Estrategia promocional y toma de decisión de compra en el restaurante Yaru en Carabayllo 2018-2019

La presente investigación busco determinar la relación entre la estrategia promocional y la toma de decisión de compra de los clientes del restaurante peruano Yaru Carabayllo, 2018 – 2019, aplicándose un diseño de investigación aplicada, en donde la población fue 540 clientes (teniendo en cuenta que esta cantidad es el promedio mensual que se tiene registrado según la base de datos del restaurante) y para determinar la muestra se utilizó una formula muestral con la población conocida dándonos como resultado 225 clientes entre las edades de 18-40 años ha encuestar. se utilizó como técnica la encuesta, el instrumento de investigación fue el cuestionario compuesto por 23 preguntas en donde se empleó como herramienta la escala de Likert y la información recopilada fue detallada y analizada en IBM stadistics spss 24. Los resultados fueron determinados de la siguiente manera: su nivel de significancia logro un resultado de 0.021 aceptando la hipótesis general, la prueba de correlación rho spearman dio 0.854 indicando que es una correlación positiva considerable entre la variable 1 (estrategia promocional) y la variable 2 (toma de decisión de compra), dando a entender que al restablecer estrategias promocionales se podrá llegar a la toma de decisión de los clientes del restaurante Yaru

Gerencia financiera; una alternativa para las pymes en el siglo XXI

Objective: Review financial management as an alternative for SMEs in the 21st century. Methodology: A documentary review of the financial management was carried out, which indicates that currently, the financial management in small and medium enterprises, new principles and attitudes are developed by the professionals of the economy and finance, in addition to Use new techniques and deploy different financing practices. Results and conclusions: Faced with the current market conditions, set out the detailed objectives in the organizations, which must financially project their structures focused on the economic economy, on the voracity of financial markets, and on the exclusive profile of financial management, generating competitiveness to facilitate other experiences in different financial situations, and other values ​​that determine procedures in the field of management.Objetivo: Revisar la gerencia financiera como una alternativa para las Pymes en el siglo XXI. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión documental de la gerencia financiera, lo cual indica que en la actualidad la gestión financiera en las pequeñas y medianas  empresas requieren amparar nuevos principios y actitudes por parte de los profesionales de la economía y  las finanzas, además de utilizar nuevas técnicas y desplegar diferentes prácticas de financiamiento. Resultados y Conclusiones: Frente a las condiciones del mercado actual, se exponen unos objetivos detallados en las organizaciones, que deben proyectar financieramente sus estructuras  centradas en la riqueza económica, en la voracidad de los mercados financieros, y en el exclusivo perfil de la gerencia financiera, generando una competitividad para facilitar otras experiencias en diferentes escenarios de las finanzas, y otros valores que determinen procedimientos en el ámbito de la gerencia

Análisis de las alternativas de ahorro e inversión ofrecidas por los mercados intermediados del sistema financiero Colombiano

Objective: To analyze the approach of financial institutions, which are not only based on offering a broad portfolio of products, but that these adjust to the needs and expectations of profitability and return of capital, in addition to quantifying the possible causes of risks and Ways to mitigate them. Methodology: The study method applied in the article is analytical. Results y conclusions: The available information allows to identify and recognize the importance of saving and investment in the pockets of Colombians as one of the main engines of the economy of a country, for the collection of information and carry out research is necessary use secondary research sources since we must obtain data from the financial superintendence of Colombia, Old mutual, Anif, in the financial press, in the financial and banking sector, additionally conduct a survey of a specific sample of the population, among; employees, independents and businessmen.Objetivo: Analizar el enfoque de las entidades financieras, el cual  no solo se basan en ofrecer un amplio portafolio de productos, sino que estos se ajusten a las necesidades y expectativas de rentabilidad y retorno de capital, además de cuantificar las posibles causas de riegos y las formas de mitigarlos. Metodología: El método de estudio aplicado en el artículo es analítico. Resultados y Conclusiones: La información disponible permite a identificar y reconocer la importancia del ahorro e inversión en los bolsillos de los colombianos como uno de los motores principales de la economía de un país, para la recolección de información y llevar a cabo la investigación es necesario utilizar fuentes de investigación secundarias ya que debemos obtener datos de la superintendencia financiera de Colombia , Old mutual, Anif, en la prensa de carácter financiero , en el sector financiero y bancario, adicional realizar una encuesta a una muestra determinada de la población, entre; empleados, independientes y Empresarios

Lineamientos metodológicos para procesos de diálogo orientados a la formulación de políticas de CTI en América Latina, El Caribe y España

Los procesos de diálogo para la formulación de políticas de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTI) pueden entenderse y analizarse a partir de la interacción entre las comunidades de un sistema de innovación. Las comunidades relevantes para dichos sistemas suelen ser las siguientes: académica, sector productivo, sector público y otros sectores de la sociedad civil organizada. El proceso de diálogo se desarrolla entre actores que son parte de estas comunidades

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 in dementia across Latin America : A call for an urgent regional plan and coordinated response

The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic will disproportionately impact countries with weak economies and vulnerable populations including people with dementia. Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) are burdened with unstable economic development, fragile health systems, massive economic disparities, and a high prevalence of dementia. Here, we underscore the selective impact of SARS-CoV-2 on dementia among LACs, the specific strain on health systems devoted to dementia, and the subsequent effect of increasing inequalities among those with dementia in the region. Implementation of best practices for mitigation and containment faces particularly steep challenges in LACs. Based upon our consideration of these issues, we urgently call for a coordinated action plan, including the development of inexpensive mass testing and multilevel regional coordination for dementia care and related actions. Brain health diplomacy should lead to a shared and escalated response across the region, coordinating leadership, and triangulation between governments and international multilateral networks

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Search for heavy resonances decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark in the lepton+jets final state in proton–proton collisions at 13 TeV

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The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependence of flow harmonics in pPb and PbPb collisions

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