Long-term administration of prolactin or testosterone induced similar precancerous prostate lesions in rats

Evidence indicates that prolactin plays a crucial role in the normal function and development of the prostate, but abnormal high levels of the hormone are associated with hyperplasia and cancer of the gland. Aims: The present study was designed to describe the progressive specific histological abnormalities in the prostate of rats with chronic hyperprolactinemia. Material and Methods: Prolactin was administered during 4; 12 or 24 weeks, and the resulting prostatic alterations were compared with control rats, and also with those treated with testosterone, or the combination of prolactin + testosterone. Results: Rats treated with prolactin, testosterone or prolactin + testosterone expressed precancerous histological abnormalities in the dorsolateral and ventral portions of the prostate as early as in 4 weeks of treatment, but in all cases the malignancy increased after 12 or 24 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Our study confirms that chronic hyperprolactinemia is a cause of prostate precancerous pathologies. Key Words: prolactin, prostate, cancer, dysplasia, testosterone

Extendibility of bilinear forms on banach sequence spaces

[EN] We study Hahn-Banach extensions of multilinear forms defined on Banach sequence spaces. We characterize c(0) in terms of extension of bilinear forms, and describe the Banach sequence spaces in which every bilinear form admits extensions to any superspace.The second author was supported by MICINN Project MTM2011-22417.DANIEL CARANDO; Sevilla Peris, P. (2014). Extendibility of bilinear forms on banach sequence spaces. Israel Journal of Mathematics. 199(2):941-954. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11856-014-0003-9S9419541992F. Albiac and N. J. Kalton, Topics in Banach Space Theory, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Vol. 233, Springer, New York, 2006.R. Arens, The adjoint of a bilinear operation, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 2 (1951), 839–848.R. Arens, Operations induced in function classes, Monatshefte für Mathematik 55 (1951), 1–19.R. M. Aron and P. D. Berner, A Hahn-Banach extension theorem for analytic mappings, Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France 106 (1978), 3–24.S. Banach, Sur les fonctionelles linéaires, Studia Mathematica 1 (1929), 211–216.S. Banach, Théorie des opérations linéaires, (Monogr. Mat. 1) Warszawa: Subwncji Funduszu Narodowej. VII, 254 S., Warsaw, 1932.D. Carando, Extendible polynomials on Banach spaces, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 233 (1999), 359–372.D. Carando, Extendibility of polynomials and analytic functions on l p, Studia Mathematica 145 (2001), 63–73.D. Carando, V. Dimant and P. Sevilla-Peris, Limit orders and multilinear forms on lp spaces, Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences 42 (2006), 507–522.J. M. F. Castillo, R. García, A. Defant, D. Pérez-García and J. Suárez, Local complementation and the extension of bilinear mappings, Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 152 (2012), 153–166.J. M. F. Castillo, R. García and J. A. Jaramillo, Extension of bilinear forms on Banach spaces, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 129 (2001), 3647–3656.P. Cembranos and J. Mendoza, The Banach spaces ℓ ∞(c 0) and c 0(ℓ ∞) are not isomorphic, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 367 (2010), 461–463.A. Defant and K. Floret, Tensor Norms and Operator Ideals, North-Holland Mathematics Studies, Vol. 176, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1993.A. Defant and C. Michels, Norms of tensor product identities, Note di Matematica 25 (2005/06), 129–166.J. Diestel, H. Jarchow and A. Tonge, Absolutely Summing Operators, Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics, Vol. 43, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995.D. J. H. Garling, On symmetric sequence spaces, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society (3) 16 (1966), 85–106.A. Grothendieck, Résumé de la théorie métrique des produits tensoriels topologiques, Bol. Soc. Mat. São Paulo 8 (1953), 1–79.H. Hahn, Über lineare Gleichungssysteme in linearen Räumen, Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik 157 (1927), 214–229.R. C. James, Bases and reflexivity of Banach spaces, Annals of Mathematics (2) 52 (1950), 518–527.H. Jarchow, C. Palazuelos, D. Pérez-García and I. Villanueva, Hahn-Banach extension of multilinear forms and summability, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 336 (2007), 1161–1177.W. B. Johnson and L. Tzafriri, On the local structure of subspaces of Banach lattices, Israel Journal of Mathematics 20 (1975), 292–299.P. Kirwan and R. A. Ryan, Extendibility of homogeneous polynomials on Banach spaces, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 126 (1998), 1023–1029.J. Lindenstrauss and A. Pełczyński, Absolutely summing operators in Lp-spaces and their applications, Studia Mathematica 29 (1968), 275–326.J. Lindenstrauss and L. Tzafriri, Classical Banach Spaces. II, Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete [Results in Mathematics and Related Areas], Vol. 97, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1979. Function spaces.G. Pisier, Factorization of Linear Operators and Geometry of Banach Spaces, CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics, Vol. 60, Published for the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences, Washington, DC, 1986.M. Fernndez-Unzueta and A. Prieto, Extension of polynomials defined on subspaces, Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 148 (2010), 505–518.W. L. C. Sargent, Some sequence spaces related to the lp spaces, Journal of the London Mathematical Society 35 (1960), 161–171.N. Tomczak-Jaegermann, Banach-Mazur Distances and Finite-Dimensional Operator Ideals, Pitman Monographs and Surveys in Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 38, Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, 1989

80Se(n,?) cross-section measurement at CERN n TOF

Radiative neutron capture cross section measurements are of fundamental importance for the study of the slow neutron capture (s-) process of nucleosynthesis. This mechanism is responsible for the formation of most elements heavier than iron in the Universe. Particularly relevant are branching nuclei along the s-process path, which are sensitive to the physical conditions of the stellar environment. One such example is the branching at $^{79}$Se (3.27 × 10$^{5}$ y), which shows a thermally dependent β-decay rate. However, an astrophysically consistent interpretation requires also the knowledge of the closest neighbour isotopes involved. In particular, the $^{80}$Se(n,γ) cross section directly affects the stellar yield of the "cold" branch leading to the formation of the s-only $^{82}$Kr. Experimentally, there exists only one previous measurement on $^{80}$Se using the time of flight (TOF) technique. However, the latter suffers from some limitations that are described in this presentation. These drawbacks have been significantly improved in a recent measurement at CERN n TOF. This contribution presents a summary of the latter measurement and the status of the data analysis

Neutron capture measurement at the n TOF facility of the 204Tl and 205Tl s-process branching points

Neutron capture cross sections are one of the fundamental nuclear data in the study of the s (slow) process of nucleosynthesis. More interestingly, the competition between the capture and the decay rates in some unstable nuclei determines the local isotopic abundance pattern. Since decay rates are often sensible to temperature and electron density, the study of the nuclear properties of these nuclei can provide valuable constraints to the physical magnitudes of the nucleosynthesis stellar environment. Here we report on the capture cross section measurement of two thallium isotopes, $^{204}$Tl and $^{205}$Tl performed by the time-of-flight technique at the n TOF facility at CERN. At some particular stellar s-process environments, the decay of both nuclei is strongly enhanced, and determines decisively the abundance of two s-only isotopes of lead, $^{204}$Pb and $^{205}$Pb. The latter, as a long-lived radioactive nucleus, has potential use as a chronometer of the last s-process events that contributed to final solar isotopic abundances

Search for the bcb_c meson in hadronic Z decays

A search for the Bc meson decaying into the channels J/psi pi+ and J/psi l nu (l = e or mu) is performed in a sample of 3.9 million hadronic Z decays collected by the ALEPH detector. This search results in the observation of 0 and 2 candidates in each of these channels, respectively, while 0.44 and 0.81 background events are expected. The following 90\% confidence level upper limits are derived: Br(Z->Bc X)/Br(Z->q q )*Br(Bc->J/psi pi+) 3.6 10^-5 Br(Z->Bc X)/Br(Z->q q )*Br(Bc->J/psi l nu) 5.2 10^-5 An additional Bc->J/psi(e+e-) mu nu candidate with very low background probability, found in an independent analysis, is also described in detail

Search for Supersymmetry in pp Collisions at root s=13 TeV in the Single-Lepton Final State Using the Sum of Masses of Large-Radius Jets

Peer reviewe

Measurement of the B-+/- Meson Nuclear Modification Factor in Pb-Pb Collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Peer reviewe

Study of muon-pair production at centre-of-mass energies from 20 to 136 GeV with the Aleph detector

The total cross section and the forward-backward asymmetry for the process $e^+ e^- \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- (n \gamma)$ are measured in the energy range 20-136 GeV by reconstructing the effective centre-of-mass energy after initial state radiation. The analysis is based on the data recorded with the ALEPH detector at LEP between 1990 and 1995, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 143.5 $\mathrm{pb}^{-1}$. Two different approaches are used: in the first one an exclusive selection of events with hard initial state radiation in the energy range 20-88 GeV is directly compared with the Standard Model predictions showing good agreement. In the second one, all events are used to obtain a precise measurement of the energy dependence of $\sigma^0$ and $A_{\mathrm{FB}}^0$ from a model independent fit, enabling constraints to be placed on models with extra Z bosons

Interpreting the Hours-Technology Time-Varying Relationship

We investigate the time variation in the correlation between hours and technology shocks using a structural business cycle model. We propose an RBC model with a Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) production function that allows for capital- and labor-augmenting technology shocks. We estimate the model using US data with Bayesian techniques. In the full sample, we find (i) evidence in favor of a less than unitary elasticity of substitution (rejecting Cobb-Douglas) and (ii) a sizable role for capital augmenting shock for business cycles fluctuations. In rolling sub-samples, we document that the impact of technology shocks on hours worked varies over time and switches from negative to positive towards the end of the sample. We argue that this change is due to the increase in the elasticity of factor substitution. That is, labor and capital became less complementary throughout the sample inducing a change in the sign and size of the the response of hours. We conjecture that this change may have been induced by a change in the skill composition of the labor input

LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF PROLACTIN OR TESTOSTERONE INDUCED SIMILAR PRECANCEROUS PROSTATE LESIONS IN RATS

Evidence indicates that prolactin plays a crucial role in the normal function and development of the prostate, but abnormal high levels of the hormone are associated with hyperplasia and cancer of the gland. Aims: The present study was designed to describe the progressive specific histological abnormalities in the prostate of rats with chronic hyperprolactinemia. Material and Methods: Prolactin was administered during 4; 12 or 24 weeks, and the resulting prostatic alterations were compared with control rats, and also with those treated with testosterone, or the combination of prolactin + testosterone. Results: Rats treated with prolactin, testosterone or prolactin + testosterone expressed precancerous histological abnormalities in the dorsolateral and ventral portions of the prostate as early as in 4 weeks of treatment, but in all cases the malignancy increased after 12 or 24 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Our study confirms that chronic hyperprolactinemia is a cause of prostate precancerous pathologies. Key Words: prolactin, prostate, cancer, dysplasia, testosterone