Tipos de atención psicológica prestada a niños, niñas y adolescentes en Comisarías de familia e ICBF de la ciudad de Medellín, cuando han sido abusados sexualmente

El principal objetivo de esta investigación es dar a conocer que tipo de intervención psicológica es brindada a los niños, niñas y adolescentes abusados sexualmente de la ciudad de Medellín, además de describir los procesos enmarcados legalmente llevados a cabo mediante unos lineamientos para el mismo caso de abuso sexual -- La información recolectada para dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación fue por medio de una revisión teórica, entrevistas a expertos en el tema y el análisis de las mismas por medio de la metodología hermenéutica, con el fin de obtener la información necesaria -- Es importante resaltar que esta investigación se centró en dos instituciones gubernamentales de la ciudad de Medellín, Comisaria de Familia y El Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familia

Dramaterapia: uma abordagem à construção de sentido na vida de jovens universitários

What is it like to live without questioning the meaning of existence? This document proposes how something as common and chaotic as existential crises can find transformation and change through drama therapy. This therapeutic tool facilitates emotional expression through drama (acting, play, dramaturgy, masks, among other elements of theatrical art) and generates powerful introspection processes in participants through their self-awareness, through provocative questions posed by the drama therapist. The social symptoms of existential emptiness end up generating emotional difficulties that can even lead to the loss of life for those who experience them. For this reason, it is decided to work with young people, as they are the population most affected by this problem. In other words, drama therapy aims to propose a path that approaches the construction of the purpose for which young people want to guide their lives. It is mixed research with a phenomenological and quasi-experimental design of pretest-post-test using the Purpose In Life (PIL) instrument, developing nine drama therapy workshops as an intervention strategy with nine university students. The average scores of the pretest (91.8, 104, 120) increased after the workshops (111.4, 118, 123.50). The effectiveness of drama therapy is supported by multiple variables (teamwork, collective support, love, and the possibility of observation from the outside). Drama therapy as an intervention strategy is a different, little-researched, and innovative way of working on an emotional level, as it provides the possibility of taking action in the face of one’s destiny and the way of seeing and acting in life.¿Qué es el vivir sin el cuestionamiento sobre el sentido de la existencia? Para el presente documento se plantea cómo algo tan común y caótico como lo son las crisis existenciales, pueden encontrar trasformación y cambio por medio de la dramaterapia. Dicha herramienta terapéutica facilita la expresión emocional por medio del drama (actuación, juego, dramaturgia, máscara, entre otros elementos del arte teatral) y genera, en quienes participan, procesos de introspección potentes a partir de su darse cuenta, por medio de las preguntas provocadoras efectuadas por quien desempeña el rol de dramaterapia. Los síntomas sociales de vacío existencial terminan por generar dificultades a nivel emocional que pueden incluso llegar a cobrar la vida de quien los experimenta. Por tal motivo se decide trabajar con los jóvenes, dado que es la población a quien más le aqueja esta problemática; es decir que a partir de la dramaterapia se pretende proponer un camino que aproxime hacia dicha construcción del motivo para el cual los jóvenes quieren guiar su vida.Es una investigación mixta de corte fenomenológico y cuasiexperimental de diseño pretest postest del instrumento Purpose In Life (PIL), desarrollando nueve talleres dramaterapéuticos, como estrategia de intervención en nueve estudiantes universitarios. Las puntuaciones medias del pretest (91.8, 104, 120) aumentaron tras los talleres (111.4, 118, 123.50). La efectividad de la dramaterapia se sustenta desde múltiples variables (trabajo en equipo, apoyo colectivo, amor y la posibilidad de observación desde el exterior). La dramaterapia como estrategia en la intervención es una forma distinta, poco investigada y novedosa de trabajar a nivel emocional, pues brinda la posibilidad de tomar acción frente a su destino y la forma de ver y actuar en la vida.Qu’est-ce que la vie sans s’interroger sur le sens de l’existence ? Dans cet article, nous examinons comment les crises existentielles, une situation aussi courante et chaotique, peut être transformée et changée grâce à la dramathérapie. Cet outil thérapeutique facilite l’expression émotionnelle à travers le drame (jeu, dramaturgie, masque, entre autres éléments de l’art théâtral) et génère, chez ceux qui y participent, de puissants processus d’introspection à partir de leur réalisation, à travers les questions provocatrices posées par la personne qui joue le rôle de dramathérapeute. Les symptômes sociaux du vide existentiel finissent par générer des difficultés au niveau émotionnel qui peuvent aller jusqu’à emporter la vie de la personne qui en fait l’expérience. Pour cette raison, il a été décidé de travailler avec des jeunes, puisque c’est la population la plus touchée par ce problème, c’est-à-dire qu’à partir de la dramathérapie, on veut proposer une manière d’aborder la construction de la raison pour laquelle les jeunes veulent orienter leur vie.Il s’agit d’une recherche mixte phénoménologique et quasi-expérimentale avec une conception pré-test-post-test de l’instrument Purpose In Life (PIL), développant neuf séances de dramathérapie en tant que stratégie d’intervention pour neuf étudiants universitaires. Les scores moyens du pré-test (91,8, 104, 120) ont augmenté après les ateliers (111,4, 118, 123,50). L’efficacité de la dramathérapie repose sur de multiples variables (travail d’équipe, soutien collectif, amour et possibilité d’observation de l’extérieur).La dramathérapie comme stratégie d’intervention est une manière différente, peu étudiée et innovante de travailler sur le plan émotionnel, car elle offre la possibilité d’agir sur son destin et sur sa manière de voir et de se comporter dans la vie.O que é a vida sem questionar o sentido da existência? Neste artigo, consideramos como algo tão comum e caótico como as crises existenciais pode encontrar transformação e mudança através da dramaterapia. Esta ferramenta terapêutica facilita a expressão emocional através do drama (representação, jogo, dramaturgia, máscara, entre outros elementos da arte teatral) e gera, em quem participa, poderosos processos de introspeção a partir da sua realização, através das perguntas provocadoras feitas pela pessoa que desempenha o papel de drama-terapeuta. Os sintomas sociais do vazio existencial acabam por gerar dificuldades a nível emocional que podem até tirar a vida da pessoa que os experimenta. Por este motivo decidiu-se trabalhar com jovens, já que é a população a quem esta problemática mais incomoda; ou seja, a partir da dramaterapia pretende-se propor uma forma de abordar esta construção da razão pela qual os jovens querem orientar as suas vidas. Trata-se de uma investigação mista fenomenológica e quase-experimental com um desenho pré-teste-pós-teste do instrumento Purpose In Life (PIL), desenvolvendo nove workshops dramático-terapêuticos como estratégia de intervenção em nove estudantes universitários. As pontuações médias do pré-teste (91.8, 104, 120) aumentaram após os workshops (111.4, 118, 123.50). A eficácia da dramaterapia é apoiada por múltiplas variáveis (trabalho de equipa, apoio coletivo, amor e a possibilidade de observação externa). A dramaterapia como estratégia de intervenção é uma forma diferente, pouco estudada e inovadora de trabalhar a nível emocional, pois oferece a possibilidade de agir contra o seu destino e a sua forma de ver e agir na vida

