Systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term oncological outcomes of lateral lymph node dissection for metastatic nodes after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer

Available online 29 April 2022Abstract not availableHidde M. Kroon, Lotje A. Hoogervorst, Nicole Hanna-Rivero, Luke Traeger, Nagendra N. Dudi-Venkata, Sergei Bedrikovetski, Miranda Kusters, George J. Chang, Michelle L. Thomas, Tarik Sammou

Curating the Digital in Everyday Life - Ein Werkstattbericht

Das Studienprojekt "Curating the Digital in Everyday Life" des Instituts für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin beschäftigte sich in einer einjährigen Forschung mit den Verflechtungen von Menschen, Medien und Alltag. Den Rahmen und Ausgangspunkt der einzelnen Fallstudien bildete die Annahme, dass neue digitale Praktiken unseren Alltag tiefgreifend verändern und Alltagsakteur*innen im Umgang mit der digitalen Fülle an Artefakten eigenständige Praktiken des Kuratierens entwickeln und umsetzen. Sie wählen Objekte aus, ordnen und stellen zusammen, um die Welt auf eine bestimmte Art und Weise darzustellen, Geschichten zu erzählen, Wert zu generieren oder Normen in Frage zu stellen. Auch Algorithmen und Infrastrukturen sind an diesen Prozessen aktiv beteiligt, denn die verschiedenen "Ausstellungsräume" im Internet entstehen erst im Umgang mit den spezifischen Affordanzen der Plattformen.The student research project "Curating the Digital in Everyday Life" by the Institute for European Ethnology at the Humboldt-University of Berlin dealt with the entanglements between people, media and everyday life. The framework and starting point of the individual case studies is based on the assumption that new digital practices profoundly change our everyday life and everyday actors develop and implement independent curating practices in dealing with the digital wealth of artifacts. They select objects, arrange and put them together to present the world in a certain way, to tell stories, to generate value or to question norms. Algorithms and infrastructures are also actively involved in these processes. These various online "exhibition spaces" only arise when dealing with the platform's specific affordances

PS Curating the Digital in Everyday Life - A Workshop Report

Das Studienprojekt ›Curating the Digital in Everyday Life‹ des Instituts für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin beschäftigte sich in einer einjährigen Forschung mit den Verflechtungen von Menschen, Medien und Alltag. Den Rahmen und Ausgangspunkt der einzelnen Fallstudien bildete die Annahme, dass neue digitale Praktiken unseren Alltag tiefgreifend verändern und Alltagsakteur*innen im Umgang mit der digitalen Fülle an Artefakten eigenständige Praktiken des Kuratierens entwickeln und umsetzen. Sie wählen Objekte aus, ordnen und stellen zusammen, um die Welt auf eine bestimmte Art und Weise darzustellen, Geschichten zu erzählen, Wert zu generieren oder Normen in Frage zu stellen. Auch Algorithmen und Infrastrukturen sind an diesen Prozessen aktiv beteiligt, denn die verschiedenen ›Ausstellungsräume‹ im Internet entstehen erst im Umgang mit den spezifischen Affordanzen der Plattformen.The student research project ›Curating the Digital in Everyday Life‹ by the Institute for European Ethnology at the Humboldt-University of Berlin dealt with the entanglements between people, media and everyday life. The framework and starting point of the individual case studies is based on the assumption that new digital practices profoundly change our everyday life and everyday actors develop and implement independent curating practices in dealing with the digital wealth of artifacts. They select objects, arrange and put them together to present the world in a certain way, to tell stories, to generate value or to question norms. Algorithms and infrastructures are also actively involved in these processes. These various online ›exhibition spaces‹ only arise when dealing with the platform's specific affordances. &nbsp

PS Curating the Digital in Everyday Life - A Workshop Report

Das Studienprojekt ›Curating the Digital in Everyday Life‹ des Instituts für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin beschäftigte sich in einer einjährigen Forschung mit den Verflechtungen von Menschen, Medien und Alltag. Den Rahmen und Ausgangspunkt der einzelnen Fallstudien bildete die Annahme, dass neue digitale Praktiken unseren Alltag tiefgreifend verändern und Alltagsakteur*innen im Umgang mit der digitalen Fülle an Artefakten eigenständige Praktiken des Kuratierens entwickeln und umsetzen. Sie wählen Objekte aus, ordnen und stellen zusammen, um die Welt auf eine bestimmte Art und Weise darzustellen, Geschichten zu erzählen, Wert zu generieren oder Normen in Frage zu stellen. Auch Algorithmen und Infrastrukturen sind an diesen Prozessen aktiv beteiligt, denn die verschiedenen ›Ausstellungsräume‹ im Internet entstehen erst im Umgang mit den spezifischen Affordanzen der Plattformen.The student research project ›Curating the Digital in Everyday Life‹ by the Institute for European Ethnology at the Humboldt-University of Berlin dealt with the entanglements between people, media and everyday life. The framework and starting point of the individual case studies is based on the assumption that new digital practices profoundly change our everyday life and everyday actors develop and implement independent curating practices in dealing with the digital wealth of artifacts. They select objects, arrange and put them together to present the world in a certain way, to tell stories, to generate value or to question norms. Algorithms and infrastructures are also actively involved in these processes. These various online ›exhibition spaces‹ only arise when dealing with the platform's specific affordances. &nbsp

The Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects over 30% of adults in the United States. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is known to contribute to hepatic fibrosis, but the role of BMP signaling in the development of NAFLD is unclear. In this study, treatment with either of two BMP inhibitors reduced hepatic triglyceride content in diabetic (db/db) mice. BMP inhibitor-induced decrease in hepatic triglyceride levels was associated with decreased mRNA encoding Dgat2, an enzyme integral to triglyceride synthesis. Treatment of hepatoma cells with BMP2 induced DGAT2 expression and activity via intracellular SMAD signaling. In humans we identified a rare missense single nucleotide polymorphism in the BMP type 1 receptor ALK6 (rs34970181;R371Q) associated with a 2.1-fold increase in the prevalence of NAFLD. In vitro analyses revealed R371Q:ALK6 is a previously unknown constitutively active receptor. These data show that BMP signaling is an important determinant of NAFLD in a murine model and is associated with NAFLD in humans

De novo variants in RNF213 are associated with a clinical spectrum ranging from Leigh syndrome to early-onset stroke

Purpose: RNF213, encoding a giant E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been recognized for its role as a key susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease. Case reports have also implicated specific variants in RNF213 with an early-onset form of moyamoya disease with full penetrance. We aimed to expand the phenotypic spectrum of monogenic RNF213-related disease and to evaluate genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods: Patients were identified through reanalysis of exome sequencing data of an unselected cohort of unsolved pediatric cases and through GeneMatcher or ClinVar. Functional characterization was done by proteomics analysis and oxidative phosphorylation enzyme activities using patient-derived fibroblasts. Results: We identified 14 individuals from 13 unrelated families with (de novo) missense variants in RNF213 clustering within or around the Really Interesting New Gene (RING) domain. Individuals presented either with early-onset stroke (n = 11) or with Leigh syndrome (n = 3). No genotype-phenotype correlation could be established. Proteomics using patient-derived fibroblasts revealed no significant differences between clinical subgroups. 3D modeling revealed a clustering of missense variants in the tertiary structure of RNF213 potentially affecting zinc-binding suggesting a gain-of-function or dominant negative effect. Conclusion: De novo missense variants in RNF213 clustering in the E3 RING or other regions affecting zinc-binding lead to an early-onset syndrome characterized by stroke or Leigh syndrome

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care