ФАЛЬСИФИКАЦИЯ И МИФЫ ВОКРУГ ЛЮДСКИХ ПОТЕРЬ КРАСНОЙ АРМИИ В СРАЖЕНИЯХ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ

The authors analyze the sources on the number of casualties during the Second World War and reveal the trend according to which during the initial period of the post-Soviet time there was the idea of the ''excessive cost of the Victory''. Then there appeared the idea that the Red Army losses greatly exceeded those of the German troops and their allies. Besides, in recent years there has been the statement of the considerable numerical superiority of the Red Army before and during the war. These are Boris Sokolov, Mark Solonin, Gavriil Popov, Vladimir Beshanov and Andrei Zubov who make up the group of authors comingto such conclusions. As the cause of heavy losses in the initial operations of the war,they consider the low morale of the Red Army, the lack of the ability to fight, the Red Army "incompetent commanders". In contrast to these conclusionsthe authors adducethose of foreign ones - American and British historians David Glantz and Robert Kershaw - as well as Russian military researcher V. Litvinenko. The latter has highlighted three important qualities of the Red Army. Firstly, the soldiers and officers of the Red Army more firmly and courageously defended the Soviet Union in 1941, than the soldiers and officers of the Wehrmacht of Germany in 1945. Secondly, in the decisive battles of the war the command of the Red Army was more far-sighted and realistic compared with the command of the Wehrmacht in the assessment of the situation at the front and reacted more promptly and adequately in the current combat situation. Thirdly, the Red Army not only surpassed the Wehrmacht with its combat power and military prowess, but also demonstrated the immensely higher morality in dealing with the defeated enemy and the civilians. The combination of outstanding military and moral qualities puts the Red Army in the first row of the greatest armies in the world history. V. Litvinenko has counted the 'irretrievable loss of human life in the battles of the war' and his estimation has refuted the existing opinion of the 'multiple excess of casualty losses of the Red Army over the Wehrmacht' in the Great Patriotic War operations.Авторы анализируют литературу по количеству людских потерь в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Выделяется группа авторов, формулирующих в своих работах выводы о «многократном превышении людских потерь Красной армии над потерями вермахта» в операциях Великой Отечественной войны - Борис Соколов, Марк Солонин, Гавриил Попов, Владимир Бешанов, Андрей Зубов. Данной группе современных исследователей авторы противопоставляют выводы зарубежных авторов - американского и британского историков Дэвида Гланца и Роберта Кершоу, а также российского военного специалиста-исследователя В.В. Литвиненко

Stability of thin quasi-crystalline Ti-Zr-Ni films and related crystalline phases under low-energy transient plasma irradiation

The properties of Ti41Zr38.3Ni20.7 thin films under radiation-thermal action of hydrogen plasma with a surface heat load of 0.2 MJ/m² was studied at the QSPA Kh-50 quasi-stationary plasma accelerator (NSC KIPT). The phase composition, structural state, and surface morphology were studied using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the quasicrystalline phase and related crystalline phases, the Laves phase, the α-solid solution, and the 2/1 phase of the Ti-Zr-Ni approximant crystal were stable under irradiation with up to 20 hydrogen plasma pulses. The phase composition did not change. It is shown that the changes in the coatings mainly manifest themselves as changes in the substructure of the observed phases. With an increase in the plasma exposure dose, the structure of the quasicrystalline icosahedral phase improves, and the size of the coherence regions increases. In the films consisting of crystalline phases, a partial phase transformation is observed with a redistribution of components between the 2/1 phase of the approximant crystal and the α-solid solution phase. It was found that thin films of the Ti-Zr-Ni system containing a quasicrystalline icosahedral phase, irradiated with radiation-thermal plasma pulses, are less prone to cracking than coatings with crystalline phases of the same system.На квазістаціонарному плазмовому прискорювачі КСПП Х-50 (ННЦ ХФТІ) досліджено характеристики тонких плівок Ti41Zr38.3Ni20.7 при радіаційно-термічному впливі водневої плазми з тепловим навантаженням на поверхню 0,2 МДж/м². Фазовий склад, структурний стан та морфологія поверхні були досліджені методами рентгенівської дифракції та скануючої електронної мікроскопії. Встановлено, що квазікрісталічна фаза, а також споріднені з нею кристалічні фази: фаза Лавеса, α-твердий розчин і фаза 2/1 кристала-апроксиманта Ti-Zr-Ni-системи виявилися стійкими при опроміненні до 20 імпульсів водневої плазми. Фазовий склад якісно не змінюється. Показано, що зміни, які відбуваються в покриттях, в основному проявляються як зміни в субструктурі спостережуваних фаз. Структура квазікристалічної ікосаедричної фази з накопиченням імпульсів впливу вдосконалюється, і розмір областей когерентності збільшується. У плівках, що складаються з кристалічних фаз, спостерігається часткове фазове перетворення з перерозподілом компонентів між фазою 2/1 кристала-апроксиманта і фазою α-твердого розчину. Встановлено, що тонкі плівки Ti-Zr-Ni-системи, що містять квазікристалічну ікосаедричну фазу, при радіаційно-термічних навантаженнях у сумі 20 імпульсами менш схильні до утворення тріщин, ніж покриття з кристалічними фазами тієї ж системи

Twisted sectors in three-dimensional gravity

Twisted sectors --solutions to the equations of motion with non-trivial monodromies-- of three dimensional Euclidean gravity are studied. We argue that upon quantization this new sector of the theory provides the necessary (and no more) degrees of freedom to account for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.Comment: An unnecessary restriction removed. To appear in PRD. Revtex, no figures, 20 p

AdS/CFT Equivalence Transformation

We show that any conformal field theory in d-dimensional Minkowski space, in a phase with spontaneously broken conformal symmetry and with the dilaton among its fields, can be rewritten in terms of the static gauge (d-1)-brane on AdS_(d+1) by means of an invertible change of variables. This nonlinear holographic transformation maps the Minkowski space coordinates onto the brane worldvolume ones and the dilaton onto the transverse AdS brane coordinate. One of the consequences of the existence of this map is that any (d-1)-brane worldvolume action on AdS_(d+1)\times X^m (with X^m standing for the sphere S^m or more complicated curved manifold) admits an equivalent description in Minkowski space as a nonlinear and higher-derivative extension of some conventional conformal field theory action, with the conformal group being realized in a standard way. The holographic transformation explicitly relates the standard realization of the conformal group to its field-dependent nonlinear realization as the isometry group of the brane AdS_(d+1) background. Some possible implications of this transformation, in particular, for the study of the quantum effective action of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence, are briefly discussed.Comment: LaTeX, 19 pages, minor correction in Abstrac

Gravitation and inertia; a rearrangement of vacuum in gravity

We address the gravitation and inertia in the framework of 'general gauge principle', which accounts for 'gravitation gauge group' generated by hidden local internal symmetry implemented on the flat space. We connect this group to nonlinear realization of the Lie group of 'distortion' of local internal properties of six-dimensional flat space, which is assumed as a toy model underlying four-dimensional Minkowski space. The agreement between proposed gravitational theory and available observational verifications is satisfactory. We construct relativistic field theory of inertia and derive the relativistic law of inertia. This theory furnishes justification for introduction of the Principle of Equivalence. We address the rearrangement of vacuum state in gravity resulting from these ideas.Comment: 17 pages, no figures, revtex4, Accepted for publication in Astrophys. Space Sc

Superstrings on PP-Wave Backgrounds and Symmetric Orbifolds

We study the superstring theory on pp-wave background with NSNS-flux that is realized as the Penrose limit of AdS_3 x S^3 x M^4, where M^4 is T^4 or T^4/Z_2(~ K3). Quantizing this system in the covariant gauge, we explicitly construct the space-time supersymmetry algebra and the complete set of DDF operators. We analyse the spectrum of physical states by using the spectrally flowed representations of current algebra. This spectrum is classified by the ``short string sectors'' and the ``long string sectors'' as in AdS_3 string theory. The states of the latter propagate freely along the transverse plane of pp-wave background, but the states of the former do not. We compare the short string spectrum with the BPS and almost BPS states which have large R-charges in the symmetric orbifold conformal theory, which is known as the candidate of dual theory of superstrings on AdS_3 x S^3 x M^4. We show that every short string states can be embedded successfully in the single particle Hilbert space of symmetric orbifold conformal theory.Comment: Latex, 35 pages, minor change

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02