Obtención de vitroplantas de Escobedia grandiflora (Fam: Orobanchaceae) a partir de semilla

Escobedia grandiflora (L.f) Kuntze is an hemiparasite plant, whose propagation is difficult. The aims of this study were: (1) to determine the protocol for E. grandiflora seed disinfection; (2) to evaluate seed germination with 3-Indole Acetic Acid (AIA) and Gibberellic Acid (AG3) application; and (3 to evaluate the in vitro seedling development in two types of gelling with different AIA concentrations. Optimal disinfection was achieved using sodium hypochlorite since 0% of the seedling were contaminated and 100% germinated. Additionally, a better germination was obtained without the use of hormones, also Phytagel gelling favored the seedling growth. Regarding the AIA concentration, the seedlings reached a better length with 10mg/l of AIA, however a greater root length was found without the application of AIA. We conclude that it is possible to obtain E. grandiflora vitroplants from the seed without AIA and AG3 hormones addition. However, it is important to evaluate other hormones and concentrations in order to reduce seedling time in in vitro conditions.Escobedia grandiflora (L.f) Kuntze es una planta hemiparásita, cuya propagación es difícil. Este trabajo se planteó: (1) Determinar el protocolo de desinfección de las semillas, (2) evaluar su germinación con la aplicación de Ácido 3-indol Acético (AIA), y Ácido Giberélico (AG3), y (3) evaluar el desarrollo de plántulas in vitro en dos tipos de gelificante y a diferentes concentraciones de AIA. Mediante esta investigación se encontró que la desinfección de semilla fue mejor en hipoclorito de sodio durante 90 segundos, ya que presentó 0% de contaminación y 100% de germinación. Adicionalmente se obtuvo una mejor germinación sin el uso de hormonas. Por otro lado, el gelificante Phytagel favoreció el mayor crecimiento de plántulas. En cuanto la concentración de AIA, se obtuvo una mayor longitud de la raíz sin la aplicación del AIA, sin embargo, la longitud total de la plántula fue mejor con 1,0 mg/l de AIA. Se concluye que es posible la obtención de vitroplantas de E. grandiflora a partir de semilla, sin adición de las hormonas AIA y AG3 en las concentraciones evaluadas, sin embargo, es importante evaluar otras concentraciones y otras hormonas para acortar el tiempo de las plántulas en condiciones in vitro.Escobedia grandiflora (L.f) Kuntze es una planta hemiparásita, cuya propagación presenta dificultades. Este trabajo se planteó: (1) Determinar el protocolo de desinfección de las semillas, (2) evaluar su germinación con la aplicación de Ácido 3-indol Acético (AIA), y Ácido Giberélico (AG3), y (3) evaluar el desarrollo de plántulas in vitro en dos tipos de gelificante y a diferentes concentraciones de AIA. Mediante esta investigación se encontró que la desinfección de semilla fue mejor en hipoclorito de sodio durante 90 segundos, ya que presentó 0% de contaminación y 100% de germinación. Adicionalmente se obtuvo una mejor germinación sin el uso de hormonas. Por otro lado, el gelificante Phytagel favoreció el mayor crecimiento de plántulas. En cuanto la concentración de AIA, se obtuvo una mayor longitud de la raíz sin la aplicación del AIA, sin embargo, la longitud total de la plántula fue mejor con 1,0 mg/l de AIA. Se concluye que es posible la obtención de vitroplantas de E. grandiflora a partir de semilla, sin adición de las hormonas AIA y AG3 en las concentraciones evaluadas, sin embargo, es importante evaluar otras concentraciones y otras hormonas para acortar el tiempo de las plántulas en condiciones in vitro.Escobedia grandiflora (L.f) Kuntze is an hemiparasite plant, whose propagation is difficult. The aims of this study were: (1) to determine the protocol for E. grandiflora seed disinfection; (2) to evaluate seed germination with 3-Indole Acetic Acid (AIA) and Gibberellic Acid (AG3) application; and (3 to evaluate the in vitro seedling development in two types of gelling with different AIA concentrations. Optimal disinfection was achieved using sodium hypochlorite since 0% of the seedling were contaminated and 100% germinated. Additionally, a better germination was obtained without the use of hormones, also Phytagel gelling favored the seedling growth. Regarding the AIA concentration, the seedlings reached a better length with 10mg/l of AIA, however a greater root length was found without the application of AIA. We conclude that it is possible to obtain E. grandiflora vitroplants from the seed without AIA and AG3 hormones addition. However, it is important to evaluate other hormones and concentrations in order to reduce seedling time in in vitro conditions

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

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Measurement of nuclear modification factors of gamma(1S)), gamma(2S), and gamma(3S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The cross sections for ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factors, RAA, derived from the PbPb-to-pp ratio of yields for each state, are studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as PbPb collision centrality. The yields of all three states are found to be significantly suppressed, and compatible with a sequential ordering of the suppression, RAA(ϒ(1S)) > RAA(ϒ(2S)) > RAA(ϒ(3S)). The suppression of ϒ(1S) is larger than that seen at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The upper limit on the RAA of ϒ(3S) integrated over pT, rapidity and centrality is 0.096 at 95% confidence level, which is the strongest suppression observed for a quarkonium state in heavy ion collisions to date. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.Peer reviewe

Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions root s =13 TeV

A measurement of the electroweak (EW) production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented, based on data recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lljj final state with l including electrons and muons, and the jets j corresponding to the quarks produced in the hard interaction. The measured cross section in a kinematic region defined by invariant masses m(ll) > 50 GeV, m(jj) > 120 GeV, and transverse momenta P-Tj > 25 GeV is sigma(EW) (lljj) = 534 +/- 20 (stat) fb (syst) fb, in agreement with leading-order standard model predictions. The final state is also used to perform a search for anomalous trilinear gauge couplings. No evidence is found and limits on anomalous trilinear gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are -2.6 <cwww/Lambda(2) <2.6 TeV-2 and -8.4 <cw/Lambda(2) <10.1 TeV-2. The additional jet activity of events in a signal-enriched region is also studied, and the measurements are in agreement with predictions.Peer reviewe

Search for anomalous couplings in boosted WW/WZ -> l nu q(q)over-bar production in proton-proton collisions at root s=8TeV

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Measurement of the Jet Mass Distribution and Top Quark Mass in Hadronic Decays of Boosted Top Quarks in pp Collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement is reported of the jet mass distribution in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks produced in pp collisions at root s = 13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lepton + jets channel of t (t) over bar events, where the lepton is an electron or muon. The products of the hadronic top quark decay t -> bW -> bq (q) over bar' are reconstructed as a single jet with transverse momentum larger than 400 GeV. The t (t) over bar cross section as a function of the jet mass is unfolded at the particle level and used to extract a value of the top quark mass of 172.6 +/- 2.5 GeV. A novel jet reconstruction technique is used for the first time at the LHC, which improves the precision by a factor of 3 relative to an earlier measurement. This highlights the potential of measurements using boosted top quarks, where the new technique will enable future precision measurements.Peer reviewe