INTERNAÇÕES HOSPITALARES E MORTALIDADE POR SÍNDROME RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE OS PERÍODOS PRÉ-PANDÊMICO E PANDÊMICO

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and the factors associated with mortality of cases hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in a health region, in pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Methods: A retrospective documentary study of epidemiological surveillance carried out with secondary data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, regarding the cases of patients belonging to a health region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Results: During the pandemic period, there was an increase in the number of hospitalizations and deaths due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, in addition to diferences between socioemographic and clinical-epidemiological characteristics. In both periods, the age and the use of invasive ventilatory support were the predictors of hospital mortality. The mortality in the pandemic period was also associated with male gender, presence of risk factors, admission to an intensive care unit, use of non-invasive ventilatory support and infection by COVID-19. Conclusions: In 2020, the detection rate of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome was 21 times higher than in 2019 and new symptoms, such as anosmia and ageusia, were included in their investigation. In both periods evaluated, elderly patients and patients on invasive mechanical ventilation had a higher risk of mortality. With the pandemic, there was a greater number of hospitalizations and factors associated with mortality.Objetivo: Analisar as características e os fatores associados à mortalidade dos casos hospitalizados por Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave em uma regional de saúde, nos períodos pré-pandêmico e pandêmico. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo documental de vigilância epidemiológica realizado com dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe, referentes aos casos de pacientes pertencentes a uma regional de saúde de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Resultados: Observou-se, no período pandêmico, aumento do número de hospitalizações e óbitos por Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, além de diferenças entre as características sociodemográficas e clínico-epidemiológicas. Em ambos os períodos, comportaram-se como preditores da mortalidade hospitalar, a idade e o uso de suporte ventilatório invasivo. A mortalidade no período pandêmico se associou também ao sexo masculino, presença de fatores de risco, internação em unidade de terapia intensiva, uso de suporte ventilatório não invasivo e infecção por COVID-19. Conclusões: Em 2020, a taxa detecção de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave foi 21 vezes maior do que em 2019 e novos sintomas, como a anosmia e ageusia, foram incluídos em sua investigação. Nos dois períodos avaliados, pacientes idosos e em ventilação mecânica invasiva apresentaram maior risco de mortalidade. Com a pandemia, houve maior número de hospitalizações e fatores associados à mortalidade

Completude das notificações de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no âmbito nacional e em uma regional de saúde de Minas Gerais, durante a pandemia de COVID-19, 2020

Objective: To analyze the completeness of notifications of cases of severe acute respiratory illness from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Gripe) during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the national database and in a regional database in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2020. Methods: Descriptive study of the completeness of sociodemographic variables and those related to the etiology, clinical condition, evolution and diagnostic criteria of SIVEP-Influenza. Completeness was classified as excellent (greater than 95%), good (90 to 95%), fair (80 to 90%), poor (50 to 80%), and very poor (less than 50%). Results: The percentage of variables with excellent completeness was only 18.1% in the national database and 27.8% in the regional database. Conclusion: Low completeness of both SIVEP-Gripe databases was evidenced, making it necessary to improve the work process and routine training of professionals for the correct completion.Objetivo: Analizar la completitud de las notificaciones de casos de síndrome respiratorio agudo severo del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Influenza (SIVEP-Gripe) durante la pandemia de COVID-19, en la base de datos nacional y en una base de datos regional de salud en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, en 2020. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de la completitud de las variables sociodemográficas y las relacionadas con la etiología, cuadro clínico, evolución y criterios diagnósticos del SIVEP-Influenza. La exhaustividad se clasificó como excelente (más grande que 95%), buena (90 a 95%), regular (80 a 90%), mala (50 a 80%) y muy mala (menos que 50%). Resultados: El porcentaje de variables con excelente completitud fue solo del 18,1% en la base de datos nacional y del 27,8% en la base de datos regional. Conclusión: Se evidenció la baja completitud de ambas bases de datos SIVEP-Gripe, siendo necesario mejorar el proceso de trabajo y la rutina de capacitación de los profesionales para el correcto llenado.Objetivo: Analisar a completude das notificações de casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no Sistema de Informação de Vigilência Epidemiológica da Gripo (SIVEP Gripe) durante a pandemia de COVID-19, na base de dados nacional e na base da Unidade Regional de Saúde do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2020. Métodos: Estudo descritivo da completude das variáveis sociodemográficas e das relativas à etiologia, condição clínica, evolução e critérios diagnósticos do SIVEP-Gripe. O nível de completude foi classificado como excelente (>95%), bom (90 a 95%), regular (80 a 90%), ruim (50 a 80%) ou muito ruim (<50%). Resultados: O percentual de variáveis com completudo excelente foi de apenas 18,1% na base de dados nacional, e de 27,8% na base de dados regional. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se baixa completude de ambas bases dados do SIVEP-Gripe, tornando-se necessários aperfeiçoamentos no processo de trabalho e capacitações rotineiras dos profissionais para o correto preenchimento

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia

Search for anomalous production of events with three or more leptons in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.A search for physics beyond the standard model in events with at least three leptons is presented. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb-1 of proton-proton collisions with center-of-mass energy s=8TeV, was collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data are divided into exclusive categories based on the number of leptons and their flavor, the presence or absence of an opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pair (OSSF), the invariant mass of the OSSF pair, the presence or absence of a tagged bottom-quark jet, the number of identified hadronically decaying τ leptons, and the magnitude of the missing transverse energy and of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta. The numbers of observed events are found to be consistent with the expected numbers from standard model processes, and limits are placed on new-physics scenarios that yield multilepton final states. In particular, scenarios that predict Higgs boson production in the context of supersymmetric decay chains are examined. We also place a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.3% on the branching fraction for the decay of a top quark to a charm quark and a Higgs boson (t→cH), which translates to a bound on the left- and right-handed top-charm flavor-violating Higgs Yukawa couplings, λtcH and λctH, respectively, of |λtcH|2+|λctH|2<0.21

Measurement of associated W plus charm production in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

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