Planificación Estratégica Urbana en América Latina: Experiencias de Construcción y Gestión del Futuro

Strategic Planning is a process which permits the articulation of the initiatives of public and private stakeholders which seek synergies for the development of a city. It is about: • An adaptable, non-rigid methodology for which flexibility is an indispensable precondition. • A tool for local development which conceives those strategic interventions that guarantee the quality of life, and the economic and social progress. • A mechanism to promote progressive forms of governance, substantially improving democracy through a real collaboration between public and private urban stakeholders. • A modern, participatory and democratic form of thinking about urban development which permits to establish a reference for all those economic and social actors who can harmonise their own strategies with those scenarios which are desired for their city or territory. • A new instrument which facilitates the management of a city in a period of frequent and substantial changes which stimulates the necessary imagination to deal with this.2 This document presents the experiences of Córdoba, Rosario and Buenos Aires in Argentina, Santiago de Chile, Santa Cruz de la Sierra and La Paz in Bolivia, Trujillo, various Districts of Lima, Bogotá, in Colombia, and Havana in Cuba in the field of strategic urban planning and the implementation of such plans. Strategic Urban Planning comes with the promise of a fundamental change in the city, opening new routes towards the new millenium with programmes and projects that are really transforming, modernising and innovative. The document is divided into three main parts: • A brief presentation of the key orientations of the Strategic Urban Development Plans of all cities included in this comparative study. • A set of questions and the respective answers for each city. • Specific and general conclusions

Strategic Urban Planning in Latin America: Experiences of Building and Managing the Future

Strategic Planning is a process which permits the articulation of the initiatives of public and private stakeholders which seek synergies for the development of a city. It is about: • An adaptable, non-rigid methodology for which flexibility is an indispensable precondition. • A tool for local development which conceives strategic interventions that guarantee the quality of life, and economic and social progress. • A mechanism to promote progressive forms of governance, substantially improving local democracy through a real collaboration between public and private urban stakeholders. • A modern, participatory and democratic form of thinking about urban development which permits to establish a reference for all those economic and social actors who can harmonise their own strategies with those scenarios which are desired for their city or territory. • A new instrument which facilitates the management of a city in a period of frequent and substantial changes which stimulates the necessary imagination to deal with this.2 This document presents the experiences of Cordoba, Rosario and Buenos Aires in Argentina, Santiago de Chile, Santa Cruz de la Sierra and La Paz in Bolivia, Trujillo, various Districts of Lima in Peru, Bogotá in Colombia, and Havana in Cuba in the field of strategic urban planning and the implementation of such plans. Strategic Urban Planning comes with the promise of a fundamental change in the city, opening new routes towards the new millenium with programmes and projects that are really transforming, modernising and innovative. The document is divided into three main parts: • A discussion of the experiences of the strategic urban development plans of each city. • A brief presentation of the key themes of the Strategic Urban Development Plans of all cities included in this comparative study. • Specific and general conclusions

Avances en la agenda urbana : Santa Cruz de la Sierra

Este libro tiene como objetivo principal, presentar algunos trabajos del SINPA que contribuyeron y representan “Avances en la Gestión Urbana”. Estos artículos son fruto de la experiencia del proyecto SINPA como aporte a los cambios y procesos de fortalecimiento de la gestión urbana en el Municipio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra. La experiencia y lecciones aprendidas en estos últimos tres años, son extremadamente actuales en el año en que la comunidad internacional se reunió para evaluar la experiencia urbana de HABITAT+5, cinco años después de la II Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas para los Asentamientos Humanos (Hábitat II, Estambul 1996) (UNCHS, 1997). Uno de los puntos clave de las recomendaciones de esta Conferencia fue la necesidad de que los gobiernos locales establezcan asociaciones con organizaciones de la sociedad civil, en los procesos de planificación y gestión urbana. Otra línea directriz de Hábitat II fue la profundización de políticas sostenibles de desarrollo urbano, tomando en cuenta los principios ya consagrados en el capítulo 7 de la Agenda 21 (UNEP, 1992)

Fortalecimiento institucional al municipio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

El programa de Apoyo para la Implementación de los Planes Nacionales de Acción SINPA (Support for Implementation of National Plans of Action) surge para dar cumplimiento a las políticas y directrices proclamadas durante la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas para los Asentamientos Humanos - HABITAT II (Estambul 1996) (UNCHS 1997) en tres ciudades de diferentes países. En Bolivia, SINPA materializa el fortalecimiento del Gobierno Municipal de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, ciudad tropical prometedora y de grandes contrastes (motor del desarrollo económico, concentra los mayores índices de pobreza absoluta del país), se rige por un convenio suscrito entre el gobierno municipal el Instituto de Estudios de Vivienda y Desarrollo Urbano IHS (Holanda) y dos universidades locales. El país de fuerte tradición centralista y con bajo nivel de relacionamiento y articulación entre los estamentos político y civil, introduce a partir de 1994 drásticas reformas al Estado una de las cuales es la descentralización que se da como municipalización. Con este surgimiento se presentan e identifican una serie de debilidades en los gobiernos locales para enfrentar las nuevas responsabilidades y competencias. SINPA es un intento de subsanar esta realidad desarrollando capacidades de gestión desde el interior del gobierno municipal, enfatizando la planificación desde cuatro pilares: gestión ambiental, fortalecimiento institucional, participación ciudadana y desarrollo económico local

El Plan Estratégico y el Desarrollo Económico Local de la Ciudad de Córdoba, Argentinade

The Strategic Plan of Córdoba (PEC) is one of the few strategic urban development plans in Latin America which has actually been implemented in the majority of its components. The PEC was conceived as a collective and global project of the city as a whole without excessive protagonism or special ownership by a few. The PEC integrated a policy of public works – oriented at the “social debt” which existed in the city – with a work on urbanistic norms and directions and economic development. The PEC as a space for articulation achieved to organise a great number of representatives from civil society organisations, achieving legitimacy and representation in the work of the PEC

Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections for Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel at s√=8 TeV with ATLAS

Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV. The analysis is performed in the H → γγ decay channel using 20.3 fb−1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assuming that the width of the resonance is much smaller than the experimental resolution. The signal yields are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution. The pp → H → γγ fiducial cross section is measured to be 43.2 ±9.4(stat.) − 2.9 + 3.2 (syst.) ±1.2(lumi)fb for a Higgs boson of mass 125.4GeV decaying to two isolated photons that have transverse momentum greater than 35% and 25% of the diphoton invariant mass and each with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.37. Four additional fiducial cross sections and two cross-section limits are presented in phase space regions that test the theoretical modelling of different Higgs boson production mechanisms, or are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. Differential cross sections are also presented, as a function of variables related to the diphoton kinematics and the jet activity produced in the Higgs boson events. The observed spectra are statistically limited but broadly in line with the theoretical expectations

Evidence for the Higgs-boson Yukawa coupling to tau leptons with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for H → τ τ decays are presented, based on the full set of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC during 2011 and 2012. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 4.5 fb−1 and 20.3 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV respectively. All combinations of leptonic (τ → `νν¯ with ` = e, µ) and hadronic (τ → hadrons ν) tau decays are considered. An excess of events over the expected background from other Standard Model processes is found with an observed (expected) significance of 4.5 (3.4) standard deviations. This excess provides evidence for the direct coupling of the recently discovered Higgs boson to fermions. The measured signal strength, normalised to the Standard Model expectation, of µ = 1.43 +0.43 −0.37 is consistent with the predicted Yukawa coupling strength in the Standard Model

ALCAM (CD166) Expression and Serum Levels in Pancreatic Cancer

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the expression of the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) in pancreatic cancer (PAC) and to determine whether or not the ectodomain shedding of ALCAM (s-ALCAM) could serve as a biomarker in the peripheral blood of PAC patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tissue specimens and blood sera of patients with PAC (n = 264 and n = 116, respectively) and the sera of 115 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) were analyzed via ALCAM immunohistochemistry and s-ALCAM ELISA tests. Results were correlated with clinical, histopathological, and patient survival data (Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank test, respectively). RESULTS: ALCAM was expressed in the majority of PAC lesions. Immunohistochemistry and serum ELISA tests revealed no association between ALCAM expression in primary tumors or s-ALCAM and clinical or histopathological data. Neither ALCAM nor s-ALCAM showed a significant impact regarding overall survival (p = 0.261 and p = 0.660, respectively). S-ALCAM serum levels were significantly elevated compared to the sera of CP patients (p<0.001). The sensitivity of s-ALCAM in detecting PAC was 58.6% at a specificity of 73.9% (AUC = 0.69). CONCLUSIONS: ALCAM is expressed in the majority of PAC lesions, but statistical analysis revealed no association with clinical or pathological data. Although significantly elevated in patients with PAC, the sensitivity and specificity of the s-ALCAM serum quantification test was low. Therefore, its potential as a novel diagnostic marker for PAC remains elusive and further investigations are required