Vibration in electromagnetically heated steel

When a ferromagnetic steel billet was heated by induction a large increase in the amplitude of longitudinal vibration frequently occurred as a result of resonance. This happened when a natural frequency of the bar coincided with twice the heating frequency or multiples thereof. The temperature at which resonance occurred depended on a number of factors including billet length and heating power. Resonance was most often observed when the surface temperature of the billet reached the Curie point. It is well established that magnetostrictive vibrations occur in a ferromagnetic material subjected to an alternating electromagnetic field, but existing data suggests that linear magnetostriction decreases towards the Curie point. Linear magnetostriction was measured in a sample of mild steel up to 800ºC using a high temperature strain gauge. The magnetostriction constant 100 was calculated assuming an average grain orientation in mild steel. The data was found to be comparable to that published for single crystals of iron. It was discovered that linear magnetostriction was responsible for resonance below 600ºC but not for temperatures near the Curie point. Other possible causes of resonance such as forces produced by the interaction between eddy currents and the alternating electromagnetic field, the alpha to gamma phase transformation and the existence of a thin ferromagnetic layer were investigated. None were found to account for resonance in bars of mild steel heated by induction. Experimental work relating to the induction heating of steel is compared to previous work on the subject of electromagnetic generation of ultrasound where a similar increase of the amplitude of longitudinal waves in steel is reported at the Curie point. It is concluded that the two phenomena are related as they show strong similarities

Quantum Mechanics in a New Light

Although the present paper looks upon the formal apparatus of quantum mechanics as a calculus of correlations, it goes beyond a purely operationalist interpretation. Having established the consistency of the correlations with the existence of their correlata (measurement outcomes), and having justified the distinction between a domain in which outcome-indicating events occur and a domain whose properties only exist if their existence is indicated by such events, it explains the difference between the two domains as essentially the difference between the manifested world and its manifestation. A single, intrinsically undifferentiated Being manifests the macroworld by entering into reflexive spatial relations. This atemporal process implies a new kind of causality and sheds new light on the mysterious nonlocality of quantum mechanics. Unlike other realist interpretations, which proceed from an evolving-states formulation, the present interpretation proceeds from Feynman's formulation of the theory, and it introduces a new interpretive principle, replacing the collapse postulate and the eigenvalue--eigenstate link of evolving-states formulations. Applied to alternatives involving distinctions between regions of space, this principle implies that the spatiotemporal differentiation of the physical world is incomplete. Applied to alternatives involving distinctions between things, it warrants the claim that, intrinsically, all fundamental particles are identical in the strong sense of numerical identical. They are the aforementioned intrinsically undifferentiated Being, which manifests the macroworld by entering into reflexive spatial relations.Comment: 24 pages, published in Foundations of Science. Significantly revised and expanded version of the preprints posted earlie

Tandem metal-mediated synthesis

This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Boronic acids RB(OH){sub 2} are currently of interest for applications involving molecular recognition such as amine and sugar sensors and selective transport of biomolecules. They have also been shown to be powerful enzyme inhibitors and alpha-aminoboronic acids (ABAs) are particularly selective inhibitors of serine proteases. Unfortunately, current multistep synthetic routes to the latter compounds do not allow for the incorporation of a wide variety of organic substituents R that may lead to new, more selective enzyme inhibitors. In this work the author describes several direct routes to ABAs based on metal-catalyzed addition of diboron compounds to imines and nitriles. Several other applications of diboron additions to heteroatom-containing unsaturated organics are also described

A Case Study on the Impact of Web-based Technology in a Simulation Analysis Course

A case study is presented on the use of web-based technol ogy to transition from a lecture-based delivery system to an online/multimedia technology delivery system at the University of Oklahoma's School of Industrial Engineer ing. Coupling web and multimedia technology with a pyramid approach to a simulation course sequence, the goal is to provide both undergraduate and graduate stu dents with strong simulation skills in both modeling and analysis. Web-based technology is used to provide course access to non-traditional students, to re-enforce prerequi site knowledge, and to support learning statistical con cepts. The approach has been successful at (i) generating two types of graduates, the simulation modeler and the simulation analyst/consultant, (ii) increasing the reten tion of non-traditional students (industrial engineering students with full-time jobs and other engineering majors without strong statistical backgrounds), and (iii) gradu ating two non-traditional students in the School's master's degree program as based on their research in simulation analysis. However, online technologies are not without their disadvantages. While the burden has been eased on student learning and their out-of-class activities, the faculty is now tasked with an increased load of sup porting online courses and utilizing web-based technolo gies both within and outside the classroom.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Backward pion-nucleon scattering

