Habitat quality affects the condition of Luciobarbus sclateri in the Guadiamar River (SW Iberian Peninsula): Effects of disturbances by the toxic spill of the Aznalcóllar mine

This study analyzes the somatic condition of southern Iberian barbel Luciobarbus sclateri (Günther, 1868) in the Guadiamar River (SW Iberian Peninsula). This river was seriously affected by a toxic spill of about 4 million cubic meters of acidic water and 2 million cubic meters of mud rich in heavy metals. Once the spill removal works concluded, sites affected and unaffected by the accident were sampled to study its effects on the fish fauna. The ecological variables registered were related to water quality, physical state of reaches, ecological quality, resources exploited by fish, and potential intra-specific interactions. From an initial 15 ecological variables, seasonal water flow and pH explained most of the variation in barbel condition. This study shows that the Guadiamar River, 56 months after the accident, is still undergoing a recovery process where, beyond ecological variables, proximity to the affected area is the most influential factor for fish condition. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V

Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 32 EeV from Phase One of the Pierre Auger Observatory

A promising energy range to look for angular correlations between cosmic rays of extragalactic origin and their sources is at the highest energies, above a few tens of EeV (1 EeV equivalent to 10^(18) eV). Despite the flux of these particles being extremely low, the area of similar to 3000 km^(2) covered at the Pierre Auger Observatory, and the 17 yr data-taking period of the Phase 1 of its operations, have enabled us to measure the arrival directions of more than 2600 ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above 32 EeV. We publish this data set, the largest available at such energies from an integrated exposure of 122,000 km^(2) sr yr, and search it for anisotropies over the 3.4 pi steradians covered with the Observatory. Evidence for a deviation in excess of isotropy at intermediate angular scales, with similar to 15 degrees Gaussian spread or similar to 25 degrees top-hat radius, is obtained at the 4 sigma significance level for cosmic-ray energies above similar to 40 EeV

Search for Ultra-high-energy Photons from Gravitational Wave Sources with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A search for time-directional coincidences of ultra-high-energy (UHE) photons above 10 EeV with gravitational wave (GW) events from the LIGO/Virgo runs O1 to O3 is conducted with the Pierre Auger Observatory. Due to the distinctive properties of photon interactions and to the background expected from hadronic showers, a subset of the most interesting GW events is selected based on their localization quality and distance. Time periods of 1000 s around and 1 day after the GW events are analyzed. No coincidences are observed. Upper limits on the UHE photon fluence from a GW event are derived that are typically at & SIM;7 MeV cm(-2) (time period 1000 s) and & SIM;35 MeV cm(-2) (time period 1 day). Due to the proximity of the binary neutron star merger GW170817, the energy of the source transferred into UHE photons above 40 EeV is constrained to be less than 20% of its total GW energy. These are the first limits on UHE photons from GW sources

Searches for Ultra-High-Energy Photons at the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory, which is the largest air-shower experiment in the world, offers unprecedented exposure to neutral particles at the highest energies. Since the start of data collection more than 18 years ago, various searches for ultra-high-energy (UHE, E greater than or similar to 10^(17) eV) photons have been performed, either for a diffuse flux of UHE photons, for point sources of UHE photons or for UHE photons associated with transient events such as gravitational wave events. In the present paper, we summarize these searches and review the current results obtained using the wealth of data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Análise da prevalência de entidades coloproctológicas nos pacientes idosos do serviço de coloproctologia de um hospital universitário Analysis of the prevalence of coloproctological conditions elderly patients of the colorectal unit in a university hospital

INTRODUÇÃO: projeções mostram que em 2020, os idosos constituirão cerca de 13% da população brasileira. Esta transformação não é apenas demográfica, mas também epidemiológica. Há real necessidade de maior compreensão da prevalência de determinadas doenças na faixa etária geriátrica. OBJETIVO: avaliar queixas e diagnósticos em coloproctologia mais prevalentes na população acima de 60 anos, comparando-os com os de idade inferior. Avaliar o número de idosos encaminhados a procedimentos cirúrgicos, suas comorbidades e analisar as complicações cirúrgicas, comparando-as ao grupo controle. MÉTODO: revisão de prontuários do ambulatório de Coloproctologia do Hospital Universitário Cajuru. Pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: maiores de 60 anos de idade (idosos - grupo I) e menores de 60 anos (controles - grupo II). Os achados foram comparados entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: foram incluídos 1126 pacientes, 19,36% com mais de 60 anos. O número médio de queixas no grupo I foi de 1,21. As queixas mais frequentes nos idosos, com significância estatística foram: dor abdominal, constipação, diarreia e sangue oculto positivo. As doenças mais frequentes no grupo I foram: doença diverticular dos cólons, pólipos colônicos e câncer colorretal. No grupo I 58,36% apresentavam alguma comorbidade. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos em relação às indicações cirúrgicas ou em relação às complicações pós-operatórias. CONCLUSÕES: os pacientes idosos apresentaram maior número médio de doenças diagnosticadas do que o grupo controle. Apresentaram também maior número de queixas colônicas e comorbidades associadas. Não houve diferença entre os dois grupos em relação às indicações cirúrgicas e às complicações pós-operatórias.<br>INTRODUCTION: It is expected that in 2020, elderly people will reach 13% of the Brazilian population. This involves epidemiologic and medical concerns. There is few data in the literature regarding colorectal and anal diseases in this population. OBJECTIVE: to compare data about colorectal and anal conditions in elderly people (older than 60 years) with younger patients, including associated diseases, surgical procedures and complications. METHOD: The charts of the patients of the outpatient colorectal unit were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided in two groups: older than 60 years (group I) and younger than 60 years (controls, group II). RESULTS: 1126 patients were included in this study. 19,36% were older than 60 years. The average number of complaints in the group I was 1,21. Abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea and positive fecal occult blood test were more frequent in the elderly. Anorectal complaints were more prevalent in the control group. The more prevalent conditions in group I, with statistical significance, were: diverticular disease, colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer. In group I, 58,36% had associated diseases. There was no statistical significance between the groups regarding surgical procedures and complications. CONCLUSIONS: Colonic diseases were more prevalent in the elderly group. They had more associated diseases compared with younger patients. There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding surgical treatment and complications