SIM-WASTE Simulador de la Gestión Integral de Residuos Sólidos Domiciliarios

La gestión integral de residuos sólidos es importante en términos de las necesidades desafiantes que las sociedades no han sido capaces de suplir, principalmente por la falta de cultura y conciencia de la gente al respecto. SIM-WASTE es un modelo de simulación basado en agentes dirigido a colegios y escuelas donde puede ser usado como herramienta didáctica para enseñar a los niños, entre 4to y 5to grado, cómo el comportamiento de las personas respecto a la gestión de los residuos afecta drásticamente el medio ambiente debido a la cantidad de material potencialmente reciclable que termina no siendo aprovechado.Integrated solid waste management is an important subject in terms of the challenging needs that urban societies have not been able to supply yet, mainly due to the lack of culture and conscience of people at this respect. SIM-WASTE is an agent-based simulation model addressed to elementary schools to use it as a didactic tool to teach children, between 4th and 5th grade, how people behavior about solid waste management drastically affects the environment due to the amount of recyclable waste which ends up not being reused.Ingeniero (a) de SistemasPregrad

Spectral attenuation of brain and retina tissues in the near-infrared range measured using a fiber-based supercontinuum device

A novel setup for the efficient constant optical measurements of biological tissues in the near infrared is presented. The system combines the use of a fiber-based supercontinuum source with a simple optics fiber collimator. This configuration allows a wide spectral range of measurement and, at the same time, can efficiently filter the straightforward transmitted light while avoiding scattered light. As a performance example, the optical characterization of rat brain and retina tissues are shown. The attenuation coefficient for both tissues in the near infrared region is also obtained. This technique could be applied in clinical research as a noninvasive method with several potential practical applications

The delay time distribution of supernovae from integral-field spectroscopy of nearby galaxies

Constraining the delay time distribution (DTD) of different supernova (SN) types can shed light on the time-scales of galaxy chemical enrichment and feedback processes affecting galaxy dynamics, and SN progenitor properties. Here, we present an approach to recover SN DTDs based on integral-field spectroscopy (IFS) of their host galaxies. Using a statistical analysis of a sample of 116 SNe in 102 galaxies, we evaluate different DTD models for SN types Ia (73), II (28), and Ib/c (15). We find the best SN Ia DTD fit to be a power law with an exponent α = -1.1 +/- 0.3 (50 per cent confidence interval (C.I.)), and a time delay (between star formation and the first SNe) Δ = 50-35+100 Myr (50 per cent C.I.). For core collapse (CC) SNe, both of the Zapartas et al. DTD models for single and binary stellar evolution are consistent with our results. For SNe II and Ib/c, we find a correlation with a Gaussian DTD model with σ = 82-23+129 Myr and σ = 56-9+141 Myr (50 per cent C.I.), respectively. This analysis demonstrates that IFS opens a new way of studying SN DTD models in the local Universe

Sistema de evaluación institucional en enseñanza obligatoria en Iberoamérica

La presente aportación se focaliza, en este contexto, en la evaluación institucional externa (vinculada o no a la autoevaluación interna) y, por tanto, considera prioritariamente la manera como se evalúan los centros educativos como totalidad y no tanto alguno de sus aspectos (evaluación de la dirección, de los profesores, de los programas, etc.), que también pueden estar considerados. El énfasis también está en conocer la organización y desarrollo del sistema de evaluación. Recoge la visión de 43 especialistas de trece países iberoamericanos sobre las formas de entender y promover la evaluación institucional en sus centros educativos. Sus aportaciones, que deben contextualizarse en las particularidades educativas de sus países (ya presentadas en anteriores informes de la RedAGE), presentan los aspectos generales y normativos de la evaluación, las formas cómo se organiza, los efectos institucionales que tienen y algunas reflexiones, retos y propuestas para la mejora. Su orientación es claramente práctica y se vincula al encuentro anual que la RedAGE realizado los días 16 y 17 de mayo de 2016 en la ciudad de Leiria (Portugal). Allí, los representantes de las organizaciones miembro seleccionaron la temática por su interés actual (con clara vinculación a la mejora de los sistemas educativos y la acreditación institucional), consensuaron la estructura de las aportaciones y realizaron un intercambio de posibles ideas sobre la temática. Se cubre así y como en ocasiones anteriores el propósito fundamental de la RedAGE, como es el de fomentar el intercambio de experiencias, la promoción del conocimiento sobre administración y gestión educativa y la reflexión sobre la práctica de la gestión. La finalidad última sigue siendo la de mejorar el funcionamiento de los centros educativos (y, a través de ellos, de los sistemas educativos), procurando sean de calidad y un instrumento para el cambio profesional y social

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014–2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V

Aprendizajes y prácticas educativas en las actuales condiciones de época: COVID-19

“Esta obra colectiva es el resultado de una convocatoria a docentes, investigadores y profesionales del campo pedagógico a visibilizar procesos investigativos y prácticas educativas situadas en el marco de COVI-19. La misma se inscribe en el trabajo llevado a cabo por el equipo de Investigación responsable del Proyecto “Sentidos y significados acerca de aprender en las actuales condiciones de época: un estudio con docentes y estudiantes de la educación secundarias en la ciudad de Córdoba” de la Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. El momento excepcional que estamos atravesando, pero que también nos atraviesa, ha modificado la percepción temporal a punto tal que habitamos un tiempo acelerado y angustiante que nos exige la producción de conocimiento provisorio. La presente publicación surge como un espacio para detenernos a documentar lo que nos acontece y, a su vez, como oportunidad para atesorar y resguardar las experiencias educativas que hemos construido, inventado y reinventando en este contexto. En ella encontrarán pluralidad de voces acerca de enseñar y aprender durante la pandemia. Este texto es una pausa para reflexionar sobre el hacer y las prácticas educativas por venir”.Fil: Beltramino, Lucia (comp.). Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Archivología; Argentina

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

A late antique vegetation history of the Western Mediterranean in context

International audienceFossil pollen records from 70 sites with reliable chronologies and high-resolution data in the western Mediterranean, were synthesised to document Late Holocene vegetation and climate change. The key elements of vegetation dynamics and landscape construction during Late Antiquity are clear in the light of the fossil pollen records. These are: fire events (natural or anthropogenically induced); grazing activities inhigh-mountain areas; agriculture; arboriculture; and human settlement in the lowlands. In terms of anthropogenic pressure, the differences recorded between highlands and lowlands suggest an imbalance in land use. Such practices were related to three main types of activities: wood exploitation and management, cultivation, and pastoralism. In lowland areas there seems to be some synchronism in vegetation dynamics during the late antique period, since most of the territories of the western Mediterranean had been deforested by the Early Roman period. However, in mountainous regions, pollen records document a clear asynchrony

A late antique vegetation history of the Western Mediterranean in context

International audienceFossil pollen records from 70 sites with reliable chronologies and high-resolution data in the western Mediterranean, were synthesised to document Late Holocene vegetation and climate change. The key elements of vegetation dynamics and landscape construction during Late Antiquity are clear in the light of the fossil pollen records. These are: fire events (natural or anthropogenically induced); grazing activities inhigh-mountain areas; agriculture; arboriculture; and human settlement in the lowlands. In terms of anthropogenic pressure, the differences recorded between highlands and lowlands suggest an imbalance in land use. Such practices were related to three main types of activities: wood exploitation and management, cultivation, and pastoralism. In lowland areas there seems to be some synchronism in vegetation dynamics during the late antique period, since most of the territories of the western Mediterranean had been deforested by the Early Roman period. However, in mountainous regions, pollen records document a clear asynchrony