or embarrassed' item had the greatest impact. Repeating the analyses by world region gave similar findings. CONCLUSION: The CPQ11-14 performed well cross-sectionally in the largest analysis of the scale in the literature to date, with robust and mostly consistent psychometric characteristics, albeit with two underlying factors (rather than the originally hypothesized four-factor structure). It appears to be a sound, robust measure which should be useful for research, practice and policy

Accumulation of anthocyanins and characteristics of fruits of blood oranges during cold storage

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o conteúdo de antocianinas no suco e as características físicas e químicas dos frutos de oito variedades de laranjas sanguíneas e de laranja Valência, e, também, verificar os efeitos do armazenamento dos frutos a 10ºC, durante um período de até 60 dias, nos parâmetros avaliados. Os teores de antocianina foram determinados utilizando-se de um método espectrofotométrico, assim como dez características físicas e químicas dos frutos e dos sucos foram avaliadas antes e durante o armazenamento. Todas as variedades de laranja avaliadas apresentaram naturalmente baixos teores ou nenhum teor de antocianina no suco. O armazenamento durante um período de até 60 dias, em baixa temperatura, possibilitou acúmulo significativo de antocianina no suco, porém de maneira desigual nas variedades de laranjas sanguíneas testadas. As variedades Moro foram as que apresentaram suco contendo os maiores teores de antocianina no final do armazenamento. À exceção de duas variedades, Sanguinelli (Marrocos e Polidari), as demais variedades sanguíneas avaliadas podem ser consideradas como semelhantes entre si e adequadas ao consumo. O armazenamento dos frutos a 10ºC, durante o período máximo de 60 dias, alterou significativamente somente as variáveis: largura de frutos, teor de SS, acidez e o rendimento de suco.The aim of this study was to assess the content of anthocyanins in the juice and the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruit of eight blood orange varieties and of orange Valencia, and also verify the effects of storage of fruits at 10ºC, for a period of up to 60 days, in the same parameters. The anthocyanin content was determined using a spectrofotometric method and ten physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits and juice were also evaluated before and during the storage. Under natural conditions all varieties showed fruits with low anthocyanin content in the juice. Cold storage during a period of up to 60 days enables a significant accumulation of anthocyanin in the juice, but in a different level in the evaluated blood orange varieties. Moro is the variety that showed the highest anthocyanin content in the end of the storage period. Except for two Sanguinelli varieties (Morocco and Polidari), the other varieties can be considered as similar as others and suitable for consumption. The storage of fruits to 10ºC during the maximum period of 60 days significantly modifies only fruit width, juice content in fruits, soluble solids content and acidity of the juice

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

SRAO CO Observation of 11 Supernova Remnants in l = 70 to 190 deg

We present the results of 12CO J = 1-0 line observations of eleven Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) obtained using the Seoul Radio Astronomy Observatory (SRAO) 6-m radio telescope. The observation was made as a part of the SRAO CO survey of SNRs between l = 70 and 190 deg, which is intended to identify SNRs interacting with molecular clouds. The mapping areas for the individual SNRs are determined to cover their full extent in the radio continuum. We used halfbeam grid spacing (60") for 9 SNRs and full-beam grid spacing (120") for the rest. We detected CO emission towards most of the remnants. In six SNRs, molecular clouds showed a good spatial relation with their radio morphology, although no direct evidence for the interaction was detected. Two SNRs are particularly interesting: G85.4+0.7, where there is a filamentary molecular cloud along the radio shell, and 3C434.1, where a large molecular cloud appears to block the western half of the remnant. We briefly summarize the results obtained for individual SNRs.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science. 12 pages, 12 figures, and 3 table

Measurement of D*+/- meson production in jets from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper reports a measurement of D*+/- meson production in jets from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The measurement is based on a data sample recorded with the ATLAS detector with an integrated luminosity of 0.30 pb^-1 for jets with transverse momentum between 25 and 70 GeV in the pseudorapidity range |eta| < 2.5. D*+/- mesons found in jets are fully reconstructed in the decay chain: D*+ -> D0pi+, D0 -> K-pi+, and its charge conjugate. The production rate is found to be N(D*+/-)/N(jet) = 0.025 +/- 0.001(stat.) +/- 0.004(syst.) for D*+/- mesons that carry a fraction z of the jet momentum in the range 0.3 < z < 1. Monte Carlo predictions fail to describe the data at small values of z, and this is most marked at low jet transverse momentum.Comment: 10 pages plus author list (22 pages total), 5 figures, 1 table, matches published version in Physical Review

Adsorption Of Cadmium And Copper In Representative Soils Of Eastern Amazonia, Brazil

Studies of heavy metals adsorption in soil play a key role in predicting environmental susceptibility to contamination by toxic elements. The objective of this study was to evaluate cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) adsorption in surface and subsurface soil. Samples of six soils: Xanthic Hapludox (XH1 and XH2), Typic Hapludox (TH), Typic Rhodudalf (TR), Typic Fluvaquent (TF), and Amazonian dark earths (ADE) from Eastern Amazonian, Brazil. The soils were selected for chemical, physical and mineralogical characterization and to determine the adsorption by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. All soils characterized as kaolinitic, and among them, XH1 and XH2 showed the lowest fertility. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms revealed a higher Cu (H curve) than Cd (L curve) adsorption. Parameters of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms indicate that soils TR, TF and ADE has the greatest capacity and affinity for metal adsorption. Correlation between the curve adsorption parameters and the soil attributes indicates that the pH, CEC, OM and MnO variables had the best influence on metal retention. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms satisfactorily described Cu and Cd soil adsorption, where TR, TF and ADE has a lower vulnerability to metal input to the environment. Besides the pH, CEC and OM the MnO had a significant effect on Cu and Cd adsorption in Amazon soils.3753005301

Cracks in Martensite Plates as Hydrogen Traps in a Bearing Steel

It is demonstrated that a macroscopically homogeneous distribution of tiny cracks introduced into a martensitic bearing steel sample can provide powerful hydrogen traps. The phenomenon has been investigated through thermal desorption spectroscopy and hydrogen permeation measurements using both cracked and integral samples. The e↵ective hydrogen di↵usion coefficient through the cracked sample is found to be far less than in the uncracked one. Similarly, when samples are charged with hydrogen, and then subjected to thermal desorption analysis, the amount of hydrogen liberated from the cracked sample is smaller due to the trapping by the cracks. Theoretical analysis of the data shows that the traps due to cracks are so strong, that any hydrogen within the cracks can never in practice de-trap and cause harm by mechanisms that require the hydrogen to be mobile for the onset of embrittlement.W. Solano-Alvarez is very grateful for support from the Worshipful Company of Ironmongers, CONACyT, the Cambridge Overseas Trust, and the Roberto Rocca Education Programme.This is the accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2680-8

Search for supersymmetry in final states with jets, missing transverse momentum and one isolated lepton in sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp collisions using 1 fb-1 of ATLAS data

We present an update of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum, and one isolated electron or muon, using 1.04 fb^-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in the first half of 2011. The analysis is carried out in four distinct signal regions with either three or four jets and variations on the (missing) transverse momentum cuts, resulting in optimized limits for various supersymmetry models. No excess above the standard model background expectation is observed. Limits are set on the visible cross-section of new physics within the kinematic requirements of the search. The results are interpreted as limits on the parameters of the minimal supergravity framework, limits on cross-sections of simplified models with specific squark and gluino decay modes, and limits on parameters of a model with bilinear R-parity violation.Comment: 18 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 9 figures, 4 tables, final version to appear in Physical Review