Self-Perception of Digital Competences among Peruvian Teachers

The study analyzes teachers’ self-perceived digital competence at a private university in Lima, Peru. A non-experimental comparative level design was used through non-parametric techniques. The DigCompEdu CheckIn tool of 25 items was applied with a Likert scale. The results indicate the need to (a) validate the questionnaire and have a measure of the construct with solid and stable psychometric properties; (b) compare these findings with those found in other MetaRed Peru institutions, as a point of contrast, to develop strategies that encourage teachers to continue their digital literacy; and (c) identify which interventions in informal settings help teachers develop their digital competence. © 2020 Copyright for this paper by its authors

DigCompEdu CheckIn 在一所秘鲁私立大学的教师中的有效性和可靠性证据

Introduction: For some years now, various frameworks and self-assessment tools have been developed to describe the facets of teachers’ digital competence, one of these being the DigCompEdu CheckIn. This has been validated in English in Morocco, in German in Germany, and in Spanish in Spain. The objective of this study is to validate the instrument that was developed in another context, so that it responds to the need to measure the digital competence of teachers at a private university in Lima, Peru, based on their self-perception. Method: An instrumental study was carried out to determine the evidence of validity and reliability of the DigCompEdu CheckIn tool. The sample consisted of 1,218 teachers from different areas: Art, Sciences, Social Sciences, Legal Sciences, Engineering and Architecture, Health Sciences, and Humanities. Results: The results indicate the regrouping of digital skills in a structure of three factors (F1, F2, F3) and 22 skills, unlike the original structure composed of six factors. This reduction in the structure of competencies does not rule out the interaction between general competencies, but rather maintains it. The three global competencies (Student Competencies (F1); Educators Professional Competencies (F2); Educators Pedagogical Competencies (F3) interact and interrelate. Conclusions: The findings show that the DigCompEdu CheckIn is a valid and reliable tool among teachers. New studies are needed to verify the three-factor proposal of the instrument for the Peruvian context, as well as its reliability in new populations and cultural contexts.Introducción: Desde hace algunos años, se vienen desarrollando diversos marcos y herramientas de autoevaluación para describir las facetas de la competencia digital de los docentes, siendo uno de estos el DigCompEdu CheckIn. Este ha sido validado al inglés en Marruecos, al alemán en Alemania, y al español en España. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en validar el instrumento que fue elaborado en otro contexto, para que responda a la necesidad de medir la competencia digital de los docentes de una universidad privada en Lima, Perú, a partir de su autopercepción. Método: Se realizó un estudio instrumental para determinar las evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de la herramienta DigCompEdu CheckIn. La muestra estuvo constituida por 1218 docentes de diferentes áreas: Arte, Ciencias, Ciencias Sociales, Ciencias Jurídicas, Ingenierías y Arquitectura, Ciencias de la Salud, y Humanidades. Resultados: Los resultados señalan la reagrupación de las competencias digitales en una estructura de tres factores (F1, F2, F3) y 22 competencias, a diferencia de la estructura original compuesta de seis factores. Esta reducción de la estructura de las competencias no descarta la interacción entre las competencias generales, sino que la mantiene. Las tres competencias globales (Competencias de los estudiantes (F1); Competencias profesionales de los educadores (F2); Competencias pedagógicas de los educadores (F3) interactúan y se interrelacionan. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos evidencian que el DigCompEdu CheckIn es una herramienta válida y confiable entre los docentes. Es necesario realizar nuevos estudios que verifiquen la propuesta de tres factores del instrumento para el contexto peruano, así como su confiabilidad en nuevas poblaciones y contextos culturales.Введение: В течение нескольких лет было разработано несколько шаблонов и инструментов самооценки для описания аспектов цифровой компетентности учителей, одним из которых является DigCompEdu CheckIn. Она была утверждена на английском языке в Марокко, на немецком языке в Германии и на испанском языке в Испании. Целью данного исследования является проверка инструмента, который был разработан в другом контексте, чтобы ответить на необходимость измерения цифровой компетентности преподавателей частного университета в Лиме, Перу, на основе их самовосприятия. Метод: Было проведено инструментальное исследование для определения доказательств валидности и надежности инструмента DigCompEdu CheckIn. Выборка состояла из 1218 учителей из различных областей: искусства, естественных наук, социальных наук, юридических наук, инженерии и архитектуры, здравоохранения и гуманитарных наук. Результаты: Результаты показывают перегруппировку цифровых компетенций в структуру из трех факторов (F1, F2, F3) и 22 компетенций, в отличие от первоначальной структуры из шести факторов. Такое сокращение структуры компетенций не исключает взаимодействия между общими компетенциями, а сохраняет его. Три глобальные компетенции (компетенции обучающихся (F1); профессиональные компетенции педагогов (F2); педагогические компетенции педагогов (F3)) взаимодействуют и взаимосвязаны. Выводы: Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что DigCompEdu CheckIn является валидным и надежным инструментом для учителей. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для проверки трехфакторного подхода инструмента для перуанского контекста, а также его надежности в новых популяциях и культурных контекстах.引言：多年来，用来描述教师数字能力各个方面的不同自我评估框架和工具已经得到了开发，其中之一就是 DigCompEdu CheckIn。该工具已在摩洛哥的英语版本、德国的德语版本和西班牙的西班牙语版本中得到验证。本研究的目的是验证其另一种背景下的开发，以便它回应秘鲁利马一所私立大学教师根据自我认知来衡量的数字能力的需求。 研究方法：我们进行了一项工具型研究，以确定 DigCompEdu CheckIn 工具的有效性和可靠性的证据。样本包括来自不同领域的 1218 名教师：艺术、科学、社会科学、法律科学、工程与建筑学、健康科学和人文科学。 研究结果：结果表明数字技能在三个因素（F1、F2、F3）和 22 项技能的结构中重新组合，与由六个因素组成的原始结构不同。这种能力结构的减少并不排除一般能力之间的相互作用，而是保持它。三种全球能力（学生能力F1；教育者专业能力F2和教育者教学能力F3）相互作用和相互关联。 研究结论：调查结果表明，DigCompEdu CheckIn 在教师中是一种有效且可靠的工具。此外，我们需要进行新的研究来验证这一在秘鲁背景下由三个因素组成的工具，以及它在新的人群和文化背景下的可靠性

Easy Handling and Cost-Efficient Processing of a Tb3+-MOF: The Emissive Capacity of the Membrane-Immobilized Material, Water Vapour Adsorption and Proton Conductivity

The development of convenient, non-complicated, and cost-efficient processing techniques for packing low-density MOF powders for industry implementation is essential nowadays. To increase MOFs’ availability in industrial settings, we propose the synthesis of a novel 3D Tb-MOF (1) and a simple and non-expensive method for its immobilization in the form of pellets and membranes in polymethacrylate (PMMA) and polysulphone (PSF). The photoluminescent properties of the processed materials were investigated. To simulate industrial conditions, stability towards temperature and humidity have been explored in the pelletized material. Water-adsorption studies have been carried out in bulk and processed materials, and because of the considerable capacity to adsorb water, proton-conduction studies have been investigated for 1.University of the Basque Country GIU 20/028Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology UIDB/50011/2020 UIDP/50011/2020 LA/P/0006/2020Spanish Government PGC2018-102052-A-C22 PGC2018-102052-B-C21 PID2019-108028GB-C21Basque Government IT1755-22 IT1310-19 IT1291-19Junta de Andalucia B-FQM-734-UGR20 ProyEx-cel_00386 FQM-39

Aplicación del método Kaizen para mejorar la productividad del área de operaciones en la empresa Shun Technology V&r S.R.L., Ventanilla, 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “Aplicación del método Kaizen para mejorar la productividad del área de operaciones en la empresa Shun Technology V&r S.R.L., Ventanilla, 2021”. Tuvo como objetivo determinar cómo la metodología Kaizen mejora la productividad del área de operaciones en la empresa Shun Technology V&r S.R.L. El estudio de la investigación se realizó desde un enfoque cuantitativo para una mejor interpretación de las variables, con un diseño experimental de tipo cuasi-experimental y de nivel explicativo; relacionada a los indicadores de eficiencia y eficacia; la población, para este proyecto, es el número de instalaciones; los instrumentos son las fichas observaciones de operaciones y las fórmulas validadas por el juicio de expertos, así mismo los resultados obtenidos se verán representados en tablas y figuras. Este trabajo de investigación tiene como conclusión principal tiene que la Aplicación del método Kaizen para mejorar la productividad del área de operaciones en la empresa Shun Technology V&r S.R.L., Ventanilla, 2021, implicando que mejora la eficiencia parcial de Instalación y cumplimiento de metas. Lo que se evidencia es que el método Kaizen sí mejoró la productividad de estas 12 semanas, ya que antes de los cambios fue de 20%, sin embargo, la productividad después de los cambios fue de 36%, aumentando en 80%

Comportamientos habituales relacionados con la corrupción en estudiantes universitarios limeños

Corruption is one of the main problems in Peru, along with crime and citizen insecurity, violence against women, drug use, poverty and unemployment. The latter has increased in recent months due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of the study was to determine common behaviors associated with corruption among university students from Lima, Peru. Among the common behaviors identified, it was found that students, at least once, had bought pirated products (94.4%), offered false excuses to their parents to justify where they were (88.5%), and cheated on exams (74.4%). These behaviors were observed in both men and women. The results show that these behaviors are the result of a broader educational problem that has permeated the morals and ethics of society.La corrupción es uno de los principales problemas del Perú, junto con la delincuencia y la inseguridad ciudadana, la violencia contra las mujeres, el consumo de drogas, la pobreza y el desempleo. Este último ha aumentado en los últimos meses debido a la pandemia de la COVID-19. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar comportamientos habituales asociados a la corrupción entre algunos estudiantes universitarios de Lima, Perú. Entre los comportamientos comunes identificados, se encontró que los estudiantes habían, al menos una vez, comprado productos piratas (94,4%), ofrecido falsas excusas a sus padres para justificar dónde estaban (88,5%), y copiado en algún examen (74,4%). Estos comportamientos se observaron tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Los resultados muestran que estos comportamientos habituales son el resultado de un problema educativo más amplio que ha permeado la moral y la ética de la sociedad.Revisión por pare

Adsorptive Capacity, Inhibitory Activity and Processing Techniques for a Copper-MOF Based on the 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate Ligand

Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/molecules27228073/s1Acknowledgments: E.E. is grateful to the Government of the Basque Country for the predoctoral fellowship and R.F.M for the Junior Research Position CEECIND/ 00553/2017. S.R. acknowledges the Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Fellowship (grant agreement no. IJC2019-038894-I). The authors thank for technical and human support provided by SGIker of UPV/EHU and European funding (ERDF and ESF) and also wish to acknowledge the terrific help of all reviewers of the present manuscript, whose comments helped to improve the quality of the work.Funding: This work was developed within the scope of the projects given by the University of the Basque Country (GIU 20/028 Junta de Andalucía (B-FQM-734-UGR20, ProyExcel_00386 and FQM-394), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) (PGC2018-102052-B-C21) and the CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020 and UIDP/50011/2020).Due to the fast, emerging development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the need for novel, efficient routes to battle these pathogens is crucial; in this scenario, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials for combating them effectively. Herein, a novel Cu-MOF—namely 1—that displays the formula [Cu3L2(DMF)2]n (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) is described, synthesized by the combination of copper(II) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (H3L)—both having well-known antibacterial properties. The resulting three-dimensional structure motivated us to study the antibacterial activity, adsorptive capacity and processability of the MOF in the form of pellets and membranes as a proof-of-concept to evaluate its future application in devices.Government of the Basque Country for the predoctoral fellowship and R.F.M for the Junior Research Position CEECIND/00553/2017Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Fellowship (grant agreement no. IJC2019-038894-I)SGIker of UPV/EHUEuropean funding (ERDF and ESF)University of the Basque Country (GIU 20/028 Junta de Andalucía (B-FQM-734-UGR20, ProyExcel_00386 and FQM-394)Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) (PGC2018-102052-B-C21)CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020 and UIDP/50011/2020

A Mixed Heterobimetallic Y/Eu-MOF for the Cyanosilylation and Hydroboration of Carbonyls

Supplementary Materials The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/catal12030299/s1. Table S1: Elemental analysis of compounds Y/Eu-MOF. Table S2: ICP-AES results of compound Y/Eu-MOF. Table S3: Crystallographic data and structure refinement details of compound Y/Eu-MOF. Table S4: Selected bond lengths (Å) and angles (°) for compound Y/Eu-MOF. Table S5: Table of the continuous Shape Measurements for the MN3O6 coordination environment. Table S6: Table of the continuous Shape Measurements for the MO8 coordination environment. Table S7: Electrophoretic mobility and ζ-potential dependence, with the pH of the Y/Eu-MOFs particles dispersed in water. Conductivity fixed at 330 µS/cm. Table S8: Optimization of the reaction conditions in the hydroboration reaction. Table S9: Green metrics calculated for Y/Eu-MOF catalyst. Table S10: Catalytic cyanosilylation of benzaldehyde performances of Ln-MOFs, as reported in the literature. Figure S1: Figure of the pattern matching analysis and experimental PXRD for Y/Eu-MOF. Figure S2: Figure of the infrared spectra of the ligand and Y/Eu-MOF. Figure S3: SEM and EDS mapping of bulk material of Y/Eu-MOF. Figure S4: Images and particle size distribution (an overall of 250 particles) in the deposited fraction of Y/Eu-MOF catalyst non-suspended in water (about a 68% of the total amount), determined from optical microscope images. Figure S5: Images and particle size distribution (an overall of 250 particles) of Y/Eu-MOF crystals in the fraction steadily suspended in water (about a 32% of the total amount), determined from optical microscope images. Figure S6: Comparation of the particle size distribution of Y/Eu-MOF in the fraction steadily suspended in water and the non-suspended, determined from optical microscope images. Figure S7: Calibration line of conductivity (µS/cm) vs [NaCl] (mol/L). Figure S8: ζ-potential (mV) dependence with the pH of the Y/Eu-MOF. All the measurements were performed with constant conductivity of 330 µS/cm. Figure S9: Electrophoretic mobility (µm·cm/V·s) dependence with the pH of the Y/Eu-MOF. All the measurements were performed with constant conductivity of 330 µS/cm. Figure S10: Study of the recyclability of Y/Eu-MOF (0.5 mol%) catalyst on the cyanosilylation and hydroboration reaction of acetophenone as carbonyl substrate. Figure S11: Analysis of the TOF (h−1) obtained in the cyanosilylation reaction of acetophenone at different times of reaction with Y/Eu-MOF (0.5 mol%), with the optimized reaction conditions. Figure S12: Analysis of the TOF (h−1) obtained in the hydroboration reaction acetophenone at different times of reaction with Y/Eu-MOF (0.5 mol%), with the optimized reaction conditions. Scheme S1: Reaction conditions used for the study of recyclability of Y/Eu-MOF catalysts in the cyanosilylation reaction. Scheme S2: Reaction conditions used for the study of recyclability of Y/Eu-MOF catalysts in the hydroboration reaction. Scheme S3: Leaching test, carried out after the first and second cycles.Funding: This research has been funded by the State Research Agency (grants CTQ2017-84334-R and PGC2018-102052-B-C21) of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, the European Union (European Regional Development Fund—ERDF), Junta de Andalucía (P20_01041, UAL2020-AGR-B1781, B-FQM-734-UGR20 and FQM-394). E.E., S.R., and J.P. acknowledge the Government of the Basque Country, Juan de la Cierva Incorporación (grant no. IJC2019-038894-I) and University of Almeria (grant no. HIPATIA2021_04) for their respective fellowsHerein, to the best of our knowledge, the first heterobimetallic Y/Eu porous metal–organic framework (MOF), based on 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (H2L) ligand, with the following formulae {[Y3.5Eu1.5L6(OH)3(H2O)3]·12DMF}n (in advance, namely Y/Eu-MOF), is described. The three-dimensional structure has been synthesized by solvothermal routes and thoroughly characterized, by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, electronic microscopy, ICP-AES, electrophoretic mobility, and FTIR spectra. Intriguingly, the porous nature allows for coordinated solvent molecules displacement, yielding unsaturated metal centers, which can act as a Lewis acid catalyst. This novel supramolecular entity has been tested in cyanosilylation and hydroboration reactions on carbonyl substrates of a diverse nature, exhibiting an extraordinary activity.Cierva Incorporación IJC2019-038894-IState Research Agency CTQ2017-84334-R, PGC2018-102052-B-C21University of Almeria HIPATIA2021_04Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesEuropean CommissionEuropean Regional Development FundJunta de Andalucía B-FQM-734-UGR20, FQM-394, IJC2019-038894-I, P20_01041, UAL2020-AGR-B178

Theory of inelastic lifetimes of low-energy electrons in metals

Electron dynamics in the bulk and at the surface of solid materials are well known to play a key role in a variety of physical and chemical phenomena. In this article we describe the main aspects of the interaction of low-energy electrons with solids, and report extensive calculations of inelastic lifetimes of both low-energy electrons in bulk materials and image-potential states at metal surfaces. New calculations of inelastic lifetimes in a homogeneous electron gas are presented, by using various well-known representations of the electronic response of the medium. Band-structure calculations, which have been recently carried out by the authors and collaborators, are reviewed, and future work is addressed.Comment: 28 pages, 18 figures, to appear in Chem. Phy

Diagnóstico operativo de la Empresa Cervecera del Perú

En la actualidad las empresas deben estar permanentemente analizadas en su propuesta de valor, dado que finalmente el tipo de producto, su calidad y atributos hacen que sea valorado y consumido por los clientes, generando por lo tanto ventajas competitivas y comparativas para la subsistencia empresarial. Para ello, uno de los enfoques principales es el análisis de los procesos que conducen la transformación de insumos a productos, con las características y atributos que satisfagan las necesidades y expectativas de los clientes. Mediante el Diagnóstico Operativo Empresarial, se logra analizar identificar los principales procesos y proponer cambios que incrementen la propuesta de valor de los productos y por lo tanto soporten el crecimiento sostenible de la empresa. El presente trabajo realizado a la Empresa Cervecera del Perú (ECP), ubicado en Lima Peru, se centra en la producción de bebidas no alcohólicas jarabeadas y de malteadas, con una producción de 2’755,905 Hl en el año 2016 y un volumen de ventas de S/146 millones en dichas bebidas, aborda los procesos de diseño, planificación, operación, cadena de suministro, gestión de la calidad y mantenimiento proponiendo mejoras que conduzcan al incremento de la propuesta de valor de la empresa. Dichas mejoras permitirán incrementar la eficiencia operativa de ECP mediante balances de línea, cambios en la configuración de la disposición de planta, mejora en la administración de inventarios y procesos que permitirían un impacto significativo positivo en la reducción de los costos operativos. Con las mejoras propuestas se generarían beneficios por S/ 60.34 y ahorros por S/ 6.04, con un costo de implementación ascendente a S/ 28.12 millones. Asimismo, se contempla la propuesta de una alternativa de menor costo en S/ 13.17 millones, en la sección de Ubicación de Planta, para resolver los problemas de agua para producciónAt present, companies must be permanently analyzed in their value proposition, since finally the type of product, its quality and attributes make it valued and consumed by the customers, thus generating competitive and comparative advantages for the business subsistence. For this, one of the main approaches is the analysis of the processes that lead the transformation of inputs to products, with the characteristics and attributes that satisfy the needs and expectations of the customers. Through the Business Operational Diagnosis, it is possible to analyze the main processes and propose changes that increase the value proposition of the products and therefore support the sustainable growth of the company. The present work carried out to the Peruvian Brewing Company (ECP), located in Lima Peru, focuses on the production of syrup and malt non-alcoholic beverages, with a production of 2'755,905 Hl in 2016 and a sales volume of S/ 146 million in these beverages, it addresses the processes of design, planning, operation, supply chain, quality management and maintenance proposing improvements that lead to the increase of the value proposal of the company. These improvements will increase the operational efficiency of ECP through line balances, changes in the layout of the plant layout, improved inventory management and processes that would have a significant positive impact on the reduction of operating costs. With the proposed improvements, profits would be generated for S/ 60.34 and savings for S/ 6.04, with a cost of S/ 28.12 million. Likewise, it is contemplated the proposal of a lower cost alternative in S/ 13.17 million, in the section of Plant Location, to solve the problems of water for productionTesi