Research of ultra-dispersed opal-quartz-carbonate bentonite clay for coating welding electrodes UONI-13/55

New single-layer and double-layer coatings of UONI-13/55 welding electrodes for welding low-carbon and low-alloy steels have been proposed. The coatings were applied with superfine ultradispersed opal-quartz-carbonate bentonite clay of the Taganskoye deposit of the East Kazakhstan region. Studies have confirmed that the use of new coatings can improve the welding and technological properties of electrodes and increase the strength and ductile characteristics, as well as the cold resistance of the deposited metal

Research of ultra-dispersed opal-quartz-carbonate bentonite clay for coating welding electrodes UONI-13/55

New single-layer and double-layer coatings of UONI-13/55 welding electrodes for welding low-carbon and low-alloy steels have been proposed. The coatings were applied with superfine ultradispersed opal-quartz-carbonate bentonite clay of the Taganskoye deposit of the East Kazakhstan region. Studies have confirmed that the use of new coatings can improve the welding and technological properties of electrodes and increase the strength and ductile characteristics, as well as the cold resistance of the deposited metal

Investigation of the kinetics of sulphuric acid leaching of zinc from calamine

This article aims at the research of kinetics of the sulphuric acid leaching of zinc from calamine (hemimorphite) of Shaimerden deposits. The ratio of zinc extraction from calamine to water-soluble zinc sulphate was determined at various leaching durations and its temperatures. The concentration of the sulfuric acid solution, the flow rate of this solution and the size of the calamine particles, selected in the course of this work for leaching zinc from this mineral with the specified solution, made it possible to establish the value of the “apparent” activation energy of the reaction of calamine with sulfuric acid, amounting to 3,075 kJ / mol

ВЛИЯНИЕ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ УДОБРЕНИЙ НА ГУМУСНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ДЕРНОВО- ПОДЗОЛИСТОЙ СУПЕСЧАНОЙ ПОЧВЫ

Under the effect of various types of anthropogenic load, the number of external positive and negative factors affecting the formation and functioning of humus system of soils is increasing. So it is necessary to find indicators of humus state of soils reflecting their genetic and agronomic features. The action of different types of organic fertilizers on the humus condition of sod-podzolic sandy loam soil in field experiment is evaluated according to the results of analysis of soil samples taken a year after fertilizer application. The most positive influence on qualitative humus composition had litter manure and compost based on peat, lignin, pulp, defecate, straw and semi-liquid manure. The humification degree of organic matter increased from 26.3 to 32.5–34.6 % with the relations expansion СHA/СFA from 0.82 to 0.92–0.99. The indicator of intensity of the humification process on the stage of the tumor humic acids СHA-1/СFA-1 increased from 0.79 to 0.94–1.08, at the stage of polymerization and the complexity of humic structures (СHA-2/СFA-2) – from 0.71 to 0.81–0.83, indicating the gain characteristic of humate of humus. Humus degradation changes evidence had found in the variants of vermicompost, liquid cattle manure and effluent input. HA-2 equity participation in the humic acids total amount declined to 9–14 % with the СHA-2/СFA-2 decrease rate to 0.24–0.58. Под воздействием различных видов антропогенной нагрузки увеличивается число внешних позитивных и негативных факторов, влияющих на формирование и функционирование гумусовой системы почв. В связи с этим необходим поиск показателей гумусного состояния почв, отражающих их генетические и агрономические особенности. В статье оценена направленность действия разных видов органических удобрений на гумусное состояние дерново-подзолистой супесчаной почвы в условиях полевого опыта по результатам анализа почвенных образцов, отобранных через год после их внесения. Наиболее положительное влияние на качественный состав гумуса оказали подстилочный навоз КРС и компосты на основе торфа, лигнина, жома, дефеката, соломы и полужидкого навоза. Степень гумификации органического вещества увеличилась от 26,3 до 32,5–34,6 % при расширении отношения СГК/СФК от 0,82 до 0,92–0,99. Показатель интенсивности процесса гумификации на стадии новообразования гуминовых кислот СГК-1/СФК-1 увеличился от 0,79 до 0,94–1,08, на стадии полимеризации и усложнения гумусовых структур (СГК-2/СФК-2) – от 0,71 до 0,81–0,83, что указывало на усиление признака гуматности гумуса. В вариантах с внесением вермикомпоста, жидкого навоза КРС и эффлюента выявлены признаки деградационных изменений в гумусе: долевое участие ГК-2 в общей сумме гуминовых кислот снизилось до 9–14 % при уменьшении показателя СГК-2/СФК-2 до 0,24–0,58.

ВЛИЯНИЕ СИСТЕМ УДОБРЕНИЯ НА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ СЕВООБОРОТА И АГРОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЕРНОВО-ПОДЗОЛИСТОЙ СУПЕСЧАНОЙ ПОЧВЫ

The influence of by products ploughing and mineral fertilizer doses on the crop rotation productivity and agrochemi-cal indicators of sod-podzolic sandy loam soil is studied. It’s established that autumn application of a compensatory dose of nitrogen to the straw didn’t ensure the increased productivity of crop rotation. It’s shown that application of correct doses of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers taking into account the phosphorus and potassium from a straw predecessor didn’t bring about the reduction of the productivity of crop rotation in comparison with the application of full doses of fertilizers and allowed saving P60 and K360.Изучено влияние запашки побочной продукции и доз минеральных удобрений на продуктивность севооборота и агрохимические показатели дерново-подзолистой супесчаной почвы. Установлено, что осеннее внесение компенсирующей дозы азота по соломе не обеспечило существенного увеличения продуктивности севооборота. Показано, что внесение скорректированных доз фосфорных и калийных удобрений с учетом фосфора и калия, высвобождающихся из соломы предшественника, не привело к снижению продуктивности севооборота по сравнению с применением полных доз удобрений и позволило сохранить Р60 и K360

Genomic correlates of glatiramer acetate adverse cardiovascular effects lead to a novel locus mediating coronary risk

Glatiramer acetate is used therapeutically in multiple sclerosis but also known for adverse effects including elevated coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. The mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular side effects of the medication are unclear. Here, we made use of the chromosomal variation in the genes that are known to be affected by glatiramer treatment. Focusing on genes and gene products reported by drug-gene interaction database to interact with glatiramer acetate we explored a large meta-analysis on CAD genome-wide association studies aiming firstly, to investigate whether variants in these genes also affect cardiovascular risk and secondly, to identify new CAD risk genes. We traced association signals in a 200-kb region around genomic positions of genes interacting with glatiramer in up to 60 801 CAD cases and 123 504 controls. We validated the identified association in additional 21 934 CAD cases and 76 087 controls. We identified three new CAD risk alleles within the TGFB1 region on chromosome 19 that independently affect CAD risk. The lead SNP rs12459996 was genome-wide significantly associated with CAD in the extended meta-analysis (odds ratio 1.09, p = 1.58×10-12). The other two SNPs at the locus were not in linkage disequilibrium with the lead SNP and by a conditional analysis showed p-values of 4.05 × 10-10 and 2.21 × 10-6. Thus, studying genes reported to interact with glatiramer acetate we identified genetic variants that concordantly with the drug increase the risk of CAD. Of these, TGFB1 displayed signal for association. Indeed, the gene has been associated with CAD previously in both in vivo and in vitro studies. Here we establish genome-wide significant association with CAD in large human samples.This work was supported by grants from the Fondation Leducq (CADgenomics: Understanding CAD Genes, 12CVD02), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the e:Med research and funding concept (e:AtheroSysMed, grant 01ZX1313A-2014 and SysInflame, grant 01ZX1306A), and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement no HEALTH-F2-2013-601456 (CVgenes-at-target). Further grants were received from the DFG as part of the Sonderforschungsbereich CRC 1123 (B2). T.K. was supported by a DZHK Rotation Grant. I.B. was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) cluster of excellence ‘Inflammation at Interfaces’. F.W.A. is supported by a Dekker scholarship-Junior Staff Member 2014T001 - Netherlands Heart Foundation and UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre

New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a variant in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality and has a significant heritability. We carried out a genome-wide association discovery study of 1866 patients with AAA and 5435 controls and replication of promising signals (lead SNP with a p value &lt; 1 × 10-5) in 2871 additional cases and 32,687 controls and performed further follow-up in 1491 AAA and 11,060 controls. In the discovery study, nine loci demonstrated association with AAA (p &lt; 1 × 10-5). In the replication sample, the lead SNP at one of these loci, rs1466535, located within intron 1 of low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) demonstrated significant association (p = 0.0042). We confirmed the association of rs1466535 and AAA in our follow-up study (p = 0.035). In a combined analysis (6228 AAA and 49182 controls), rs1466535 had a consistent effect size and direction in all sample sets (combined p = 4.52 × 10-10, odds ratio 1.15 [1.10-1.21]). No associations were seen for either rs1466535 or the 12q13.3 locus in independent association studies of coronary artery disease, blood pressure, diabetes, or hyperlipidaemia, suggesting that this locus is specific to AAA. Gene-expression studies demonstrated a trend toward increased LRP1 expression for the rs1466535 CC genotype in arterial tissues; there was a significant (p = 0.029) 1.19-fold (1.04-1.36) increase in LRP1 expression in CC homozygotes compared to TT homozygotes in aortic adventitia. Functional studies demonstrated that rs1466535 might alter a SREBP-1 binding site and influence enhancer activity at the locus. In conclusion, this study has identified a biologically plausible genetic variant associated specifically with AAA, and we suggest that this variant has a possible functional role in LRP1 expression