Matrix construction as dermal substitutes: potential application in skin regeneration

La pérdida de grandes porciones de piel limita su capacidad de regeneración, haciendo difícil su tratamiento. Mediante la ingeniería de tejidos se han desarrollado sustitutos dérmicos que promueven la regeneración; sin embargo, es necesario hallar un material para el crecimiento de fibroblastos que sea un sustituto dérmico adecuado. En este trabajo se construyeron matrices tridimensionales porosas de colágeno y colágeno-ácido hialurónico evaluando su potencial como sustituto dérmico. Las matrices se entrecruzaron con 1-etil-3-(3-dimetilaminopropil) carbodiimida hidrocloruro. Se evaluó la porosidad, se realizaron pruebas de degradación, evaluación de adherencia celular con fibroblastos humanos y, ensayos de viabilidad y proliferación. Las matrices presentaron poros de 50 μm de diámetro uniformemente distribuidos. Las matrices de colágeno y colágeno-ácido hialurónico (2:8 y 4:6) presentaron una degradación progresiva con pesos similares. Luego de 24 horas en cultivo, los resultados de la prueba de MTT mostraron que los fibroblastos en colágeno proliferaron; mientras que los fibroblastos en colágeno-ácido hialurónico no evidenciaron proliferación. Aunque la estructura porosa y la tasa de degradación de las matrices son similares, las de colágeno brindan mejores condiciones de adhesión y proliferación a los fibroblastos cultivados en comparación con las que tienen ácido hialurónico como adición, convirtiéndose en el mejor andamio para ser empleado como sustituto dérmico entre las matrices evaluadas.Wounds can cause loss of skin that limits the skin regeneration, making the treatment more difficult to address. The tissue engineering has developed skin substitutes that promote skin regeneration; however, it is imperative to find materials that allow fibroblast growth in order to find an appropriate skin substitute. The construction of tridimensional porous collagen and collagenhyaluronic acid matrixes crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride is presented in order to evaluate their potential use in skin regeneration therapies. Matrix porosity was evaluated. Degradation tests, human fibroblast adherence, viability and proliferation tests were performed. Matrixes had a uniform distributed porosity with mean diameters of 50 μm. Both collagen and collagen-hyaluronic acid (2:8 and 4:6) matrixes presented a progressive degradation rate with similar weight. After 24 hours under culture, the number of fibroblasts seeded on collagen matrixes were doubled, while the number of fibroblast seeded on collagen-hyaluronic acid matrixes remained similar. Even though porous structure and degradation rate of different types of constructed matrixes in this study are similar, collagen matrixes offer better adhesion and proliferation conditions for seeded fibroblasts in comparison with hyaluronic acid added matrixes, making them the best scaffold to be employed as a dermic substitute among the matrixes compared here

