PENGARUH PRODUCT QUALITY, SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING, DAN PERCEIVED VALUE TERHADAP PURCHASE DECISION (STUDI PADA PENGGUNA PRODUK SMARTPHONE REALME DI DKI JAKARTA)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung product quality, social media marketing, dan perceived value terhadap purchase decision, serta pengaruh tidak langsung product quality dan social media marketing terhadap purchase decision melalui perceived value. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan menyebarkan instrumen kuesioner. Objek penelitian ini adalah responden yang merupakan pengguna produk sekaligus pengikut media sosial dari Realme. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 249 orang. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan SEM dengan dibantu oleh aplikasi SPSS Versi 25.0 dan Lisrel 8.8. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh hubungan positif dan signifikan pada semua hipotesis. This study aims to determine the effect of product quality, social media marketing, and perceived value on purchase decisions, and the indirect effect of product quality and social media marketing on purchase decisions through perceived value.This research uses quantitative methods. The data collection method in this study used a survey method by distributing questionnaire instruments. The object of this research is respondents who are product users as well as social media followers from Realme. The number of respondents in this study were 249 people. The data analysis technique in this study will be analyzed using the SEM assisted by the SPSS Version 25.0 and Lisrel 8.8 applications. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship on all hypotheses

PENGARUH PRODUCT QUALITY, SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING, DAN PERCEIVED VALUE TERHADAP PURCHASE DECISION (STUDI PADA PENGGUNA PRODUK SMARTPHONE REALME DI DKI JAKARTA)

Kevin Arya Chandra, 2022: Pengaruh Product Quality, Social Media Marketing, dan Perceived Value Terhadap Purchase Decision (Studi pada Pengguna Produk Smartphone Realme di DKI Jakarta). Skripsi, Jakarta: Program Studi S1 Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Tim Pembimbing: Agung Kresnamurti Rivai P, S.T., M.M & Dewi Agustin Pratama Sari, S.E., M.Sc. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung product quality, social media marketing, dan perceived value terhadap purchase decision, serta pengaruh tidak langsung product quality dan social media marketing terhadap purchase decision melalui perceived value. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan menyebarkan instrumen kuesioner. Objek penelitian ini adalah responden yang merupakan pengguna produk sekaligus pengikut media sosial dari Realme. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 249 orang. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan SEM dengan dibantu oleh aplikasi SPSS Versi 25.0 dan Lisrel 8.8. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh hubungan positif dan signifikan pada semua hipotesis. Kata kunci: Product Quality, Social Media Marketing, Perceived Value, Purchase Decisio

Investigation of Customer Satisfaction on Damri Bus Services at Soekarno-Hatta Airport

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the direct effect of service quality, trust, and price perception on customer satisfaction, and to determine the indirect effect of service quality, trust, and perceived value on customer satisfaction through service quality, trust, and perception of prices for Damri Bus passengers at Soekarno Airport.   Theoretical framework: This study uses quantitative methods. The number of samples in this study were 239 respondents from Damri Bus passengers at Soekarno Hatta Airport.   Methodology/Approach: The data collection technique used in this research is by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis in this study used SEM techniques assisted by SPSS 25.0 and LISREL 8.8 applications.   Findings: The results of this study indicate that service quality, trustworthiness, and price perception have a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction. Service quality has no positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction through price perception. Service quality has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction through trust.   Research, Practical & Social implications: Trust has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction through price perception. Trust has no positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction through service quality. Price perception has no positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction through service quality. Price perception has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction through trust

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings: Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation: As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and developm nt investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licens

Reflections on Standards for Responsible – and High-Quality – Research: A Call for Peace

The essay explores the concept of responsible research and its principles vis-à-vis standards of high-quality research. Responsible research fulfills standards of high-quality academic research and, at the same time, contributes positively to society. Standards of high-quality research include the definition of a relevant research problem, scientific due diligence, rigor, coherence, validity and soundness, contribution, and readability and style. As for positive contributions to society, I argue that any positive impact, or service, to society can have, in substance, the meaning of contributing to one or more aspects of peace. The expanded concept of peace outlined in the essay offers a transrational consolidation of epistemic and social values. It is, therefore, at the heart of responsible research.Peer reviewe

Publisher Correction: Whole-genome sequencing of a sporadic primary immunodeficiency cohort (Nature, (2020), 583, 7814, (90-95), 10.1038/s41586-020-2265-1)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper

Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019:a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Abstract Background: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10–14 and 50–54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that analysed estimated age-specific fertility and mortality rates along with 1250 censuses and 747 population registry years. We classified location-years into seven categories on the basis of the natural rate of increase in population (calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate) and the net migration rate. We computed healthy life expectancy (HALE) using years lived with disability (YLDs) per capita, life tables, and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty was propagated throughout the demographic estimation process, including fertility, mortality, and population, with 1000 draw-level estimates produced for each metric. Findings: The global TFR decreased from 2·72 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2·66–2·79) in 2000 to 2·31 (2·17–2·46) in 2019. Global annual livebirths increased from 134·5 million (131·5–137·8) in 2000 to a peak of 139·6 million (133·0–146·9) in 2016. Global livebirths then declined to 135·3 million (127·2–144·1) in 2019. Of the 204 countries and territories included in this study, in 2019, 102 had a TFR lower than 2·1, which is considered a good approximation of replacement-level fertility. All countries in sub-Saharan Africa had TFRs above replacement level in 2019 and accounted for 27·1% (95% UI 26·4–27·8) of global livebirths. Global life expectancy at birth increased from 67·2 years (95% UI 66·8–67·6) in 2000 to 73·5 years (72·8–74·3) in 2019. The total number of deaths increased from 50·7 million (49·5–51·9) in 2000 to 56·5 million (53·7–59·2) in 2019. Under-5 deaths declined from 9·6 million (9·1–10·3) in 2000 to 5·0 million (4·3–6·0) in 2019. Global population increased by 25·7%, from 6·2 billion (6·0–6·3) in 2000 to 7·7 billion (7·5–8·0) in 2019. In 2019, 34 countries had negative natural rates of increase; in 17 of these, the population declined because immigration was not sufficient to counteract the negative rate of decline. Globally, HALE increased from 58·6 years (56·1–60·8) in 2000 to 63·5 years (60·8–66·1) in 2019. HALE increased in 202 of 204 countries and territories between 2000 and 2019. Interpretation: Over the past 20 years, fertility rates have been dropping steadily and life expectancy has been increasing, with few exceptions. Much of this change follows historical patterns linking social and economic determinants, such as those captured by the GBD Socio-demographic Index, with demographic outcomes. More recently, several countries have experienced a combination of low fertility and stagnating improvement in mortality rates, pushing more populations into the late stages of the demographic transition. Tracking demographic change and the emergence of new patterns will be essential for global health monitoring

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London