DESPIGMENTACIÓN DEL CHAYOTE Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw EN ACTOPAN, VERACRUZ, MÉXICO

Chayote [(Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.)] is a non-traditional export product, and the state of Veracruz produces it throughout the year, since it has broadened the crop’s corridor in three agroclimate regions. The first is located in the zone of mountainous mesophyll forest in the center of the state at altitudes of 1580 to 1150 m. The municipalities of Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlán del Café, Chocamán, Orizaba, Tlilapan and Rafael Delgado are located in it, without irrigation management, solely under rainfed conditions. The second region is located in areas of medium evergreen forest vegetation, at altitudes of 1100 to 780 m, which group the municipality of Ixtaczoquitlan, under conditions of irrigation and rainfed. The third region is located in areas of low deciduous forest at altitudes of 300 to 210 m, in the municipalities of Actopan and Emiliano Zapata, under conditions of irrigation, where the depigmentation of the epidermis of the fruit has been detected in a recurring manner. Considering the economic importance it represents, an analysis of the variables that influence the ecophysiology of the crop was performed, under different assumptions, taking into consideration that the species was introduced into this region.El chayote [(Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.)], es un producto no tradicional de exportación, y el estado de Veracruz produce todo el año, ya que ha ampliado el corredor de cultivo en tres regiones agroclimáticas. La primera se ubica en la zona del bosque mesófilo de montaña en el centro del estado, en altitudes de 1580 a 1150 m. En ésta se encuentran los municipios de Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlán del Café, Chocamán, Orizaba, Tlilapan y Rafael Delgado, sin manejo de riego, únicamente bajo condiciones de temporal. La segunda región se localiza en áreas de vegetación de selva mediana perennifolia, en altitudes de 1100 a 780 m, que agrupa al municipio de Ixtaczoquitlán, bajo condiciones de riego y temporal. La tercera región se ubica en áreas de selva baja caducifolia en altitudes de 300 a 210 m en los municipios de Actopan y Emiliano Zapata bajo condiciones de riego, donde se ha detectado de forma recurrente la despigmentación de la epidermis del fruto. Considerado la importancia económica que representa, se realizó un análisis de las variables que influyen en la ecofisiología del cultivo, bajo diferentes premisas, considerando que en esta región la especie es introducida

Costes de las inoculaciones accidentales en personal sanitario de un hospital

ResumenObjetivosEl objetivo de este estudio es calcular el coste medio a que asciende cada seguimiento de hepatitis B, C y VIH en el personal sanitario que ha sufrido una inoculación accidental, desagregar el coste en dependencia del estado serológico de la fuente e identificar los apartados que influyen en mayor grado en la cuantía de este resultado.MétodosSe realizó una descripción de costes. El programa post-exposición se modelizó en un árbol de decisión que combinaba probabilidades (porcentaje de cada tipo de fuente en función de su positividad a los tres virus e inmunización del accidentado frente a hepatitis B) y costes monetarios (pesetas del año 1994). Estos costes fueron: personal, laboratorio, farmacia, energéticos, limpieza, teléfono, material médico y de oficina, amortización y pérdidas productivas. Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad en función del cumplimiento real del programa.ResultadosEl coste medio de cada inoculación fue de 39.564 ptas. (29.750 ptas. aplicando el análisis de sensibilidad), con un rango desde las 86.864 ptas. (fuente positiva a los tres virus y accidentado no inmunizado) a las 23.074 ptas. (fuente negativa a los tres virus). Si la fuente era hepatitis B positiva, el coste medio fue de 86.093 ptas. cuando el accidentado no estaba inmunizado y de 53.232 si lo estaba. La mayor parte del coste residió en las pruebas serológicas (rango del 72,8% al 87,7%).ConclusionesEl alto coste sugiere una evaluación adecuada del riesgo con el fin de evitar seguimientos innecesarios. El modelo utilizado permite conocer el coste de cada episodio potencialmente evitable y puede aplicarse en cualquier hospital con el objetivo de evaluar económicamente nuevos dispositivos preventivos.SummaryObjectivesThe aim of this study was to calculate the average cost of each hepatitis B, C and HIV follow-up carried out in the health personnel that have suffered an exposure to blood and body fluids and to estimate the cost for each of the different types of sources as wall as to identify the items that account for the main part of the cost.MethodsA cost analysis was carried out. The post-exposure programme was modelled in a decision tree combining probabilities (percentage of each type of source in dependence of its positivity for the three viruses and immunization state of the health personnel against hepatitis B) and monetary costs (pesetas from 1994). Costs included: salaries, laboratory, chemist, energy, cleaning, telephone, medical and office equipment, amortization and lost productivity. A sensitivity analysis was carried out with the real fulfillment of the programme.ResultsThe average cost was 39,564 ptas. (29,750 ptas. applying the sensitivity analysis), with a range from 86,864 ptas. (source positive for the three viruses and injured subject not immunized) to 23,074 ptas. (source negative for the three viruses). If the source was hepatitis B positive, the average cost was 86,093 ptas. when the injured subject was not immunized and 53,232 ptas. if he was immunized. Serologic tests account for the main part of the cost (range from 72.8% to 87.7%).ConclusionsHigh cost suggests an appropiate risk evaluation in order to avoid unnecessary follow-ups. The model used allows to know the cost of each potentially avoided episode and it could be used for any hospital in order to make an economical evaluation of new preventive devices

Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b, leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W' boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe

Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV

A search for a Higgs boson decaying into two photons is described. The analysis is performed using a dataset recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC from pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 inverse femtobarns. Limits are set on the cross section of the standard model Higgs boson decaying to two photons. The expected exclusion limit at 95% confidence level is between 1.4 and 2.4 times the standard model cross section in the mass range between 110 and 150 GeV. The analysis of the data excludes, at 95% confidence level, the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in the mass range 128 to 132 GeV. The largest excess of events above the expected standard model background is observed for a Higgs boson mass hypothesis of 124 GeV with a local significance of 3.1 sigma. The global significance of observing an excess with a local significance greater than 3.1 sigma anywhere in the search range 110-150 GeV is estimated to be 1.8 sigma. More data are required to ascertain the origin of this excess.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters

Measurement of the Lambda(b) cross section and the anti-Lambda(b) to Lambda(b) ratio with Lambda(b) to J/Psi Lambda decays in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The Lambda(b) differential production cross section and the cross section ratio anti-Lambda(b)/Lambda(b) are measured as functions of transverse momentum pt(Lambda(b)) and rapidity abs(y(Lambda(b))) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are based on Lambda(b) decays reconstructed in the exclusive final state J/Psi Lambda, with the subsequent decays J/Psi to an opposite-sign muon pair and Lambda to proton pion, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 inverse femtobarns. The product of the cross section times the branching ratio for Lambda(b) to J/Psi Lambda versus pt(Lambda(b)) falls faster than that of b mesons. The measured value of the cross section times the branching ratio for pt(Lambda(b)) > 10 GeV and abs(y(Lambda(b))) < 2.0 is 1.06 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.12 nb, and the integrated cross section ratio for anti-Lambda(b)/Lambda(b) is 1.02 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.09, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters

Search for new physics in events with opposite-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A search is presented for physics beyond the standard model (BSM) in final states with a pair of opposite-sign isolated leptons accompanied by jets and missing transverse energy. The search uses LHC data recorded at a center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 5 inverse femtobarns. Two complementary search strategies are employed. The first probes models with a specific dilepton production mechanism that leads to a characteristic kinematic edge in the dilepton mass distribution. The second strategy probes models of dilepton production with heavy, colored objects that decay to final states including invisible particles, leading to very large hadronic activity and missing transverse energy. No evidence for an event yield in excess of the standard model expectations is found. Upper limits on the BSM contributions to the signal regions are deduced from the results, which are used to exclude a region of the parameter space of the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. Additional information related to detector efficiencies and response is provided to allow testing specific models of BSM physics not considered in this paper.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of isolated photon production in pp and PbPb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 2.76 TeV

Isolated photon production is measured in proton-proton and lead-lead collisions at nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energies of 2.76 TeV in the pseudorapidity range |eta|<1.44 and transverse energies ET between 20 and 80 GeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measured ET spectra are found to be in good agreement with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions. The ratio of PbPb to pp isolated photon ET-differential yields, scaled by the number of incoherent nucleon-nucleon collisions, is consistent with unity for all PbPb reaction centralities.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters

The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: different roads to radii and masses of the target stars

Aims. We determine the radii and masses of 293 nearby, bright M dwarfs of the CARMENES survey. This is the first time that such a large and homogeneous high-resolution (R > 80, 000) spectroscopic survey has been used to derive these fundamental stellar parameters. Methods. We derived the radii using Stefan-Boltzmann’s law. We obtained the required effective temperatures T_(eff) from a spectral analysis and we obtained the required luminosities L from integrated broadband photometry together with the Gaia DR2 parallaxes. The mass was then determined using a mass-radius relation that we derived from eclipsing binaries known in the literature. We compared this method with three other methods: (1) We calculated the mass from the radius and the surface gravity log g, which was obtained from the same spectral analysis as T_(eff). (2) We used a widely used infrared mass-magnitude relation. (3) We used a Bayesian approach to infer stellar parameters from the comparison of the absolute magnitudes and colors of our targets with evolutionary models. Results. Between spectral types M0 V and M7 V our radii cover the range 0.1 Rꙩ < R < 0.6 Rꙩ with an error of 2–3% and our masses cover 0.09 Mꙩ < M < 0.6 Mꙩ with an error of 3–5%. We find good agreement between the masses determined with these different methods for most of our targets. Only the masses of very young objects show discrepancies. This can be well explained with the assumptions that we used for our methods

J-PLUS: The javalambre photometric local universe survey

ABSTRACT: TheJavalambrePhotometric Local UniverseSurvey (J-PLUS )isanongoing 12-band photometricopticalsurvey, observingthousands of squaredegrees of theNorthernHemispherefromthededicated JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ). The T80Cam is a camera with a field of view of 2 deg2 mountedon a telescopewith a diameter of 83 cm, and isequippedwith a uniquesystem of filtersspanningtheentireopticalrange (3500–10 000 Å). Thisfiltersystemis a combination of broad-, medium-, and narrow-band filters, optimallydesigned to extracttherest-framespectralfeatures (the 3700–4000 Å Balmer break region, Hδ, Ca H+K, the G band, and the Mg b and Ca triplets) that are key to characterizingstellartypes and delivering a low-resolutionphotospectrumforeach pixel of theobservedsky. With a typicaldepth of AB ∼21.25 mag per band, thisfilter set thusallowsforanunbiased and accuratecharacterization of thestellarpopulation in our Galaxy, itprovidesanunprecedented 2D photospectralinformationforall resolved galaxies in the local Universe, as well as accuratephoto-z estimates (at the δ z/(1 + z)∼0.005–0.03 precisionlevel) formoderatelybright (up to r ∼ 20 mag) extragalacticsources. Whilesomenarrow-band filters are designedforthestudy of particular emissionfeatures ([O II]/λ3727, Hα/λ6563) up to z < 0.017, theyalsoprovidewell-definedwindowsfortheanalysis of otheremissionlines at higherredshifts. As a result, J-PLUS has thepotential to contribute to a widerange of fields in Astrophysics, both in thenearbyUniverse (MilkyWaystructure, globular clusters, 2D IFU-likestudies, stellarpopulations of nearby and moderate-redshiftgalaxies, clusters of galaxies) and at highredshifts (emission-line galaxies at z ≈ 0.77, 2.2, and 4.4, quasi-stellarobjects, etc.). Withthispaper, wereleasethefirst∼1000 deg2 of J-PLUS data, containingabout 4.3 millionstars and 3.0 milliongalaxies at r <  21mag. With a goal of 8500 deg2 forthe total J-PLUS footprint, thesenumbers are expected to rise to about 35 millionstars and 24 milliongalaxiesbytheend of thesurvey.Funding for the J-PLUS Project has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragón through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO; under grants AYA2017-86274-P, AYA2016-77846-P, AYA2016-77237-C3-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, AGAUR grant SGR-661/2017, and ICTS-2009-14), and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685