Physical, chemical and biological characterization as support for water governance in a hydrogeological system of Colombia

Understanding the physical, chemical and biological system is an indispensable precondition to addressing groundwater management. This understanding is based on Conceptual Hydrogeological Models, which contain different interpretations and their validity is checked through the application of specific research techniques (numerical modelling, hydrochemistry, isotope hydrology,process evaluation and biological functions). This paper describes the experience carried out by an academic team that, together with entities responsible for the protection of waterresources, established strategic alliances to improve the knowledge of the hydrogeological system,providing new elements for governance. This study was carried out in the Urabá antioqueño zone, located north-west of Colombia. A complex aquifer system is located in the region,characterized by a series of permeable, semi-permeable and impermeable layers. In such alayered aquifer the determination of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the layers and their management are a challenge for researchers because groundwater represents a strategic resource for supplying the population and developing economic activities. Starting from the conceptual hydrogeological model, multiscale numerical modelling exercises have been carried out, enabling the characterization of local, intermediate and regional flow systems. In addition,by determining the natural background level, the concentration ranges of chemical compounds from natural sources were obtained, in order to detect future changes in water quality. It was also possible to examine the stygofauna, which allowed the recognition of different types of organisms (stygobits, stygophiles and stygoxens) associated with underground ecosystems.These scientific elements serve as a support for the management instruments such as the groundwater management plan that is important for water governance, ensuring its future sustainability

Falla renal aguda y nefritis intersticial asociada a picadura de alacrán: artículo de revisión

Secondary poisoning from scorpion stings is common in tropical and subtropical regions, even representing a public health problem in the north of the Sahara, the Middle East, the south of India, Mexico and Brazil, however, because in various parts of the world its occurrence is not mandatory notification, there is currently an underreporting of its prevalence. The clinical manifestations related to the attack of these animals vary from local presentations to moderate to severe multisystemic involvement that, if not identified in time, could lead to death. Medical management focuses on initial support measures as well as the administration of the antidote, which has successfully demonstrated the reduction of complications associated with lethality. Through this document, we seek to provide an updated vision of the problem in question to facilitate the timely identification of cases as well as the effective establishment of comprehensive medical management and, therefore, the reduction of epidemiological figures related to morbidity and mortality.El envenenamiento secundario a la picadura de alacrán es común en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales llegando a representar incluso un problema en salud pública en el norte del Sáhara, Oriente Medio, el sur de la India, México y Brasil sin embargo, debido a que en diversas partes del mundo su ocurrencia no es de obligatoria notificación, en la actualidad existe un subregistro sobre su prevalencia. Las manifestaciones clínicas relacionadas con el ataque de estos animales varían desde presentaciones locales hasta compromiso multisistémico de gravedad moderada a severa que de no ser identificados a tiempo podrían llegar a generar la muerte. El manejo médico se enfoca en medidas de soporte inicial así como en la administración del antídoto el cual ha logrado evidenciar de manera exitosa la disminución de complicaciones asociadas con letalidad. Por medio de este documento se busca brindar una visión actualizada sobre la problemática en cuestión con el fin de facilitar la identificación oportuna de los casos así como la instauración efectiva del manejo médico integral y por ende, la disminución de cifras epidemiológicas relacionadas con morbimortalidad

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe