How have employees fared? Recent UK trends

An analysis of trends over the past decade in earnings, job growth, employment security and working time experienced by UK employees.DTI; EMAR; Great Britain; UK; employment relations research series; Labour Force Survey; labour market; employees; quality of work; job quality; earnings growth; disappearing middle; income inequality; job polarisation; employment security; job security; working time; long hours; temporary work

Non-backtracking random walk

We consider non-backtracking random walk (NBW) in the nearest-neighbor setting on the Zd-lattice and on tori. We evaluate the eigensystem of the m X m-dimensional transition matrix of NBW where m denote the degree of the graph. We use its eigensystem to show a functional central limit theorem for NBW on Zd and to obtain estimates on the convergence towards the stationary distribution for NBW on the torus

What Makes a Good Descriptor for Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation on OH-Patterned Surfaces

Freezing of water is arguably one of the most common phase transitions on Earth and almost always happens heterogeneously. Despite its importance, we lack a fundamental understanding of what makes substrates efficient ice nucleators. Here we address this by computing the ice nucleation (IN) ability of numerous model hydroxylated substrates with diverse surface hydroxyl (OH) group arrangements. Overall, for the substrates considered, we find that neither the symmetry of the OH patterns nor the similarity between a substrate and ice correlate well with the IN ability. Instead, we find that the OH density and the substrate-water interaction strength are useful descriptors of a material's IN ability. This insight allows the rationalization of ice nucleation ability across a wide range of materials, and can aid the search and design of novel potent ice nucleators in the future.Comment: main text + S