Використання регресійного аналізу для прогнозування виживанністі хворих на рак шлунка

Цель работы – на основе применения математических методов обосновать возможность выживаемости больных раком желудка. В исследование включили 221 больного, радикально прооперированого в абдоминальном отделении КУ «Одесский областной онкологический диспансер» с 2007 по 2011 г. г. Продолжительность жизни данной группы больных измерена в месяцах. Из проанализированных факторов, клинически влияющих на выживаемость больных раком желудка ( F1 - возраст пациента; F2 - отдел желудка; F3 - G-дифференцировка опухоли.; F4 - инвазия в стенку желудка; F5 - экспрессия молекулярного фактора роста эндотелия сосудов VEGFR; F6 - экспрессия белка p53; F7 - экспрессия белка her2\new; F8 - инвазия в микронервы; F9 - микрососудистая инвазия; F10 - инвазия в соседние органы; F11 - объем лимфодиссекции; F12 - сумма пораженных лимфатических узлов; F13 - количество органов, удаленных/резецированных во время гастрэктомии/субтотальной резекции; F14 - генетический тип рака желудка), строго математически повлияли факторы 1, 10, 13. Получена формула для формальной оценки продолжительности жизни больных. Результаты носят предварительный характер.Метою даної роботи з'явився пошук шляхів прогнозування виживання хворих на рак шлунка. У дослідження було включено 221 хворий, які були радикально прооперовані в абдомінальному відділенні КУ «Одеський обласний онкологічний диспансер» з 2007 по 2011 роки. Тривалість життя даної групи хворих була виміряна в місцях. З наведених у статті чинників, клінічно впливають на виживаність хворих на рак шлунка (вік пацієнта; відділ шлунка; G-диференціювання пухлини; інвазія в стінку шлунка; експресія молекулярного фактора росту ендотелію судин VEGFR; експресія білка p53; експресія білка her2/new; інвазія в мікронерви; мікросудинна інвазія; інвазія в сусідні органи; обсяг лімфодіссекціі; сума уражених лімфатичних вузлів; кількість органів, видалених / резектованих під час резекції шлунка/субтотальної резекції; генетич кий тип раку шлунка), строго математично вплинули лише 1,10,13 чинники. Отримана формула для формальної оцінки тривалості хворих. Результати носять попередній характер.The objectives - to find the prediction techniques of gastric cancer patients survival. 221 patients having been radically operated on in the abdominal department of the Odessa Oncological Center during 2007 – 2011 were examined. Their life expectancy was measured in months. Such factors as the patient’s age, stomach department affected, G-differentiation of the tumor, depth of gastric wall invasion, the expression of the molecular growth factor VEGFR, expression of p53 protein, expression of her2/ new peptide, invasion into micronerves, microvascular invasion, invasion into neighboring organs, volume of lymph nodes dissection, amount of affected lymph nodes, number of organs removed / resected during gastrectomy / subtotal resection and genetic type of stomach cancer had been analyzed. By regressive analysis it has been proved that factors 1,10,13, i.e. a patient’s age, tumor’s invasion into neibouring organs and MBP influence upon the survival rate of the patients under study. On the basis of the data analyzed formula for formal evaluation of gastric cancer patients life expactancy was obtained. The results are preliminary

Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Proinsulin is a precursor of mature insulin and C-peptide. Higher circulating proinsulin levels are associated with impaired β-cell function, raised glucose levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies of the insulin processing pathway could provide new insights about T2D pathophysiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We have conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association tests of ∼2.5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and fasting proinsulin levels in 10,701 nondiabetic adults of European ancestry, with follow-up of 23 loci in up to 16,378 individuals, using additive genetic models adjusted for age, sex, fasting insulin, and study-specific covariates. RESULTS: Nine SNPs at eight loci were associated with proinsulin levels (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Two loci (LARP6 and SGSM2) have not been previously related to metabolic traits, one (MADD) has been associated with fasting glucose, one (PCSK1) has been implicated in obesity, and four (TCF7L2, SLC30A8, VPS13C/C2CD4A/B, and ARAP1, formerly CENTD2) increase T2D risk. The proinsulin-raising allele of ARAP1 was associated with a lower fasting glucose (P = 1.7 × 10(-4)), improved β-cell function (P = 1.1 × 10(-5)), and lower risk of T2D (odds ratio 0.88; P = 7.8 × 10(-6)). Notably, PCSK1 encodes the protein prohormone convertase 1/3, the first enzyme in the insulin processing pathway. A genotype score composed of the nine proinsulin-raising alleles was not associated with coronary disease in two large case-control datasets. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified nine genetic variants associated with fasting proinsulin. Our findings illuminate the biology underlying glucose homeostasis and T2D development in humans and argue against a direct role of proinsulin in coronary artery disease pathogenesis