Diseño y construcción de un prototipo a escala de turbina eólica aplicada a una luminaria

En este trabajo se describen las distintas etapas del proceso de diseño de un prototipo de luminaria que funciona con energía eliqua, la cual fue concebida según los requerimientos del contexto y partiendo de ahí se cumplen los requerimientos de ingeniería. Se describe el proceso de diseño de un prototipo a escala turbina. Además de hace una descripción del generador eléctrico y se describen los ensayos de caracterización del mismo, se plantean los componentes de las fuerzas aerodinámicas sobre las aspas y el diseño del sistema de regulación de velocidad de las mismas. Se plantea también el estudio experimental de un tipo de perfil aerodinámico, en el cual al cambiar su geometría regula la velocidad del giro del eje, el cual, fue diseñado para extraer la máxima potencia mecánica el eje rotor. Se analizan los efectos aerodinámicos sobre un perfil de espesor variable y cuerda variable ajustándolo a tres posiciones distintas. Se analizan experimentalmente las características aerodinámicas y la eficiencia energética o coeficiente de potencia (Cp) de una turbina eólica de eje vertical tipo ciclo-giro a escala, también conocida como turbina tipo Darrieus de perfil recto, empleando un modelo a escala en el túnel de viento de la UAM. Se encontró que el eje de giro alcanza su máxima velocidad a una longitud media de la cuerda del perfil y a un ancho medio de y por otro lado el rotor reduce su velocidad si la cuenta es muy larga y el perfil se aplana.This work describes the different stages of the design process of a prototype of a luminaire that works with wind energy, which was conceived according to the requirements of the context, starting from the engineering requirements. It describes the design process of the prototype of wind turbine. In addition, a description of the electric generator is made and the characterization tests are described, the components of the aerodynamic forces on the blades and the design of the speed regulation system of the same are considered. It is also considered the experimental study of a type of aerodynamic profile in which, when changing its geometry, it regulates the speed of rotation of the axis, which was designed to extract the maximum mechanical power in the rotor shaft. The aerodynamic effects on a profile of variable thickness and variable rope are analyzed, adjusting it to three different positions. The aerodynamic characteristics and the energy efficiency or power coefficient (Cp) of a vertical axis wind turbine type, also known as a Darrieus type straight profile turbine, are analyzed experimentally using a scale model in the wind tunnel of The Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM).It was found that the axis of rotation reaches its maximum velocity at an average length of the profile cord and a mean width of the profile, and on the other hand the rotor reduces its speed if the rope is very long and the profile flattens

Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de luminaria alimentada por energía eólica-solar

185 páginas. Maestría en Diseño.En este trabajo se describen las distintas etapas del proceso de diseño de una luminaria que funciona con energía eólica y energía solar, de manera que fue concebida según los requerimientos del contexto, y partiendo de esto se determinan los requerimientos de ingeniería. Este proyecto es continuación de mi proyecto terminal de licenciatura titulado “Análisis experimental de una turbina ciclo-giro con perfil de geometría variable”. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo de las necesidades del contexto de aplicación en donde fue probada la luminaria, de esto se determinan los requerimientos de diseño los cuáles serán las directrices para llevar a cabo el diseño de la luminaria. Además, se hizo una simulación en el software Qblade de las variables aerodinámicas para distintos tamaños del rotor, así como en dos configuraciones del intradós la primera hacia afuera y la segunda hacia adentro, para así determinar el tamaño y la configuración donde se obtenga mayor potencia. También se plantea el diseño del sistema de arranque para bajas velocidades de viento. Se hicieron pruebas a varios generadores eléctricos para elegir el que presente un mejor desempeño en la curva de potencia a bajas revoluciones por minuto, además se describen los ensayos de caracterización del mismo. Se analizó experimentalmente la fuente de generación de energía eólica bajo condiciones controladas empleando el túnel de viento del laboratorio de Bioclimática de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM). Así mismo, también se realizó un estudio experimental con la celda fotovoltaica. Por último, se realizaron pruebas del prototipo en el contexto del Istmo de Tehuantepec analizando su funcionamiento bajo condiciones reales, este lugar es idóneo debido a la falta de la infraestructura eléctrica en determinadas zonas y al abundante recurso eólico y solar. Se encontró que el rotor eólico entrega más potencia a mayor diámetro, y que el conjunto de celda fotovoltaica y turbina eólica diseñado es idóneo y suficiente para que se mantenga cargada la batería del sistema y encienda una lámpara LED de 12 W durante toda la noche.This paper describes the different stages of the design process of a luminaire that works with wind energy and solar energy, which was designed according to the requirements of the context, and based on this, the engineering requirements are determined. This project is continuation of my final degree project titled "Experimental analysis of a gyromill wind turbine with variable geometry profile". A qualitative study of the needs of the application context where the luminaire will be tested was carried out, from this the design parameters are determined, which will be the guidelines to carry out the design of the luminaire. In addition, a simulation of the aerodynamic variables was made in the Qblade software on different sizes of the rotor and in two configurations of the intrados towards the outside and towards the inside, in order to determine the size and configuration where greater power is obtained. The design of the start system for low wind speeds is also considered. Several electric generators were tested to choose the one with the best performance in the power curve at low revolutions per minute, and the characterization tests are described. The source of wind energy generation under controlled conditions was analyzed experimentally using the wind tunnel of the Bioclimatic Laboratory of the Autonomous Metropolitan University (UAM). Likewise, an experimental study was also carried out with the photovoltaic cell. Finally, tests of the prototype were carried out in the context of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec analyzing its operation under real conditions, this place is ideal due to the lack of electrical infrastructure in certain áreas and the abundant wind and solar resource. It was found that the wind rotor provide more power to a larger diameter, and that the set of photovoltaic cell and wind turbine designed is suitable and sufficient to keep the battery of the system charged and turn on a 12 W LED lamp throughout the night

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for anomalous couplings in boosted WW/WZ -> l nu q(q)over-bar production in proton-proton collisions at root s=8TeV

Peer reviewe

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Search for new phenomena in final states with two opposite-charge, same-flavor leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV

Search results are presented for physics beyond the standard model in final states with two opposite-charge, same-flavor leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at s√=13 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016. The analysis uses the invariant mass of the lepton pair, searching for a kinematic edge or a resonant-like excess compatible with the Z boson mass. The search for a kinematic edge targets production of particles sensitive to the strong force, while the resonance search targets both strongly and electroweakly produced new physics. The observed yields are consistent with the expectations from the standard model, and the results are interpreted in the context of simplified models of supersymmetry. In a gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) model of gluino pair production with decay chains including Z bosons, gluino masses up to 1500–1770 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level depending on the lightest neutralino mass. In a model of electroweak chargino-neutralino production, chargino masses as high as 610 GeV are excluded when the lightest neutralino is massless. In GMSB models of electroweak neutralino-neutralino production, neutralino masses up to 500-650 GeV are excluded depending on the decay mode assumed. Finally, in a model with bottom squark pair production and decay chains resulting in a kinematic edge in the dilepton invariant mass distribution, bottom squark masses up to 980–1200 GeV are excluded depending on the mass of the next-to-lightest neutralino

Search for electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in multilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Results are presented from a search for the direct electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in signatures with either two or more leptons (electrons or muons) of the same electric charge, or with three or more leptons, which can include up to two hadronically decaying tau leptons. The results are based on a sample of protonproton collision data collected at p s = 13TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb1. The observed event yields are consistent with the expectations based on the standard model. The results are interpreted in simpli ed models of supersymmetry describing various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos and neutralinos. Depending on the model parameters chosen, mass values between 180GeV and 1150 GeV are excluded at 95% CL. These results signi cantly extend the parameter space probed for these particles in searches at the LHC. In addition, results are presented in a form suitable for alternative theoretical interpretations.Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physic