The daylighting contribution in the electric lighting energy uses: EN standard and alternative method comparison

The standard EN 15193: 2007. Energy performance of Buildings. Energy requirements for lighting includes a comprehensive method, which takes into account the daylighting contribution in the calculation procedure. Such contribution is obtained through several approximations. An alternative approach is developed, where the daylighting contribution is based on the availability of outdoor illuminance data and an explicit procedure. The methods are tested on a standard office building, whose lighting requirements are calculated for different visual tasks, observation positions and climatic zones. The results show discrepancies among the methods and address the need of a more accurate estimation of the lighting energy service

LETTURA DELLE MISURE DALLA CARTA AL NUMERICO

Questo lavoro riguarda i problemi causati e le possibilità offerte dal passaggio dalla cartografia tradizionale a quella digitale

EINIGE ANMERKUNGEN ZUR VERFASSUNGSIDENTIT\uc4T IN ITALIEN

Schon seit dem Vertrag von Maastricht tr\ue4gt der Vertrag \ufcber die Europ\ue4ische Union die Verpflichtung f\ufcr die Union, die nationale Identit\ue4t ihrer Mitgliedstaaten zu achten. Der Vertrag von Lissabon hat die Klausel \ufcber den Respekt der nationalen Identit\ue4ten erweitert, und versucht ihre Tragweite zu erkl\ue4ren

Compuchem applied to the study of semiconductive transition metal complexes architectures.

Metalloporphyrins, although trackable in abiotic systems, play a central role in fundamental biological processes, such as oxygen transport and storage, photosynthesis and electron transport during cellular respiration and photosynthesis. The relevance of this class of molecules is not limited to the biological environment, but it extends to important technological fields such as electronics, solar cells and sensors. Thus, it explains the continuously growing interdisciplinary interest for them and the push to develop novel porphyrin-like molecules, whose electronic and optical properties may be tuned through molecular engineering. In this thesis it is presented an experimental and theoretical study of the occupied/unoccupied electronic structure of two π-conjugated organic macrocycles [5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin (H2TPP(F))] and their Cu(II) complexes (CuTPP e CuTPP(F)) deposited as films on metallic surfaces. Several papers have been published in the past on this issue; on the other hand, I believe that my study represents a significant advance because, for the first time, all the relevant electronic shells (from the core levels of C, N, F and Cu to the occupied and unoccupied molecular orbitals) are consistently investigated with unprecedented detail. The agreement between experiments and theory is noticeable, allowing the assignment of the main features of the valence and core level spectra, as well as to correlate these features with the different atomic contributions. Moreover, new insights into the empty states of the investigated molecules and the metal-ligand bonding scheme have been gained by combining XAS data at the C, N, F K-edge and Cu L2,3-edges with open-shell relativistic ZORA TD-DFT calculations. The excellent agreement between experimental evidence and theoretical results encourages us to apply the open-shell TD-DFT approach to different ligands and corresponding Cu complexes

Reducing inappropriate antibiotics prescribing: The role of online commentary on physical examination findings

Objective: This study investigates the relationship of ‘online commentary’(contemporaneous physician comments about physical examination [PE] findings) with (i) parent questioning of the treatment recommendation and (ii) inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. Methods: A nested cross-sectional study of 522 encounters motivated by upper respiratory symptoms in 27 California pediatric practices (38 pediatricians). Physicians completed a post-visit survey regarding physical examination findings, diagnosis, treatment, and whether they perceived the parent as expecting an antibiotic. Taped encounters were coded for ‘problem’ online commentary (PE findings discussed as significant or clearly abnormal) and ‘no problem’ online commentary (PE findings discussed reassuringly as normal or insignificant). Results: Online commentary during the PE occurred in 73% of visits with viral diagnoses (n = 261). Compared to similar cases with ‘no problem’ online commentary, ‘problem’ comments were associated with a 13% greater probability of parents uestioning a non-antibiotic treatment plan (95% CI 0-26%, p = .05,) and a 27% (95% CI: 2-52%, p < .05) greater probability of an inappropriate antibiotic prescription. Conclusion: With viral illnesses, problematic online comments are associated with more pediatrician-parent conflict over non-antibiotic treatment recommendations. This may increase inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. Practice implications: In viral cases, physicians should consider avoiding the use of problematic online commentary