22 research outputs found
Lowering the radioactivity of the photomultiplier tubes for the XENON1T dark matter experiment
The low-background, VUV-sensitive 3-inch diameter photomultiplier tube R11410
has been developed by Hamamatsu for dark matter direct detection experiments
using liquid xenon as the target material. We present the results from the
joint effort between the XENON collaboration and the Hamamatsu company to
produce a highly radio-pure photosensor (version R11410-21) for the XENON1T
dark matter experiment. After introducing the photosensor and its components,
we show the methods and results of the radioactive contamination measurements
of the individual materials employed in the photomultiplier production. We then
discuss the adopted strategies to reduce the radioactivity of the various PMT
versions. Finally, we detail the results from screening 216 tubes with
ultra-low background germanium detectors, as well as their implications for the
expected electronic and nuclear recoil background of the XENON1T experiment.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Results on decay with emission of two neutrinos or Majorons in Ge from GERDA Phase I
A search for neutrinoless decay processes accompanied with
Majoron emission has been performed using data collected during Phase I of the
GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del
Gran Sasso of INFN (Italy). Processes with spectral indices n = 1, 2, 3, 7 were
searched for. No signals were found and lower limits of the order of 10
yr on their half-lives were derived, yielding substantially improved results
compared to previous experiments with Ge. A new result for the half-life
of the neutrino-accompanied decay of Ge with significantly
reduced uncertainties is also given, resulting in yr.Comment: 3 Figure
Limit on the Radiative Neutrinoless Double Electron Capture of Ar from GERDA Phase I
Neutrinoless double electron capture is a process that, if detected, would
give evidence of lepton number violation and the Majorana nature of neutrinos.
A search for neutrinoless double electron capture of Ar has been
performed with germanium detectors installed in liquid argon using data from
Phase I of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso
Laboratory of INFN, Italy. No signal was observed and an experimental lower
limit on the half-life of the radiative neutrinoless double electron capture of
Ar was established: 3.6 10 yr at 90 % C.I.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE
In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward
Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically
in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem
is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the
control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains
conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio
Applying the strategic-relational approach to urban political ecology: The water management problems of the baixada fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
An optimized digital shaping filter has been developed for the Gerda experiment which searches for neutrinoless double beta decay in 76Ge. The Gerda Phase\ua0I energy calibration data have been reprocessed and an average improvement of 0.3\ua0keV in energy resolution (FWHM) corresponding to 10\ua0% at the Q value for 0\u3bd\u3b2\u3b2 decay in 76Ge is obtained. This is possible thanks to the enhanced low-frequency noise rejection of this Zero Area Cusp (ZAC) signal shaping filter
Pion, kaon, and proton production in central Pb-Pb Collisions at TeV
In this Letter we report the first results on , K, p and
production at mid-rapidity () in
central Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV, measured by the
ALICE experiment at the LHC. The distributions and yields are
compared to previous results at = 200 GeV and expectations
from hydrodynamic and thermal models. The spectral shapes indicate a strong
increase of the radial flow velocity with , which in
hydrodynamic models is expected as a consequence of the increasing particle
density. While the ratio is in line with predictions from the
thermal model, the ratio is found to be lower by a factor of
about 1.5. This deviation from thermal model expectations is still to be
understood.Comment: 15 pages, 2 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 10,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/286
Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU
Contains fulltext :
172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access
Measurement of charm production at central rapidity in proton-proton collisions at 1as = 2.76 TeV
The pt-differential production cross sections of the prompt (B feed-down subtracted) charmed mesons D0, D+, and D+ in the rapidity range |y| K 12\u3c0+, D+ -> K 12\u3c0+\u3c0+, D+ -> D0\u3c0+, and their charge
conjugates, and was performed on a Lint = 1.1 nb 121 event sample collected in 2011 with a minimum-bias trigger. The total charm production cross section at ps = 2.76 TeV and at
7 TeV was evaluated by extrapolating to the full phase space the pt-differential production cross sections at ps = 2.76 TeV and our previous measurements at ps = 7 TeV. The results were compared to existing measurements and to perturbative-QCD calculations. The fraction of cd(bar) D mesons produced in a vector state was also determined
Psychiatrists' perceptions of the clinical importance, assessment and management of patient functioning in schizophrenia in Europe, the Middle East and Africa
Background: It has been estimated that as many as two thirds of patients with schizophrenia are unable to perform basic personal and social roles or activities. Occupational functioning and social functioning, as well as independent living, are considered as core domains of patient functioning. Improvement in patient functioning has also been recognized as an important treatment goal in guidelines and an important outcome by regulatory agencies. Nevertheless, information is lacking on how these aspects are being considered by psychiatrists across the world and how they are being assessed and managed.Methods: The 'Europe, the Middle East and Africa functioning survey' was designed to canvas opinions of psychiatrists across these regions to ascertain their perceptions of the clinical importance, assessment and management of functioning amongst their patients with schizophrenia. The survey comprised 17 questions and was conducted from March to April 2011 in 42 countries. Data collected included the demographics of respondents and their opinions regarding personal and social functioning in patients with schizophrenia.Results: Results were obtained from 4,163 clinicians. Psychiatrists estimated that more than two thirds (70%) of their patients with schizophrenia showed impaired or very poor levels of functioning. The majority of psychiatrists (92%) believed that personal and social functioning was an important treatment goal for patients with schizophrenia, and 91% believed it was an important goal for patients' families. The majority of psychiatrists (55%) assess the personal and social functioning of their patient at each visit; however, 81% reported that they determine the level of functioning through clinical interview and not by using a specific assessment scale. To manage personal and social functioning in their patients, 26% of psychiatrists prefer pharmacological interventions, whereas 46% prefer psychosocial interventions.Conclusion: Psychiatrists recognize that functioning is impaired/very poor in patients with schizophrenia, and there is still an important need to address functioning as a main treatment goal for patients with schizophrenia. © 2013 Gorwood et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd