34 research outputs found
Continuity properties of measurable group cohomology
A version of group cohomology for locally compact groups and Polish modules
has previously been developed using a bar resolution restricted to measurable
cochains. That theory was shown to enjoy analogs of most of the standard
algebraic properties of group cohomology, but various analytic features of
those cohomology groups were only partially understood.
This paper re-examines some of those issues. At its heart is a simple
dimension-shifting argument which enables one to `regularize' measurable
cocycles, leading to some simplifications in the description of the cohomology
groups. A range of consequences are then derived from this argument.
First, we prove that for target modules that are Fr\'echet spaces, the
cohomology groups agree with those defined using continuous cocycles, and hence
they vanish in positive degrees when the acting group is compact. Using this,
we then show that for Fr\'echet, discrete or toral modules the cohomology
groups are continuous under forming inverse limits of compact base groups, and
also under forming direct limits of discrete target modules.
Lastly, these results together enable us to establish various circumstances
under which the measurable-cochains cohomology groups coincide with others
defined using sheaves on a semi-simplicial space associated to the underlying
group, or sheaves on a classifying space for that group. We also prove in some
cases that the natural quotient topologies on the measurable-cochains
cohomology groups are Hausdorff.Comment: 52 pages. [Nov 22, 2011:] Major re-write with Calvin C. Moore as new
co-author. Results from previous version strengthened and several new results
added. [Nov 25, 2012:] Final version now available at springerlink.co
Integrating genetic regulation and single-cell expression with GWAS prioritizes causal genes and cell types for glaucoma
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), characterized by retinal ganglion cell death, is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. However, its molecular and cellular causes are not well understood. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor, but many patients have normal IOP. Colocalization and Mendelian randomization analysis of >240 POAG and IOP genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci and overlapping expression and splicing quantitative trait loci (e/sQTLs) in 49 GTEx tissues and retina prioritizes causal genes for 60% of loci. These genes are enriched in pathways implicated in extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and vascular development. Analysis of single-nucleus RNA-seq of glaucoma-relevant eye tissues reveals that the POAG and IOP colocalizing genes and genome-wide associations are enriched in specific cell types in the aqueous outflow pathways, retina, optic nerve head, peripapillary sclera, and choroid. This study nominates IOP-dependent and independent regulatory mechanisms, genes, and cell types that may contribute to POAG pathogenesis.</p
Integrating genetic regulation and single-cell expression with GWAS prioritizes causal genes and cell types for glaucoma
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), characterized by retinal ganglion cell death, is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. However, its molecular and cellular causes are not well understood. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor, but many patients have normal IOP. Colocalization and Mendelian randomization analysis of >240 POAG and IOP genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci and overlapping expression and splicing quantitative trait loci (e/sQTLs) in 49 GTEx tissues and retina prioritizes causal genes for 60% of loci. These genes are enriched in pathways implicated in extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and vascular development. Analysis of single-nucleus RNA-seq of glaucoma-relevant eye tissues reveals that the POAG and IOP colocalizing genes and genome-wide associations are enriched in specific cell types in the aqueous outflow pathways, retina, optic nerve head, peripapillary sclera, and choroid. This study nominates IOP-dependent and independent regulatory mechanisms, genes, and cell types that may contribute to POAG pathogenesis.</p
Systems genetics identifies a role for Cacna2d1 regulation in elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma susceptibility
Glaucoma is a multi-factorial blinding disease in which genetic factors play an important role. Elevated intraocular pressure is a highly heritable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma and currently the only target for glaucoma therapy. Our study helps to better understand underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate intraocular pressure, and identifies a new candidate gene, Cacna2d1, that modulates intraocular pressure and a promising therapeutic, pregabalin, which binds to CACNA2D1 protein and lowers intraocular pressure significantly. Because our study utilizes a genetically diverse population of mice with kno
Bioenergy and climate change mitigation: an assessment
Acknowledgements The authors are indebted to Julia Römer for assisting with editing several hundred references. Helmut Haberl gratefully acknowledges funding by the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Global Change Programme), the Austrian Ministry of Science and Research (BMWF, proVision programme) as well as by the EU-FP7 project VOLANTE. Carmenza Robledo-Abad received financial support from the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs.Peer reviewedPostprin
Multi-trait genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with optic disc parameters.
Funder: All funders per study are acknowledged in the Supplementary FileA new avenue of mining published genome-wide association studies includes the joint analysis of related traits. The power of this approach depends on the genetic correlation of traits, which reflects the number of pleiotropic loci, i.e. genetic loci influencing multiple traits. Here, we applied new meta-analyses of optic nerve head (ONH) related traits implicated in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG); intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness using Haplotype reference consortium imputations. We performed a multi-trait analysis of ONH parameters cup area, disc area and vertical cup-disc ratio. We uncover new variants; rs11158547 in PPP1R36-PLEKHG3 and rs1028727 near SERPINE3 at genome-wide significance that replicate in independent Asian cohorts imputed to 1000 Genomes. At this point, validation of these variants in POAG cohorts is hampered by the high degree of heterogeneity. Our results show that multi-trait analysis is a valid approach to identify novel pleiotropic variants for ONH
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Adapting Digital Libraries to Continual Evolution
In this paper, we describe five investment streams (data storage infrastructure, knowledge management, data production control, data transport and security, and personnel skill mix) that need to be balanced against shortterm operating demands in order to maximize the probability of long-term viability of a digital library. Because of the rapid pace of information technology change, a digital library cannot be a static institution. Rather, it has to become a flexible organization adapted to continuous evolution of its infrastructure
Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Sexual dimorphism in the mast cell transcriptome and the pathophysiological responses to immunological and psychological stress
Tnf and Tph1 gene expression in female and male BMMCs. (a) Real-time quantitative PCR of Tnf mRNA transcripts from 6 week-old male and female BMMCs normalized to Rpl4 (n = 3). (b) Real-time quantitative PCR of Tph1 mRNA transcripts from 6 week-old male and female BMMCs normalized to Rpl4 (n = 3). Values represent mean ± SE. †P < 0.10, *P < 0.05 vs. males. (PDF 102 kb