17 research outputs found
A REGRESSIVIDADE DEMOCRÁTICA DA BNCC
Este artigo consiste em análise documental que evidencia o desrespeito à Constituição Federal e à LDBEN/96 efetivado na BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular). Afirma-se que a BNCC, como documento de caráter normativo, impõe uma única concepção pedagógica e curricular: a Pedagogia e o Currículo por Competências. Ao fazê-lo, desrespeita os princípios constitucionais da pluralidade de concepções pedagógicas, da liberdade de ensinar e aprender e o da autonomia das escolas na construção de suas propostas pedagógicas
biomimetic as creative process in product design course
Este artigo relata o passo-a-passo do uso da biomimética como processo criativo no desenvolvimento
de produtos em curso de design. Nesta abordagem os alunos foram responsáveis pela seleção do
animal, descrição das habilidades evolutivas e identificação do sistema biológico que poderia ser
utilizado no design de produto. No primeiro momento eles apresentaram pranchas A3 com as
pesquisas e discutiram com o professor o tipo de produto a ser projetado ou redesenhado e, no
segundo momento foi realizada a adaptação do sistema biológico pelo princípio da analogia
funcional. Depois de gerarem alternativas e selecionarem a opção mais adequada, os produtos foram
modelados em software 3D. Para apresentação desta etapa, os alunos elaboraram banners e modelos
em escala natural ou reduzida. A biomimética provou ser bastante eficaz como processo criativo pela
facilidade de criar ou redesenhar um produto a partir de um sistema funcional pré-definido.This paper reports the step-by-step use of biomimetics as a creative process in the development of
products in the design major. In this approach, the students were responsible for the selection of an
animal, description of its evolutionary abilities and identification of the biological system that could
be used in product design. In the first moment, they presented A3 boards with the research and
discussed with the professor the type of product to be designed or redesigned; in the second moment,
the adaptation of the biological system through the principle of the functional analogy was carried
out. After generating alternatives and selecting the most appropriate option, the products were
modeled in a 3D software. For the presentation of this stage, the students elaborated banners and
models in natural or reduced scale. The biomimetics proved to be quite effective as a creative process
due to the ease of creating or redesigning a product from a predefined functional system
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOOD DISORDERS AND THYROID CHANGES
The thyroid gland, located at the base of the neck, produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolism, growth and development. Changes in the levels of these hormones, such as hypothyroidism (low production) and hyperthyroidism (high production), can have a significant impact on mental health, influencing the development of mood disorders. Studies demonstrate a strong association between thyroid dysfunction and disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder. In hypothyroidism, depressive symptoms may include fatigue, mental sluggishness, anhedonia, and weight gain. In hyperthyroidism, anxiety, insomnia and irritability are more frequent. The bidirectional relationship between thyroid and mood is complex and involves several mechanisms. Changes in thyroid hormone levels can affect brain neurotransmission, especially serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters directly related to mood. Furthermore, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, responsible for thyroid hormonal regulation, can also be influenced by psychological factors such as stress. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the relationship between mood disorders and thyroid changes, investigating the prevalence of mood disorders in individuals with thyroid diseases, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the impact of hormone replacement on mental health. Methodology: The review followed the PRISMA checklist guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were searched using the following descriptors: "mood disorders", "hypothyroidism", "hyperthyroidism", "thyroid" and "mental health". Articles published in the last 10 years were selected. Inclusion criteria: studies that evaluate the relationship between mood disorders and thyroid diseases; Human studies; Published in Portuguese, English or Spanish; Published in the last 10 years. Exclusion: Animal studies; Studies with inadequate methodological designs; Studies that do not evaluate the relationship between mood and thyroid. Results: 15 studies were selected. The review identified that the prevalence of mood disorders is significantly higher in individuals with thyroid disease than in the general population. Hypothyroidism is associated with depression, while hyperthyroidism is more related to anxiety. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between mood and thyroid are complex and involve changes in cerebral neurotransmission, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the response to stress. Adequate hormone replacement for thyroid disease can significantly improve symptoms of mood disorders in many cases. Conclusions: The systematic review confirmed the strong association between mood disorders and thyroid changes. Thyroid dysfunction can be a risk factor for the development of mood disorders, and adequate hormone replacement can be an important therapeutic tool.The thyroid gland, located at the base of the neck, produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolism, growth and development. Changes in the levels of these hormones, such as hypothyroidism (low production) and hyperthyroidism (high production), can have a significant impact on mental health, influencing the development of mood disorders. Studies demonstrate a strong association between thyroid dysfunction and disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder. In hypothyroidism, depressive symptoms may include fatigue, mental sluggishness, anhedonia, and weight gain. In hyperthyroidism, anxiety, insomnia and irritability are more frequent. The bidirectional relationship between thyroid and mood is complex and involves several mechanisms. Changes in thyroid hormone levels can affect brain neurotransmission, especially serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters directly related to mood. Furthermore, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, responsible for thyroid hormonal regulation, can also be influenced by psychological factors such as stress. