Hydrothermale Dolomitisierung im Kauffunger Kalkstein (Paläozoikum - W-Sudeten, Polen

Within the Kauffung Limestone dolomite bodies related to volcanic contacts occure and are interpreted as a post-Variscan, hydrothermal volcanogenic formation. Two genetic dolomite types are discernible: a pervasive replacement saddle dolomite and a cavity filling saddle dolomite cement. Micro texture and oxygen isotopy of both dolomite types refer to heightened temperatures of formation. The ocurrence of the dolomite in contact to cross-cutting rhyolithic dikes points to a close petrogenetic relation. Dolomite bodies and rhyolithic injections in contrast to the rock wall are characterized by a distinctive cavernous texture, so that a prekinematic genesis is excluded. The formation of replacement saddle dolomite and saddle dolomite cement altogether are considered as a concomitant phenomenon of the Permo-Carboniferous volcanism widespread in the Bober-Katzbach Mountains.Innerhalb des Kauffunger Kalksteins treten an vulkanische Kontakthöfe gebundene Dolomit-Körper auf, die als post-varistische, hydrothermale Bildung interpretiert werden. Genetisch lassen sich zwei Dolomit-Typen unterscheiden: ein pervasiver Ersatzsatteldolomit und ein hohlraumfüllender Satteldolomit-Zement. Mikrogefüge und Sauerstoffisotopie beider Dolomit-Typen weisen auf erhöhte Bildungstemperaturen hin. Das Auftreten des Dolomits in Kontakthöfen querschlägi-ger rhyolithischer Gänge läßt auf eine enge petrogenetische Beziehung schließen. Dolomitkörper und rhyolithische Injektionen sind im Gegensatz zum Nebengestein durch ein auffallend kavernöses Gefüge gekennzeichnet, so daß eine präkinematische Genese ausgeschlossen wird. Die Bildung von Ersatzsatteldolomit und Satteldolomit-Zement wird insgesamt als Begleiterscheinung des im Bober-Katzbach-Gebirge weit verbreiteten Permokarbon-zeitlichen Vulkanismus angesehen

Literary-theoretical Transformations of Social Models

This study investigates transformations of classical antiquity oikonomia and chrematistics from the Middle Ages to the present-day.From an ancient- historical, philosophical, literary and cultural-science perspective, it reconstructs exemplary acquisitions and reinterpretations of economic knowledge. The study argues that the modern economy has benefited from transformation relationships with the oikonomia of classical antiquity, which exhibit no unambiguously economic, efficient and profit-maximising character. For this reason, in addition to actual historical aspects, our interest also includes issues relating to the poetology of economic knowledge, the metaphorology and scenaristics of the house, the theoretical, narrative and literary representation economies and the promotion of ‘economy’ to an ordering category per se

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018):a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (“MISEV”) guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these “MISEV2014” guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Geophysikalische Methoden zur Bewertung potenzieller Standorte für die Grundwassergewinnung

Complex geology in glacial terrain makes groundwater exploration challenging for water supply companies. Abrupt lateral changes of geological conditions, for example, raise the risk of unsuccessful exploration drilling. At some locations, local water supply companies experience a large number of dry wells, raising the need for better exploration approaches. The use of geophysical techniques enables the detection and characterization of subsurface structures in terms of aquifers and aquitards. We present two examples in which seismic and resistivity methods are combined for subsurface characterization. A thrust structure is detected in the Varde study area in Denmark and a channel structure is mapped in the Hamburg-Sülldorf study area in Germany. The different imaging characteristics of seismic P‑ and S‑waves are demonstrated. The combination of seismic and resistivity methods enables delineating groundwater-bearing and groundwater-barrier layers down to a depth of 150 m.Interreg North Sea Region ProgrammeLeibniz-Institut für Angewandte Geophysik (3464

Geophysical methods help to assess potential groundwater extraction sites

Complex geology in glacial terrain makes groundwater exploration challenging for water supply companies. Abrupt lateral changes of geological conditions, for example, raise the risk of unsuccessful exploration drilling. At some locations, local water supply companies experience a large number of dry wells, raising the need for better exploration approaches. The use of geophysical techniques enables the detection and characterization of subsurface structures in terms of aquifers and aquitards.We present two examples in which seismic and resistivity methods are combined for subsurface characterization. A thrust structure is detected in the Varde study area in Denmark and a channel structure is mapped in the Hamburg-Sülldorf study area in Germany. The different imaging characteristics of seismic P‑ and S‑waves are demonstrated. The combination of seismic and resistivity methods enables delineating groundwater-bearing and groundwater-barrier layers down to a depth of 150 m

Increased acetylation of lysine 317/320 of p53 caused by BCR-ABL protects from cytoplasmic translocation of p53 and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a disorder of hematopoietic stem cells caused by the expression of BCR-ABL. Loss of p53 has not been implicated as important for the development of CML. Mutations in p53 protein are infrequent, however they correlate with the disease progression. The absence of p53 mutations does not exclude the possibility that other dysfunctions play an important role in CML pathology. Acetylation represents a very potent posttranslational mechanism regulating p53 stability, transcriptional activity and localization. In this study we have investigated whether the expression of BCR-ABL could influence the acetylation of p53, specifically at lysine 317/320 (K317/K320), which has been shown to regulate nuclear export and transcription-independent apoptotic activity of p53. We found that BCR-ABL expression increases K317 acetylation of p53 and is able to prevent a drop in acetylation observed upon DNA damage, followed by translocation of p53 to the cytoplasm and by Bax activation. We have shown that this site plays a crucial role in the regulation of p53 localization and p53-dependent, Bax-mediated apoptosis. Our study presents a novel BCR-ABL-dependent mechanism protecting from DNA-damage-induced cell death. It can, in addition to already known mechanisms, explain the resistance to p53-dependent apoptosis observed in CML cells expressing wt p53. We propose that the acetyltransferases regulating the p53 acetylation could be an interesting and potent target for therapeutic intervention