Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) study on cyanide induced biochemical and structural changes in rat sperm

In the recent years, great attention had been focused on cyanide toxicity because of its widespread use in industries and considered to be a ubiquitous pollutant in the environment. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the toxic effect of cyanide on rat sperms at molecular level by using FT-IR technique. For this purpose, rats were randomly divided into four groups and treated with 0.0, 0.64, 1.2 and 3.2 mg kg−1 body weight (BW) for the period of 90 days. The group treated with lower dose (0.64 mg kg−1 BW) showed an insignificant change in all the peaks, except the peaks assigned to olefinic CH, CH2 asymmetric and CH2 symmetric stretching vibration in the lipids. While, the groups treated with higher doses (1.2 and 3.2 mg kg−1 BW) showed the significant decrease in the area under the peaks corresponds to different bio-molecules. In addition, spectral second derivative analysis showed the significant alteration in α-helix, turns, β-sheet, aggregated β-sheet and random coil structures in the proteins. In conclusion, the selected higher dosage of cyanide had caused significant decrease in the biochemical composition of rat sperms along with structural changes in the proteins. The FT-IR technique is an excellent tool used for the analysis of oxidative damage in the sperms

Reversal of deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage in rat neural tissues by turmeric-diet: Fourier transform-infrared and biochemical investigation

The present study is designed to determine the protective effect of turmeric (TMR) against neural oxidative damage caused by deltamethrin (DLM). Here we have employed mainly Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to understand this event, in addition to biochemical analysis. For this purpose, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6); control, TMR (1% turmeric-diet), DLM-treated (41 ppm) and TMR co-administrated with DLM for 48 days. The FT-IR spectra of brain tissues reflect the significant changes in the area values of macromolecules including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids in DLM-treated rats compared to control. In addition, DLM caused increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level accompanied by decrease in antioxidant enzymes activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR). However, the TMR co-administered with DLM group, exhibits appreciable restoration in area values and peaks of IR spectra and also the restoration of the mentioned antioxidant enzyme activities. The group merely fed with TMR showed insignificant changes in all investigated parameters. Therefore, the results reveal that, 1% of turmeric has a protective effect against deltamethrin caused neural oxidative damage