A global analysis of the world data on differential cross sections and polarization asymmetries of backward pion-nucleon scattering for invariant collision energies above 3 GeV is performed in a Regge model. Including the $N_\alpha$, $N_\gamma$, $\Delta_\delta$ and $\Delta_\beta$ trajectories, we reproduce both angular distributions and polarization data for small values of the Mandelstam variable $u$, in contrast to previous analyses. The model amplitude is used to obtain evidence for baryon resonances with mass below 3 GeV. Our analysis suggests a $G_{39}$ resonance with a mass of 2.83 GeV as member of the $\Delta_{\beta}$ trajectory from the corresponding Chew-Frautschi plot.Comment: 12 pages, 16 figure

Marketing strategy of the hospitality industry

Budući da se gospodarstvo sve više razvija u smjeru uslužnih djelatnosti, nameće se potreba da marketing manageri, marketing stručnjaci i poduzetnici, što bolje upoznaju uslužne djelatnosti i njihovu važnost za gospodarstvo svake zemlje, pa i Hrvatske. Usluge su neopipljive, nedjeljive, nepostojane i prolazne, pa svaki oblik usluga zahtijeva marketing strategiju. Naime, gospodarska uslužna djelatnost omogućava proizvodnji da premosti prostor ili segmente tržišta između proizvodnje i potrošnje, kako bi se u određenom vremenu i prostoru učinkovito zadovoljile potrebe potrošača i ostvarili ciljevi poduzeća, uz planiranu dobit ili profit. U prošlosti, uslužne djelatnosti su znatno zaostajale za proizvodnim poduzećima u usvajanju i primjeni marketing koncepcije, no sada se to znatno mijenja. Sukladno s iznesenim, marketing strategija u uslužnim djelatnostima zahtijeva ne samo vanjski marketing, već i marketing unutar poduzeća, kako bi se motivirali djelatnici u pružanju usluga i podizanju razine kvalitete.Considering the current growth of the hospitality industry, the marketing managers, experts and entrepreneurs should become aware of the growing importance of various hospitality services for the overall industry of each country including the Republic of Croatia. The services rendered in the hospitality sphere are intangible and unsteady in nature so that each domain necessarily requires a separate marketing strategy. Namely, hospitality services render it possible for the production to span the space, i.e. the different market segments between the supply and demand and meet the consumers needs as well as to achieve the set objectives. In the past years the hospitality industry was considerably falling behind other business enterprises and organizations in the adoption and application of appropriate marketing concepts. It seems, however, that the situation has turned for the better. The hospitality services clearly demand not only an exterior marketing strategy but also a proper marketing technique inside individual establishments in order to achieve a higher level of motivation among the hospitality staff as well as a better quality of service

Tomato: a crop species amenable to improvement by cellular and molecular methods

Tomato is a crop plant with a relatively small DNA content per haploid genome and a well developed genetics. Plant regeneration from explants and protoplasts is feasable which led to the development of efficient transformation procedures. In view of the current data, the isolation of useful mutants at the cellular level probably will be of limited value in the genetic improvement of tomato. Protoplast fusion may lead to novel combinations of organelle and nuclear DNA (cybrids), whereas this technique also provides a means of introducing genetic information from alien species into tomato. Important developments have come from molecular approaches. Following the construction of an RFLP map, these RFLP markers can be used in tomato to tag quantitative traits bred in from related species. Both RFLP's and transposons are in the process of being used to clone desired genes for which no gene products are known. Cloned genes can be introduced and potentially improve specific properties of tomato especially those controlled by single genes. Recent results suggest that, in principle, phenotypic mutants can be created for cloned and characterized genes and will prove their value in further improving the cultivated tomato.

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results