A elaboração e avaliação de um sistema de ensino a distância em oftalmologia

INTRODUCTION: Web-based e-learning is a teaching tool increasingly used in many medical schools and specialist fields, including ophthalmology. AIMS: this pilot study aimed to develop internet-based course-based clinical cases and to evaluate the effectiveness of this method within a graduate medical education group. METHODS: this was an interventional randomized study. First, a website was built using a distance learning platform. Sixteen first-year ophthalmology residents were then divided into two randomized groups: one experimental group, which was submitted to the intervention (use of the e-learning site) and another control group, which was not submitted to the intervention. The students answered a printed clinical case and their scores were compared. RESULTS: there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: We were able to successfully develop the e-learning site and the respective clinical cases. Despite the fact that there was no statistically significant difference between the access and the non access group, the study was a pioneer in our department, since a clinical case online program had never previously been developed.INTRODUÇÃO: O ensino a distância pela Internet é uma ferramenta de educação cada vez mais utilizada em muitas faculdades de medicina e áreas de medicina especializadas, inclusive a oftalmologia. OBJETIVOS: Este estudo piloto teve como objetivo elaborar casos clínicos baseados no curso online e avaliar a eficácia deste método num grupo de estudantes de pós-graduação de medicina. MÉTODOS: foi um estudo de intervenção randomizado. Em primeiro lugar, um website foi construído usando uma plataforma de ensino à distância. Dezesseis residentes de oftalmologia do primeiro ano então foram divididos em dois grupos aleatórios: um grupo experimental, o qual foi submetido à intervenção (uso do site de ensino a distância) e outro grupo de controle, que não foi submetido à intervenção. Os alunos responderam a um caso clínico impresso e seus resultados foram comparados. RESULTADOS: não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Conseguimos desenvolver com sucesso o website de ensino a distância e os respectivos casos clínicos. Apesar do fato de que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o grupo com acesso e o grupo sem acesso, o estudo foi pioneiro no nosso departamento, uma vez que nunca havia sido desenvolvido anteriormente um programa online de casos clínicos.9610

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Visual and ocular motor function in multiple sclerosis

Orientador: Keila Miriam Monteiro de CarvalhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: A esclerose múltipla é uma doença crônica imunomediada do sistema nervoso central, caracterizada por inflamação, desmielinização e lesão axonal na fase inicial, e desmielinização crônica, degeneração progressiva e perda axonal, atrofia cerebral e gliose na fase crônica. O acometimento do sistema visual e motor ocular são manifestações comuns da doença. O objetivo desse estudo foi observar as alterações relacionadas das funções visuais no período remissivo da doença e sua correlação com as imagens da ressonância magnética. Foram realizadas a avaliação da acuidade visual, do campo visual central computadorizado, da visão cromática e da sensibilidade ao contraste em 48 pacientes com esclerose múltipla recidivante-remitente e em 25 controles. O evento anterior de neurite óptica aguda foi utilizado para classificar os pacientes: 26 com história positiva e 22 com história negativa. A avaliação clínica dos movimentos oculares foi realizada em 60 pacientes e 35 controles. O subgrupo com história de neurite óptica apresentou pior resultado (p0.05). In the comparative assessment between optic radiations lesion of 29 patients and perimetric visual fields, there was a relationship between larger lesions and worse visual fields indices. In the examination of eye movements, the failure of the cancellation of vestibular ocular reflex and the presence of corrective movements during pursuit were the most frequent abnormalities. The National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Functioning Questionnaire and their 10-Item Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement scores were lower in 42 multiple sclerosis patients compared with 22 controls. The involvement of the visual and ocular motor function was frequent in multiple sclerosis patients in the relapsing remitting phase, even outside of the acute phase of the disease. It was possible to observe a relationship between visual field indices and quantitative measurements of magnetic resonance images. Abnormalities of the ocular movements, suggestive of internuclear ophtalmoplegia were associated with lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculusMestradoCiencias BiomedicasDoutor em Ciências Médica

The development and evaluation of a distance learning system in ophthalmology

INTRODUCTION: Web-based e-learning is a teaching tool increasingly used in many medical schools and specialist fields, including ophthalmology. AIMS: this pilot study aimed to develop internet-based course-based clinical cases and to evaluate the effectiveness of this method within a graduate medical education group. METHODS: this was an interventional randomized study. First, a website was built using a distance learning platform. Sixteen first-year ophthalmology residents were then divided into two randomized groups: one experimental group, which was submitted to the intervention (use of the e-learning site) and another control group, which was not submitted to the intervention. The students answered a printed clinical case and their scores were compared. RESULTS: there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: We were able to successfully develop the e-learning site and the respective clinical cases. Despite the fact that there was no statistically significant difference between the access and the non access group, the study was a pioneer in our department, since a clinical case online program had never previously been developed

Curso por internet para residentes em oftalmologia: uma experiência

OBJECTIVE: To describe the first experience of an Internet-based course for ophthalmology residents. METHOD: Twenty-three residents were invited to participate in the study; however, only 13 (56.52%) took part, performing the proposed activities and answering a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 13 participants, only five (38.46%) completed 100% of the tasks, three (23.07%) completed between 70 and 90%, two (15.38%) completed between 50 and 60% and three (23.07%) completed less than 10% of the tasks. Regarding the use of computers and the Internet in general, all the participants reported using the Internet daily. All of them also affirmed they use the internet to study or to conduct research. CONCLUSION: Despite the advantages of the Internet, medical residents are still very reluctant to its use. Considering the context of information and communication technologies, there is a pressing need to reformulate continuing medical education in order to meet the demand of this new developing world.OBJETIVO: Descrever a primeira experiência com um curso à distância para médicos residentes de Oftalmologia. MÉTODO: Vinte e três residentes foram convidados a participar do estudo, porém somente 13 (56,52%) aderiram, realizando as atividades propostas e respondendo o questionário. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 13 participantes, apenas 5 (38,46%) completaram 100% das tarefas, 3 (23,07%) completaram entre 70% e 90%, 2 (15,38%) completaram entre 50% e 60%, e 3 (23,07%) completaram menos de 10% das tarefas. Em relação ao uso do computador e da internet em geral, todos os participantes afirmaram que usam a internet diariamente. Todos também responderam que usam a internet para estudar ou fazer pesquisas. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar das vantagens da internet, os médicos residentes ainda são muito relutantes quanto ao seu uso. Considerando-se o contexto atual das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, é mandatório que se faça uma reformulação na educação médica continuada para atender à demanda deste novo mundo.636

Experience with an internet-based course for ophthalmology residents

OBJECTIVE: To describe the first experience of an Internet-based course for ophthalmology residents. METHOD: Twenty-three residents were invited to participate in the study; however, only 13 (56.52%) took part, performing the proposed activities and answering a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 13 participants, only five (38.46%) completed 100% of the tasks, three (23.07%) completed between 70 and 90%, two (15.38%) completed between 50 and 60% and three (23.07%) completed less than 10% of the tasks. Regarding the use of computers and the Internet in general, all the participants reported using the Internet daily. All of them also affirmed they use the internet to study or to conduct research. CONCLUSION: Despite the advantages of the Internet, medical residents are still very reluctant to its use. Considering the context of information and communication technologies, there is a pressing need to reformulate continuing medical education in order to meet the demand of this new developing world