CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

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Gamma-ray astronomy with ARGO-YBJ

ARGO-YBJ is a full coverage air shower array located at the YangBaJing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (Tibet, P.R. China, 4300 m a.s.l., 606 g/cm2) recording data with a duty cycle ≥85% and an energy threshold of a few hundred GeV. In this paper the latest results in Gamma-Ray Astronomy are summarized

Circulating Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk

BACKGROUND: Adipokines and inflammation may provide a mechanistic link between obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer, yet epidemiologic data on their associations with breast cancer risk are limited. METHODS: In a case-cohort analysis nested within the Women\u27s Health Initiative Observational Study, a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women, baseline plasma samples from 875 incident breast cancer case patients and 839 subcohort participants were tested for levels of seven adipokines, namely leptin, adiponectin, resistin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, hepatocyte growth factor, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and for C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker. Data were analyzed by multivariable Cox modeling that included established breast cancer risk factors and previously measured estradiol and insulin levels. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: The association between plasma CRP levels and breast cancer risk was dependent on hormone therapy (HT) use at baseline (P interaction = .003). In a model that controlled for multiple breast cancer risk factors including body mass index (BMI), estradiol, and insulin, CRP level was positively associated with breast cancer risk among HT nonusers (hazard ratio for high vs low CRP levels = 1.67, 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 2.68, P trend = .029). None of the other adipokines were statistically significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Following inclusion of CRP, insulin, and estradiol in a multivariable model, the association of BMI with breast cancer was attenuated by 115%. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that CRP is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer among HT nonusers. Inflammatory mediators, together with insulin and estrogen, may play a role in the obesity-breast cancer relation

Gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic-ray physics with ARGO-YBJ

The ARGO-YBJ detector, located 4300 m a.s.l. on the Tibet plateau, is a ground-based, full- coverage array of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) covering a surface of 78×74 m2, surrounded by a guard ring of RPCs enclosing a total surface of about 11000 m2. ARGO-YBJ was designed to detect extensive air showers generated by cosmic rays and gamma rays with primary energy greater than few hundred GeV, in order to study the region of the cosmic-ray spectrum out of the reach of both satellite-based experiments and traditional ground-based arrays. The experiment has been running with its complete layout since November 2007, collecting over 2:5×1011 events. The main results obtained by ARGO-YBJ will be presented here, and specifically: the monitoring of astronomical gamma-ray sources, such as the Crab nebula and the MRK 421 AGN, the moon shadow, the medium-scale anisotropy map, the proton-proton inelastic cross section at center-of- mass energy between 70 and 500 GeV where no accelerator data are available

Electroweak measurements in electron–positron collisions at w-boson-pair energies at lep

Contains fulltext : 121524.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access

X-Ray Computed Tomography for Dimensional Metrology

X-ray computed tomography (CT) has emerged over the last years as an innovative dimensional measuring technique and has been increasingly applied in industry. This chapter describes the state of the art, the main technical characteristics, and examples of applications of CT in industrial dimensional metrology. Although still in its youth, metrological CT offers unique solutions and provides several advantages in comparison to other coordinate measuring systems such as tactile coordinate measuring machines. In particular, CT systems allow reconstructing holistic three-dimensional models of the scanned workpieces, which are then used to obtain nondestructive and noncontact measurements of outer as well as inner features. However, important drawbacks still limit a wider acceptance of CT in industrial metrology. One of the most critical aspects is the establishment of metrological traceability, which is often challenging due to many and complex error sources that affect CT measurements and complicate the evaluation of metrological performances and of task-specific uncertainties

Search for Charged Higgs bosons: Combined Results Using LEP Data

The four LEP collaborations, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL, have searched for pair-produced charged Higgs bosons in the framework of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDMs). The data of the four experiments are statistically combined. The results are interpreted within the 2HDM for Type I and Type II benchmark scenarios. No statistically significant excess has been observed when compared to the Standard Model background prediction, and the combined LEP data exclude large regions of the model parameter space. Charged Higgs bosons with mass below 80 GeV/c^2 (Type II scenario) or 72.5 GeV/c^2 (Type I scenario, for pseudo-scalar masses above 12 GeV/c^2) are excluded at the 95% confidence level

CMS physics technical design report: Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies ,will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction - Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) - in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low pT inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high pT hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.0info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe