Crianças construindo jogos de tabuleiro na educação infantil : interconexões entre a expressão gráfica e as ideias matemáticas

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Anderson Roges Teixeira GóesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação: Teoria e Prática de Ensino. Defesa : Curitiba, 11/03/2021Inclui referências: p. 131-135Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa (LÜDKE; ANDRÉ, 2018), desenvolvida dentro da perspectiva da Pesquisa com Crianças (DORNELLES; FERNANDES, 2015; FERNANDES, 2016; TEBALDI et al, 2018) na faixa etária de quatro e cinco anos, de uma escola municipal de Curitiba que oferta a Educação Infantil. A pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar as contribuições da construção de jogos de tabuleiro pelas crianças no desenvolvimento das ideias matemáticas na Educação Infantil. O desenvolvimento do aporte teórico busca compreender a Educação Infantil e seus pressupostos legais, teóricos e metodológicos (BRASIL, 2009a, 2009b, 2010, 2018; FREIRE, 1996, 2017; GARCIA, 2017; RICHTER; BARBOSA, 2010), seguido do entendimento das ideias sobre os processos de aprendizagem na Educação Infantil (BARBOSA et al., 2013, 2016; ELKONIN, 2009; FOCHI, 2015; FRIEDMANN, 2012, 2014; MALAGUZZI, 2016; RINALDI, 2018; VIGOSTKI, 2008), os jogos no contexto do conhecimento matemático e dos direitos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento (FORTUNA, 2003, 2010; FRIEDMANN, 2014; KAMII, 2011, 2012; KAMII; JOSEPH, 2005; KISHIMOTO, 2010, 2011, 2014; KLISYS, 2014; REAME et al., 2012; LORENZATO, 2018; SMOLE, 2000, 2014) e a construção dos jogos de tabuleiro pelas crianças (CURITIBA, 2016b; KLISYS, 2010, 2014; MONTEIRO, 2001, 2014). Discutimos também a Expressão Gráfica e a adoção de seus recursos para o trabalho nessa faixa etária (CURITIBA, 2016a, 2020; DERDIK, 2004; GÓES, 2013; GÓES; GÓES, 2018; LUZ; GÓES, 2018; OSTETTO, 2010; SMOLE, 2000), finalizando com a revisão de literatura, na qual buscamos compreender a forma como estão sendo realizadas as pesquisas com temáticas afins. Para a consolidação desta pesquisa, foi desenvolvida uma proposta de trabalho que visou primeiramente a ampliar o repertório das crianças sobre os jogos de tabuleiro e posteriormente propor a construção de um jogo por elas. Durante esse percurso, foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados o registro das observações da pesquisadora, por meio de anotações e arquivos de áudio, vídeo e/ou imagens fotográficas, além de uma entrevista semiestruturada aplicada no fim da proposta à professora regente da turma. As análises foram realizadas considerando quatro aspectos: (i) o jogo como aporte para a ampliação das ideias matemáticas; (ii) o jogo como fundamento para a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento integral das crianças; (iii) a ludicidade, as interações e a participação das crianças para a qualificação do processo educativo; (iv) as contribuições da Expressão Gráfica. As análises desta pesquisa, com base nos dados produzidos, mostram que as propostas com jogos de tabuleiro, em especial, sua construção pelas crianças, proporcionaram a ampliação das ideias matemáticas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento integral delas e favorecendo a presença dos seis direitos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento na Educação Infantil.Abstract: This dissertation presents a research of qualitative approach (LÜDKE; ANDRÉ, 2018), developed on the research with children's perspective (DORNELLES; FERNANDES, 2015; FERNANDES, 2016; TEBALDI et al, 2018), including four and five year-old children of a municipal school of Curitiba. It aims to investigate the contributions of the development of board games by children in the development of mathematical ideas in Early Childhood Education. For this purpose, the theoretical basis helps to understand the Early Childhood Education and its legal, theoretical and methodological assumptions (BRASIL, 2009a, 2009b, 2010, 2018; FREIRE, 1996, 2017; GARCIA, 2017; RICHTER; BARBOSA, 2010), the learning processes in Early Childhood Education (BARBOSA et al., 2013, 2016; ELKONIN, 2009; FOCHI, 2015; FRIEDMANN, 2012, 2014; MALAGUZZI, 2016; RINALDI, 2018; VIGOTSKI, 2008), the games in the context of mathematical background and learning and development rights (FORTUNA, 2003, 2010; FRIEDMANN, 2014; KAMII, 2011, 2012; KAMII; JOSEPH, 2005; KISHIMOTO, 2010, 2011, 2014; KLISYS, 2014; REAME et al., 2012; LORENZATO, 2018; SMOLE, 2000, 2014), and the development of board games by children (CURITIBA, 2016b; KLISYS, 2010, 2014; MONTEIRO, 2001, 2014). Graphic expression and the use of its resources with that age group are also discussed (CURITIBA, 2016a, 2020; DERDIK, 2004; GÓES, 2013; GÓES; GÓES, 2018; LUZ; GÓES, 2018; OSTETTO, 2010; SMOLE, 2000). The bibliographic review looks for to understand how researches into similar themes are being accomplished. Finally, it was developed a work proposal that sought firstly to widen the children's repertoire on the board games and also to propose the development of a game by them. During that course, it was used as data collection instrument the registration of the researcher's observations, through annotations and audio, video and/or images files, besides a semi-structured interview applied to the teacher. The analyses were accomplished considering four aspects: (i) the game as contribution for the widening of the mathematical ideas; (ii) the game as basis for children's learning and integral development; (iii) the playfulness, the interactions and children's participation for the qualification of the educational process; (iv) the contributions of the graphic expression. The analyses of this research show that the proposals with board games, especially their development by children, provided the widening of the mathematical ideas, contributing to their integral development and to the presence of the six learning and development rights in the Early Childhood Education

AVALIAÇÃO MICROBIOLÓGICA E HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIA EM LANCHERIAS LOCALIZADAS EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

Introdução: Os estudantes universitários passam maior parte do seu tempo na universidade e utilizam as lancherias como as principais fornecedoras dos alimentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência de microrganismos em diferentes superfícies em serviços de alimentação de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, bem como as Boas Práticas (BP). Métodos: Foram analisados seis pontos em cada local. A pesquisa incluiu a análise de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, contagem total de bactérias mesófilas aeróbias (CTBMA), bolores e leveduras, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Bacillus cereus (BL). A investigação de conformidade dos itens foi avaliada por meio da verificação (checklist) de BP em serviços de alimentação. Resultados e Discussão: Dentre os pontos analisados, a bancada de produção de alimentos apresentou maiores índices de contaminação nos dois estabelecimentos, com presença de BL, na Lancheria A, e CTBMA, BL e coliformes totais na Lancheria B. Em relação ao checklist, os resultados de conformidade gerais foram de 91,15% e 92,30% para as lancherias A e B, respectivamente. Conclusão: Embora os estabelecimentos tenham apresentados níveis satisfatórios em relação as conformidades, a contaminação encontrada em alguns pontos analisados reforça a necessidade de atitudes acerca das condições higiênico-sanitárias do ambiente para garantir a segurança dos alimentos produzidos.

Adequacy of food consumption in elderly Alzheimer's disease in a community of Southern Brazil: a Cross-sectional study

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, with a multifactorial etiology, in which the person has great difficulty identifying feelings of hunger, satiety, and feeding, which may affect their nutritional status. Pathologically, it is associated with neurodegeneration of synapses followed by neuronal loss, accompanied by glial proliferation surrounded by neurofibrillary tangles, beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposition, inflammation and cerebrovascular injury hindering the ability to perform activities of daily living. This study aimed to analyze quantitatively the differences between an elderly group with AD and a control group, in terms of macro and micronutrient consumption evaluation. Methods: the study involved 69 participants who were assessed via collection of anthropometric measurements (weight, height and body mass index) with nutritional status being assessed by 24-hour food recall and three-day food record. Cognitive assessments were performed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Ranting (CDR). Results: The intake of lipids in patients with severe dementia, was lower (p <0.05). The consumption of proteins showed a decrease with demential advance. For vitamins, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) in the amount of thiamine, niacin, vitamin D, E and K and calcium, chromium and iodine minerals, which were significantly reduced in AD patients (p <0.05). Conclusions: Decreases in macronutrient and micronutrient consumption may result in a consequent impairment of nutritional status, dementia progression, and decreased quality and life expectancy of elderly patients with AD

Assistência à Pacientes Oncológicos na era Covid-19: uma Revisão Integrativa/ Care for Oncological Patients in the Covid-19 Era: an Integrative Review

O presente estudo foi direcionado aos pacientes oncológicos, que além de serem susceptíveis, podem sofrer complicações graves pela COVID-19. Objetivou-se descrever o processo de trabalho na prestação da assistência a estes pacientes durante a pandemia da COVID 19. Para isso, fez-se o uso da metodologia de revisão integrativa e método descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Em sua execução foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health – USA (PubMed). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, foram selecionados 13 estudos, distribuídos em âmbito nacional totalizando 31% e internacional 69%. Entre os estudos brasileiros, 25% são da região Sul e 75% da região sudeste, sendo 46 % foram estudos extraídos da BVS e 54% da PubMed. Os resultados e discussões evidenciaram que os pacientes oncológicos demandam das equipes de saúde condutas assistenciais que distanciem as possibilidades de contaminação pela COVID-19. Portanto, a assistência exige a implementação rigorosa de protocolos institucionais, definição de fluxograma de atendimentos e execução de organogramas para adequação dos processos de trabalho

Epilepsy, hippocampal sclerosis and febrile seizures linked by common genetic variation around SCN1A

Epilepsy comprises several syndromes, amongst the most common being mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Seizures in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis are typically drug-resistant, and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis is frequently associated with important co-morbidities, mandating the search for better understanding and treatment. The cause of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis is unknown, but there is an association with childhood febrile seizures. Several rarer epilepsies featuring febrile seizures are caused by mutations in SCN1A, which encodes a brain-expressed sodium channel subunit targeted by many anti-epileptic drugs. We undertook a genome-wide association study in 1018 people with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis and 7552 control subjects, with validation in an independent sample set comprising 959 people with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis and 3591 control subjects. To dissect out variants related to a history of febrile seizures, we tested cases with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis with (overall n = 757) and without (overall n = 803) a history of febrile seizures. Meta-analysis revealed a genome-wide significant association for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis with febrile seizures at the sodium channel gene cluster on chromosome 2q24.3 [rs7587026, within an intron of the SCN1A gene, P = 3.36 × 10−9, odds ratio (A) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval: 1.26-1.59]. In a cohort of 172 individuals with febrile seizures, who did not develop epilepsy during prospective follow-up to age 13 years, and 6456 controls, no association was found for rs7587026 and febrile seizures. These findings suggest SCN1A involvement in a common epilepsy syndrome, give new direction to biological understanding of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis with febrile seizures, and open avenues for investigation of prognostic factors and possible prevention of epilepsy in some children with febrile seizure

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass