15 research outputs found

    Prevalencia de anemia en alumnos de nuevo ingreso a la universidad del área de salud

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    La anemia es el resultado de una baja en las cifras del total de eritrocitos y/o en la concentración de hemoglobina en una persona y es un problema que afecta el desarrollo físico y mental además se vincula en la mayoría de los casos a sensaciones de fatiga y debilidad, lo que puede llegar a dificultar el buen desempeño en otras actividades incluso como las escolares, por consiguiente el objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de anemia en el grupo de estudiantes de nuevo ingreso del área de la salud en una institución de educación superior (IES) en el sureste de México, con un enfoque de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyen en el estudio 66 sujetos (68% son mujeres y 32 %son hombres). Se determinó que el 19.69 % presentan anemia normocítica, normocrómica, siendo el género femenino el más afectado. Dichos resultados indican que la presencia de anemia existe en los jóvenes universitarios, a pesar de ser un porcentaje bajo, cabe considerar el tamaño de la muestra. Aunque los resultados no demuestren que es un problema grave que deba ser atendido; se considera importante generar estrategia de intervención para mejorar el estado de salud, así como aumentar el número de participantes y una posible relación con el rendimiento escolar. Palabras clave: Anemia, rendimiento académico, universitarios.   ABSTRACT It is considered as a didactic guide the digital or printed instrument that constitutes a resource for learning through which the action of the teacher and the students within the teaching process is specified, in a planned and organized way, it provides technical information to the student and has as a premise education as conduction and active process. It is based on didactics as a science to generate cognitive development and learning styles from itself. It constitutes a transcendental resource because it perfects the teacher's work in the preparation and orientation of teaching tasks as a basic cell of the teaching-learning process, whose realization is subsequently controlled in the curricular activities themselves. This didactic guide contemplates seven fundamental steps, 1) Title, 2) Abstract, 3) Keywords, 4) Introduction, 5) Presentation, 6) Discussion, 7) Conclusions, 8) References and 9) Others. This sequence of steps allows the systematic review of a clinical case with a nutritional perspective in the undergraduate, with the aim of facilitating the transformation of learning, which contributes to the change that education requires so that future professionals graduate capable of corresponding to today's society. Keywords: Didactic guide, nutritional assessment, food plan

    Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

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    Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

    INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS. ESTADO ACTUAL DEL CONOCIMIENTO: INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO

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    One of the research lines that has generated the most interest in recent years, within the field of Emotional Intelligence, has been the analysis of the role that emotions play in the educational context and the influence of the variable when determining both the academic success of the students and their school adaptation. For this reason, the objective of this work is to describe the current state of knowledge of emotional intelligence and its relationship with academic performance. A descriptive documentary study is presented, a review of scientific articles, using the key statements "emotional intelligence" and "academic performance" on Google Academic platform. The articles were analyzed using a double entry matrix identifying the correspondence between the objectives, the methodology, the results and the conclusions. 96,500 results were determined in 0.20 seconds, of which 0.0083% meet the inclusion criteria. In higher education institutions, the awareness has progressively increased the acquisition of merely academic knowledge is not enough to achieve school success. Considering the emotional aspects in the classroom has great educational implications, especially in relation to emotional well-being, the improvement of school life and student performance. KEYWORDS: emotional intelligence; academic performance; University students.En el campo de la investigación orientada al estudio de la Inteligencia Emocional, existe actualmente una connotación enfatizada en la línea de investigación que se direcciona al análisis del papel que juegan las emociones en relación al desarrollo óptimo de los sujetos en el contexto educativo en relación al éxito académico y al nivel de adaptación escolar que presentan los estudiantes. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar el nivel de conocimiento actual que se posee sobre la inteligencia emocional y la interrelación con el rendimiento académico.  Se presenta un estudio documental descriptivo, revisión de artículos científicos, utilizando enunciados claves “inteligencia emocional” y “rendimiento académico” en el buscador Google Académico. Los artículos se analizaron mediante una matriz de doble entrada identificando la correspondencia entre objetivos, metodología, resultados y conclusiones. Se determinaron 96,500 resultados en 0.20 segundos, de los cuales, el 0.0083 % cumplen con los criterios de inclusión. Actualmente es imperativa la necesidad de reconocer y considerar que los aspectos emocionales tienen grandes implicaciones educativas, sobre todo en lo relacionado al bienestar emocional, la mejora de la convivencia escolar y el rendimiento de los estudiantes. Por lo cual las instituciones de educación superior cada vez más se suman a la incorporación de dicha perspectiva reconociendo que la adquisición de conocimientos meramente académicos no es suficiente para conseguir el éxito escolar.

    Inteligencia emocional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios. Estado actual del conocimiento

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    En el campo de la investigación orientada al estudio de la Inteligencia Emocional, existe actualmente una connotación enfatizada en la línea de investigación que se direcciona al análisis del papel que juegan las emociones en relación al desarrollo óptimo de los sujetos en el contexto educativo en relación al éxito académico y al nivel de adaptación escolar que presentan los estudiantes. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar el nivel de conocimiento actual que se posee sobre la inteligencia emocional y la interrelación con el rendimiento académico.  Se presenta un estudio documental descriptivo, revisión de artículos científicos, utilizando enunciados claves “inteligencia emocional” y “rendimiento académico” en el buscador Google Académico. Los artículos se analizaron mediante una matriz de doble entrada identificando la correspondencia entre objetivos, metodología, resultados y conclusiones. Se determinaron 96,500 resultados en 0.20 segundos, de los cuales, el 0.0083 % cumplen con los criterios de inclusión. Actualmente es imperativa la necesidad de reconocer y considerar que los aspectos emocionales tienen grandes implicaciones educativas, sobre todo en lo relacionado al bienestar emocional, la mejora de la convivencia escolar y el rendimiento de los estudiantes. Por lo cual las instituciones de educación superior cada vez más se suman a la incorporación de dicha perspectiva reconociendo que la adquisición de conocimientos meramente académicos no es suficiente para conseguir el éxito escolar

    La evaluación colegiada de las competencias básicas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias : hacia un modelo de escuela inclusiva y sostenible

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    Precede al título: Educación Primaria y Educación Secundaria ObligatoriaLa Ley Orgánica de Educación (LOE) introduce el concepto de «competencias básicas» como eje articulador del currículo, conectando de pleno con las reflexiones y las estrategias que se están desarrollando en otros sistemas educativos internacionales a la luz del informe Delors (1996), el documento DeSeCo (Definición y Selección de Competencias fundamentales) elaborado por la OCDE, de las evaluaciones PISA (Programa para la Evaluación Internacional del Alumnado), etc. Esta propuesta centra el foco en la dimensión formativa de la «evaluación», aspecto inacabado con la LOGSE (Ley Orgánica General del Sistema Educativo), a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados en esa dirección. Trabajar en las aulas para la consecución de las «competencias básicas» lleva ineludiblemente al problema de cómo evaluarlas de forma colegiada —cuando la propia ordenación del sistema educativo fragmenta cada una de las enseñanzas en diferentes áreas o materias— y de cómo emplear la información que proporciona esta labor para hacer valer el sentido formativo y regulador que debe tener la evaluación de las competencias básicas.Consejería de Educación y Universidades. Dirección General de Ordenación, Innovación y Promoción Educativa; Avda. Buenos Aires, 5; 38071 Tenerife; Tel. +34922592592; Fax +34922592570; [email protected]

    Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

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    As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

    Characteristics and predictors of death among 4035 consecutively hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Spain

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    NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

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    Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

    International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

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    We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN
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