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the relationship between mood disorders and thyroid changes, investigating the prevalence of mood disorders in individuals with thyroid diseases, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the impact of hormone replacement on mental health. Methodology: The review followed the PRISMA checklist guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were searched using the following descriptors: "mood disorders", "hypothyroidism", "hyperthyroidism", "thyroid" and "mental health". Articles published in the last 10 years were selected. Inclusion criteria: studies that evaluate the relationship between mood disorders and thyroid diseases; Human studies; Published in Portuguese, English or Spanish; Published in the last 10 years. Exclusion: Animal studies; Studies with inadequate methodological designs; Studies that do not evaluate the relationship between mood and thyroid. Results: 15 studies were selected. The review identified that the prevalence of mood disorders is significantly higher in individuals with thyroid disease than in the general population. Hypothyroidism is associated with depression, while hyperthyroidism is more related to anxiety. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between mood and thyroid are complex and involve changes in cerebral neurotransmission, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the response to stress. Adequate hormone replacement for thyroid disease can significantly improve symptoms of mood disorders in many cases. Conclusions: The systematic review confirmed the strong association between mood disorders and thyroid changes. Thyroid dysfunction can be a risk factor for the development of mood disorders, and adequate hormone replacement can be an important therapeutic tool
Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Background Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older. Methods Using 694 data sources of individual and population-level alcohol consumption, along with 592 prospective and retrospective studies on the risk of alcohol use, we produced estimates of the prevalence of current drinking, abstention, the distribution of alcohol consumption among current drinkers in standard drinks daily (defined as 10 g of pure ethyl alcohol), and alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs. We made several methodological improvements compared with previous estimates: first, we adjusted alcohol sales estimates to take into account tourist and unrecorded consumption; second, we did a new meta-analysis of relative risks for 23 health outcomes associated with alcohol use; and third, we developed a new method to quantify the level of alcohol consumption that minimises the overall risk to individual health. Findings Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs in 2016, accounting for 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-3.0) of age-standardised female deaths and 6.8% (5.8-8.0) of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15-49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 3.8% (95% UI 3.2-4-3) of female deaths and 12.2% (10.8-13-6) of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15-49 years, female attributable DALYs were 2.3% (95% UI 2.0-2.6) and male attributable DALYs were 8.9% (7.8-9.9). The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1.4% [95% UI 1. 0-1. 7] of total deaths), road injuries (1.2% [0.7-1.9]), and self-harm (1.1% [0.6-1.5]). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 27.1% (95% UI 21.2-33.3) of total alcohol-attributable female deaths and 18.9% (15.3-22.6) of male deaths. The level of alcohol consumption that minimised harm across health outcomes was zero (95% UI 0.0-0.8) standard drinks per week. Interpretation Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for global disease burden and causes substantial health loss. We found that the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of consumption, and the level of consumption that minimises health loss is zero. These results suggest that alcohol control policies might need to be revised worldwide, refocusing on efforts to lower overall population-level consumption.Peer reviewe
A DISCUSSÃO SOBRE AVALIAÇÃO NAS REUNIÕES ANUAIS DA ANPED NO PERÍODO 2000 A 2010
O presente trabalho objetiva refletir e divulgar resultados de investigação que buscou identificar a presença da discussão da temática avaliação nos trabalhos e pôsteres disponibilizados no sítio da ANPEd no período de 2000 a 2010. Focou-se o espaço ocupado pela avaliação nos GTs em que se organizam as Reuniões Anuais. Os resultados do estudo qualitativo indicaram que a temática representa menos de 3% do total de trabalhos e que as origens principais destes são pesquisas. Os/as autores/as, em geral, tem apenas um trabalho sobre o tema divulgado nos Anais. Também foi possível identificar reduzido número de autores/as produzindo continuadamente sobre o tema e concentração da produção em instituições do sudeste
A REGRESSIVIDADE DEMOCRÁTICA DA BNCC
Este artigo consiste em análise documental que evidencia o desrespeito à Constituição Federal e à LDBEN/96 efetivado na BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular). Afirma-se que a BNCC, como documento de caráter normativo, impõe uma única concepção pedagógica e curricular: a Pedagogia e o Currículo por Competências. Ao fazê-lo, desrespeita os princípios constitucionais da pluralidade de concepções pedagógicas, da liberdade de ensinar e aprender e o da autonomia das escolas na construção de suas propostas pedagógicas