Kepimpinan Teragih di Sekolah Kebangsaan dan Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina di Semenanjung Malaysia

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan kepimpinan teragih dalam kalangan guru besar di Sekolah Kebangsaan (SK) dan Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina (SJKC) di Semenanjung Malaysia. Secara khususnya, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan kepimpinan teragih berdasarkan dimensi Visi, Misi dan Matlamat, Budaya Sekolah, Perkongsian Tanggungjawab dan Amalan Kepimpinan serta perbezaannya antara dua jenis aliran sekolah tersebut. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan kaedah kuantitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan. Sebanyak 384 orang guru dari SK dan 379 orang guru dari SJKC telah dipilih secara rawak sebagai responden dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensi dengan menggunakan skor min, sisihan piawai dan ujian-t. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap amalan kepimpinan teragih secara keseluruhannya di SK (M=4.03; SP=.40) dan SJKC (M=3.99; SP=.45) berada pada tahap yang Tinggi. Selain itu, dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan dimensi Visi, Misi dan Matlamat, Budaya Sekolah, Perkongsian Tanggungjawab dan Amalan Kepimpinan berada pada tahap yang Tinggi dan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan tahap amalan kepimpinan teragih (t=.990, df=761, p> .05) antara dua jenis aliran sekolah tersebut. Kajian ini dapat menyumbang kefahaman kepada para guru besar tentang kepentingan amalan kepimpinan teragih di sekolah. Selain itu, kajian ini telah menambah maklumat mengenai kepimpinan teragih dan penambahan maklumat ini dapat membantu pengkaji lain dalam kajian lanjutan tentang kepimpinan teragih dalam proses mencapai tujuan reformasi pendidikan selaras dengan Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025 (PPPM)

Principals’ Change Leadership Competencies: A Study in Malaysian High Performing Secondary School

The purpose of the study was to examine teachers’ perception regarding Principals’ Change Leadership Competencies (PCLC) in managing change. A total of 936 teachers from 47 High Performing Secondary School (HPSS) in Malaysia completed the survey. The findings revealed that i) principals in HPSS possess adequate PCLC; ii) although PCLC was reported higher in rural rather than urban area, it was not reliably related to location of school; iii) principals in Fully Residential Secondary School achieved the highest PCLC, followed by principals in Daily Secondary School and Religious Secondary School;  iv) PCLC was reliably related to the type of HPSS; v) principals achieved the highest mean score of PCLC in Goal Framing domain but the lowest score in Defusing Resistance and Conflict domain regardless of school location and type of HPSS; vi) principals of HPSS were not competent in the domain of Defusing Resistance and Conflict; vii) principals of Religious Secondary School were not competent both in Defusing Resistance and Conflict and Capacity Building domain; viii) in terms of four domains,  except Defusing Resistance and Conflict,  PCLC was not reliably related to location of school; and ix) in terms of four domains, PCLC was reliably related to the type of HPSS. The study offers relevant parties a lens through which they could better understand, prepare for, and enhance principals’ capacity for change. Specifically, it provides direction for practitioners as useful feedback in planning, designing, implementing and evaluating future change management training programs for principals to best lead change in schools. Keywords: Principals’ Change Leadership Competencies, High Performing Secondary Schools, Goal Framing, Capacity Building, Defusing Resistance and Conflict, Institutionalizin

Mengurus Perubahan Semasa Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Bersyarat (PKPB) di Sebuah Sekolah Menengah: Suatu Pemerhatian Awal

Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan menerusi kaedah pemerhatian di sebuah sekolah menengah dalam daerah Batu Gajah di Negeri Perak. Populasi kajian terdiri daripada 102 orang murid Tingkatan Lima di sekolah tersebut. Pemerhatian dibuat ke atas peserta kajian berdasarkan tempoh masa yang tertentu yang telah ditetapkan. Oleh itu, dari kaedah pemerhatian, keputusan yang diperoleh adalah lebih tepat. Menerusi pemerhatian, Model Kompetensi Kepimpinan Perubahan (MKKP) telah digunakan oleh pengetua semasa berhadapan dengan perubahan dalam tadbir urus sekolah. Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Bersyarat (PKPB) telah mengubah pembudayaan dan iklim sekolah menerusi kepimpinan pengetua. Kajian dijalankan setelah pembukaan semula sekolah bagi murid yang mengambil peperiksaan SPM dan STPM. Kepimpinan pengetua dapat dilihat menerusi pencapaian matlamat perubahan yang telah dirancang dari awal proses perubahan. Pengetua juga berjaya melakukan perubahan dengan cara yang kreatif dan proaktif terhadap sekolah tersebut. Hal ini dapat dilihat menerusi kepimpinan pengetua dalam menguruskan perubahan sekolah adalah amat penting kerana peranan pengetua sebagai individu yang bertanggungjawab secara langsung ke atas perubahan di sekolah

Principal change leadership competencies and teacher attitudes toward change: the mediating effects of teacher change beliefs

This study investigates the relationship between Principal Change Leadership Competencies, Teacher Change Beliefs and Teacher Attitudes toward Change. A total of 936 teachers from 47 High Performing Secondary Schools in Malaysia completed the survey. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the models. Firstly, the results showed that Principal Change Leadership Competencies was significantly related to Teacher Change Beliefs and implied that if school principals equipped themselves with sufficient Principal Change Leadership Competencies, Teacher Change Beliefs can certainly be enhanced. Secondly, Teacher Change Beliefs was significantly related to Teacher Attitudes toward Change whereby the stronger the Teacher Change Beliefs, the greater the enhancement of Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Thirdly, Teacher Change Beliefs was indeed a total mediator in the relationship of Principal Change Leadership Competencies and Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Put simply, via Teacher Change Beliefs, the impact of Principal Change Leadership Competencies on Teacher Attitudes toward Change was relatively strong as Teacher Change Beliefs greatly facilitated the influence of Principal Change Leadership Competencies on Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Thus, in-depth enhancing Teacher Change Beliefs is one of the effective ways to increase the likelihood of teachers to embrace change. Fourthly, Principal Change Leadership Competencies was more influential than teachers’ self-influence in enhancing Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Therefore, concerted effort must be given to prioritize the continuous development of principal change leadership in effective change management. The study encourages a fresh look at change leadership development and ultimately alters the traditional approach of school principals in managing change

Teacher change beliefs: validating a scale with structural equation modelling

The objectives of the study were to validate a substantiated Teacher Change Beliefs Model (TCBM) and an instrument to identify critical components of teacher change beliefs (TCB) in Malaysian secondary schools. Five different pilot test approaches were applied to ensure the validity and reliability of the instrument. A total of 936 teachers from 47 high-performing secondary schools completed the survey. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the models. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify the underlying factors, whereas confirmatory factor analysis was applied to test the measurement models. The analysis yielded a three-factor TCBM: (1) discrepancy, (2) efficacy and (3) principal support. The results demonstrated a good fit of the model: normed χ2 = 3.156, Tucker-Lewis Fix Index = .987, Comparative Fix Index = .991 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = .048. The results also provided evidence for convergent validity, discriminant validity and construct reliability. The TCBM is an empirically tested model derived in a local Malaysian cultural education setting. It provides direction for practitioners in planning and designing training programmes of change management for school principals in the enhancement of TCB among teachers in schools. Besides, Teacher Change Beliefs Scale is a promising and welcome tool for both practitioners and researchers. With only nine items, it is easy to administer and not time-consumin

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe