ツインブロックを装着した顔軟部組織の下顎運動中における運動解析

モーションキャプチャーシステムを用いて顔軟部組織の運動解析を行い、ツインブロック(TB)を装着した患者の下顎骨運動時の最適な構成咬合量を明らかにした。対象は成人男性20名であり、(1)アングルII級1類不正咬合の10名と(2)アングルI級不正咬合の10名に分けた。下顎骨の位置を2mm持ち上げ、それぞれ前方へ0、2、4、6mm移動させてタッピングを課したとき、顔軟部組織の動きをモーションキャプチャーシステムで記録した。顔面上のランドマークの動きを抽出して解析したところ、(2)群と比べて(1)群では、上唇の横方向の動きが小さいが、前方移動量を4mmにすると鉛直方向および前後方向の動きが増すことが明らかになった。TBの使用によって上唇の運動機能が保たれることが示された

プリアジャステッドアプライアンスで治療したClass I叢生患者における前歯の移動と安定性

プリアジャステッドアプライアンスで治療されたClass I不正咬合患者36例(17.70±7.80歳)を抜歯群24例(男児3例、女児21例、17.30±7.10歳)と非抜歯群12例(男児4例、女児8例、18.40±9.40歳)に分け、治療前後の上顎前歯および下顎前歯の移動を評価した。抜歯群では、上顎および下顎切歯が後方に移動し、舌側傾斜がみられたが、下顎中切歯の歯軸は適切であり、condylar incisal angleは約90°であった。非抜歯群では上顎中切歯が前方に移動したが、下顎切歯のlabial proclinationによりcondylar incisal angleは減少した。切歯～第2大臼歯までの歯の平均幅、アーチレングスディスクレパンシー、irregularity indexは抜歯群の方が有意に大きかった。以上から、プリアジャステッドアプライアンスで治療したClass I叢生は、両群において保定時に良好な閉塞を示したが、上顎および下顎中切歯の移動には群間差がみられるため、症例に応じて治療戦略を変えるべきであることが示された

Centromere/kinetochore is assembled through CENP-C oligomerization

Kinetochore is an essential protein complex required for accurate chromosome segregation. The constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN), a subcomplex of the kinetochore, associates with centromeric chromatin and provides a platform for the kinetochore assembly. The CCAN protein CENP-C is thought to be a central hub for the centromere/kinetochore organization. However, the role of CENP-C in CCAN assembly needs to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that both the CCAN-binding domain and the C-terminal region that includes the Cupin domain of CENP-C are necessary and sufficient for chicken CENP-C function. Structural and biochemical analyses reveal self-oligomerization of the Cupin domains of chicken and human CENP-C. We find that the CENP-C Cupin domain oligomerization is vital for CENP-C function, centromeric localization of CCAN, and centromeric chromatin organization. These results suggest that CENP-C facilitates the centromere/kinetochore assembly through its oligomerization.Hara M., Ariyoshi M., Sano T., et al. Centromere/kinetochore is assembled through CENP-C oligomerization. Molecular Cell 83, 2188 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2023.05.023

On String Theory Duals of Lifshitz-like Fixed Points

We present type IIB supergravity solutions which are expected to be dual to certain Lifshitz-like fixed points with anisotropic scale invariance. They are expected to describe a class of D3-D7 systems and their finite temperature generalizations are straightforward. We show that there exist solutions that interpolate between these anisotropic solutions in the IR and the standard AdS5 solutions in the UV. This predicts anisotropic RG flows from familiar isotropic fixed points to anisotropic ones. In our case, these RG flows are triggered by a non-zero theta-angle in Yang-Mills theories that linearly depends on one of the spatial coordinates. We study the perturbations around these backgrounds and discuss the possibility of instability. We also holographically compute their thermal entropies, viscosities, and entanglement entropies.Comment: 47 pages, 4 figure

Vapor-based polymer coatings for potential biomedical applications

Over the last decade, biology and biotechnology have witnessed an extraordinary development spanning genomics, proteomics, and metabolics. This progress was so rapid and definite that it not only changed the face of modern biology, but indeed altered the way day-to-day business is done in biology and related fields. This scientific advancement came with a need for concurrent technological advances. In this context, the ability to interface sophisticated devices with relevant biological microenvironments has emerged as a critical challenge. Already, novel biomaterials are on the horizon that promise to fulfill the rigid criteria of being both biocompatible under the conditions of a versatile range of biological applications and compatible with the increasing demands for miniaturization, integration, and throughput of future device architectures. As currently employed solvent-based polymer coatings are increasingly reaching their limits, a range of unconventional materials, such as vapor-based polymer coatings, are discussed as attractive alternatives. One of the main features of vapor-based polyreactions is their versatility in synthesizing both simple and complex polymers with relative ease and at generally low temperatures. The advantages of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique also include control of the composition and architecture of the resulting materials, high accuracy, solvent-free environments, excellent adhesion, and the ability to accommodate custom-tailored surface modifications. For further illustration, selected examples of polymer-based surface engineering approaches using vapor-based polyreactions are discussed in this review. For instance, reactive coating technology uses CVD polymerization to deposit a wide range of chemically functionalized polymer coatings on various substrate materials. Its simplicity in providing chemically reactive groups and its applicability to three-dimensional geometries (e.g. for microfluidics) enables exact tailoring of surface properties and the preparation of biologically relevant microenvironments. CVD-based reactive coatings are compatible with soft lithographic processes allowing for patterning of proteins, DNA, cytokines, and mammalian cells. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical IndustryPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55843/1/2098_ftp.pd

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements