O AVC e o género: perfil do doente com AVC e eventuais diferenças e semelhanças entre os sexos

Introdução: O AVC é um grave problema de saúde pública em Portugal e em todo o mundo. Homens e mulheres partilham os mesmos factores de risco tradicionais para o AVC. Contudo, a maioria dos estudos encontra uma maior prevalência de FA, HTA e obesidade nas mulheres, enquanto nos homens prevalecem as doenças cardíacas, tabagismo e consumo de álcool. Este trabalho pretendeu estudar as diferenças entre os sexos, tanto na prevalência de factores de risco para AVC, como na prevalência dos diferentes tipos de AVC. Secundariamente pretendeu-se traçar um perfil do doente internado no CHCB com AVC. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo dos pacientes internados na U-AVC do CHCB com o diagnóstico de AVC. Os dados colhidos são referentes aos pacientes internados no período compreendido entre 1 de Janeiro de 2010 e 31 de Dezembro de 2010. Para a recolha de dados (tabagismo, alcoolismo, HTA, DM, dislipidémia, PCR, fibrinogénio e D-dímeros medidos na admissão, pontuação da escala de NIHSS admissão, bem como pontuação na ER e IB) procedeu-se à consulta dos processos clínicos. Resultados: Estudaram-se 312 pacientes sendo que 51,6% eram do sexo masculino e 48,4% do sexo feminino. Quanto ao tipo de AVC, 89,7% pacientes foram diagnosticados com o tipo isquémico e 10,3% com o tipo hemorrágico. Neste estudo encontraram-se relações estatisticamente significativas entre a variável sexo e as variáveis idade, alcoolismo, tabagismo e HbA1c na admissão, todas apenas para o grupo dos pacientes com AVC do tipo isquémico. Para o grupo dos pacientes com AVC do tipo hemorrágico não foram encontradas relações estatisticamente significativas entre a variável sexo e as restantes variáveis. Conclusão: Pelos resultados obtidos neste estudo sugere-se que os pacientes internados na U-AVC do CHCB, tenham mais frequentemente AVC do tipo isquémico, sejam mais frequentemente homens, tenham uma idade mediana de 75 (66-82) anos e possuam 2 ou mais dos seguintes factores de risco: HTA, DM, dislipidémia, ICC, FA, tabagismo, alcoolismo, obesidade, dilatação da AE e DSVE. A maioria destes pacientes não apresenta história de AVC nem de EAM prévios e não têm alterações no eco-doppler transcraniano nem estenoses ≥ 50 % no eco-doppler carotídeo.Introduction: Stroke is a serious public health problem in Portugal and the entire world. Men and women share the same traditional risk factors for stroke. However, most studies found a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation, hypertension and obesity in women, while men prevail in heart disease, smoking and alcohol consumption. The objectives of this study were to study the differences between the two genders both in the prevalence of the risk factors for stroke and the prevalence of the different types of stroke. Secondarily, make a profile of the patient admitted to CHCB. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients admitted to the CHCB’s Stroke-Unit with the diagnosis of stroke. The study took place during the period from January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010. To collect data (smoking, alcoholism, hypertension, DM, dyslipidémia, CRP, fibrinogen and D-dimmers measured on admission, the score of NIHSS on admission and also, the scores of Barthel Index and Rankin Scale on discharge), we proceeded to query clinical processes. Results: We studied 312 patients of which 51.6% were male and 48.4% female. Regarding the type of stroke, 89.7% of patients were diagnosed with ischemic type and 10.3% with the hemorrhagic type. In this study we found statistically significant relationships between the variable sex with the variables age, alcohol, smoking and HbA1c at admission, all of which just for the group of patients with ischemic stroke type. However, for the group of patients with hemorrhagic stroke type were not found statistically significant relationships between the variable sex and other variables. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the patients admitted to CHCB’s StrokeUnit have more frequently ischemic stroke, are more frequently male, with a median age of 75 (66-82) years and have two or more of the following risk factors: hypertension, DM, dyslipidémia, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, smoking, alcoholism, obesity, dilated left atrium and LVSD. Most of these patients have no history of stroke or myocardial infarction and have no changes in transcranian eco-doppler or stenosis ≥ 50 % carotid eco-doppler

Long-term thermal sensitivity of Earth’s tropical forests

The sensitivity of tropical forest carbon to climate is a key uncertainty in predicting global climate change. Although short-term drying and warming are known to affect forests, it is unknown if such effects translate into long-term responses. Here, we analyze 590 permanent plots measured across the tropics to derive the equilibrium climate controls on forest carbon. Maximum temperature is the most important predictor of aboveground biomass (−9.1 megagrams of carbon per hectare per degree Celsius), primarily by reducing woody productivity, and has a greater impact per °C in the hottest forests (>32.2°C). Our results nevertheless reveal greater thermal resilience than observations of short-term variation imply. To realize the long-term climate adaptation potential of tropical forests requires both protecting them and stabilizing Earth’s climate

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Níveis de cálcio em dietas para poedeiras semipesadas após o pico de postura Levels of calcium in diets for brown layers post-peak production

Um experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de estudar os efeitos dos níveis de cálcio nas rações sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos de poedeiras comerciais. Foram utilizadas 216 poedeiras da linhagem Lohmann Brown no período de 39 a 55 semanas de idade. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, composto de seis níveis de cálcio (3,0; 3,4; 3,8; 4,2; 4,6; 5,0%) e seis repetições de seis aves por parcela. Os níveis de cálcio avaliados não influenciaram os parâmetros produtivos, mas afetaram significativamente as porcentagens de albúmen e casca do ovo. O aumento do cálcio na dieta promove incremento na qualidade da casca do ovo em relação aos demais componentes do ovo. Recomenda-se nível de 4,3% de cálcio em dietas para poedeiras semipesadas após o pico de postura.<br>Two hundred and sixteen layers were raised from 39 to 55 weeks of age to study the effects of levels of calcium in the rations on performance and eggs quality of brown commercial layers. A completely randomized experimental design were used with six levels of calcium (3.0; 3.4; 3.8; 4.2; 4.6 and 5.0%) and six replicates of six layers hens. There was no effect of calcium levels on hen performance, however significantly affected the percentage of albumen and egg shell. The increase of calcium in the diet promoted increment in egg shell quality in relationship to other eggs components. The calcium level of 4.3% is recommended for brown layer hens after production peak

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq