Jet energy measurement and its systematic uncertainty in proton–proton collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The jet energy scale (JES) and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jets measured with the ATLAS detector using proton–proton collision data with a centre-of-mass energy of √s=7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb −1. Jets are reconstructed from energy deposits forming topological clusters of calorimeter cells using the anti-kt algorithm with distance parameters R=0.4 or R=0.6, and are calibrated using MC simulations. A residual JES correction is applied to account for differences between data and MC simulations. This correction and its systematic uncertainty are estimated using a combination of in situ techniques exploiting the transverse momentum balance between a jet and a reference object such as a photon or a Z boson, for 20≤pTjet1 TeV. The calibration of forward jets is derived from dijet pT balance measurements. The resulting uncertainty reaches its largest value of 6 % for low-pT jets at |η|=4.5. Additional JES uncertainties due to specific event topologies, such as close-by jets or selections of event samples with an enhanced content of jets originating from light quarks or gluons, are also discussed. The magnitude of these uncertainties depends on the event sample used in a given physics analysis, but typically amounts to 0.5–3 %

Measurement of the Ratio of b Quark Production Cross Sections in Antiproton-Proton Collisions at 630 GeV and 1800 GeV

We report a measurement of the ratio of the bottom quark production cross section in antiproton-proton collisions at 630 GeV to 1800 GeV using bottom quarks with transverse momenta greater than 10.75 GeV identified through their semileptonic decays and long lifetimes. The measured ratio sigma(630)/sigma(1800) = 0.171 +/- .024 +/- .012 is in good agreement with next-to-leading order (NLO) quantum chromodynamics (QCD)

Patterns of subregional cerebellar atrophy across epilepsy syndromes: An ENIGMA‐Epilepsy study

Objective: The intricate neuroanatomical structure of the cerebellum is of longstanding interest in epilepsy, but has been poorly characterized within the current corticocentric models of this disease. We quantified cross‐sectional regional cerebellar lobule volumes using structural magnetic resonance imaging in 1602 adults with epilepsy and 1022 healthy controls across 22 sites from the global ENIGMA‐Epilepsy working group. Methods: A state‐of‐the‐art deep learning‐based approach was employed that parcellates the cerebellum into 28 neuroanatomical subregions. Linear mixed models compared total and regional cerebellar volume in (1) all epilepsies, (2) temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE‐HS), (3) nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy, (4) genetic generalized epilepsy, and (5) extratemporal focal epilepsy (ETLE). Relationships were examined for cerebellar volume versus age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, phenytoin treatment, and cerebral cortical thickness. Results: Across all epilepsies, reduced total cerebellar volume was observed (d = .42). Maximum volume loss was observed in the corpus medullare (dmax = .49) and posterior lobe gray matter regions, including bilateral lobules VIIB (dmax = .47), crus I/II (dmax = .39), VIIIA (dmax = .45), and VIIIB (dmax = .40). Earlier age at seizure onset ( η ρ max 2 $$\eta {\mathit{\mathsf{\rho}}}_{\mathsf{max}}^{\mathsf{2}}$$ = .05) and longer epilepsy duration ( η ρ max 2 $$\eta {\mathit{\mathsf{\rho}}}_{\mathsf{max}}^{\mathsf{2}}$$ = .06) correlated with reduced volume in these regions. Findings were most pronounced in TLE‐HS and ETLE, with distinct neuroanatomical profiles observed in the posterior lobe. Phenytoin treatment was associated with reduced posterior lobe volume. Cerebellum volume correlated with cerebral cortical thinning more strongly in the epilepsy cohort than in controls. Significance: We provide robust evidence of deep cerebellar and posterior lobe subregional gray matter volume loss in patients with chronic epilepsy. Volume loss was maximal for posterior subregions implicated in nonmotor functions, relative to motor regions of both the anterior and posterior lobe. Associations between cerebral and cerebellar changes, and variability of neuroanatomical profiles across epilepsy syndromes argue for more precise incorporation of cerebellar subregional damage into neurobiological models of epilepsy

Measurement of the B0^0 and B+^+ meson lifetimes with fully reconstructed hadronic final states

The B0 and B+ meson lifetimes have been measured in e+e- annihilation data collected in 1999 and 2000 with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. Events are selected in which one B meson is fully reconstructed in a hadronic final state while the second B meson is reconstructed inclusively. A combined fit to the B0 and the B+ decay time difference distributions yields tau_{B0} = 1.546 +/- 0.032 (stat) +/- 0.022(syst) ps, tau_{B+} = 1.673 +/- 0.032 (stat) +/- 0.023 (syst) ps and tau_{B+} / tau_{B0} = 1.082 +/- 0.026 (stat) +/- 0.012 (syst

Propuesta de sistematización agrohidrológica en cuencas de llanura con énfasis predial y consorciado = Proposal for agro-hydrological systematization in basins plaines with emphasis predial and consortial

Existe escasa tecnología para el manejo de aguas superfi ciales en áreas de planicie extrema e inundable, aumentada por la controversia de opinión en cuanto al modo de encarar la solución de los excesos y défi cit hídricos. La Agrohidrología modular considera el importante rol que cumple el agua en el sistema de producción, manejándola mediante un conjunto de prácticas conservacionistas rurales, de ingeniería agronómica y civil destinadas a controlar los anegamientos periódicos en campos bajos o en llanuras extensas. La unidad agrohidrológica básica es el diseño de “circuitos hidrológicos” que evita la transferencia anárquica de agua a otras unidades, circuitos o sistemas hídricos, mediante un conjunto de obras estructurales de encauzamiento, conducción, retención, expansión y evacuación. Estableciendo un marco hídrico y edafológico apropiado para acumular los excedentes de agua en sectores menos productivos, protegiendo ambientes con riesgo de hidromorfi smo y halomorfi smo y su reincorporación a los esquemas agronómicos productivos.Available and technology for surface water management in such large plains is still scarce or site-specifi c. Controversy often arises about how to fi nd the best solution to manage alternated periods with water excesses and droughts in the same area. The best technical solution is “agrohydrology”, which can be considered a “conservation / interventionist” approach attempting to manage the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The concept here proposed is water management in lowlands using “hydrologic circuits” capable of temporarily storing great water volumes to retard downstream evacuation. This requires the design and engineering calculation of different earth structures for captation, conduction and temporal storage of excess water, using combined “engineering- rural” management. This solution attempts to cope the typical climatic alternation of the fl ooding Pampa region: fl oods and droughts occurring in subsequent seasons, and both related to groundwater and soil salinization processes in this region. Water management by agrohydrology can be then regarded as a fi rst step before the implementation of classical soil reclamation techniques in large plains.Instituto de Clima y AguaFil: Damiano, Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instuto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Parodi, Gabriel N. University of Twente. Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation; HolandaFil: Taboada, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instuto de Suelos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Prieto Garra, Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santiago del Estero; Argentin

Medication reviews and deprescribing as a single intervention in falls prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: our aim was to assess the effectiveness of medication review and deprescribing interventions as a single intervention in falls prevention. Methods: Design: systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO until 28 March 2022. Eligibility criteria: randomised controlled trials of older participants comparing any medication review or deprescribing intervention with usual care and reporting falls as an outcome. Study records: title/abstract and full-text screening by two reviewers. Risk of bias: Cochrane Collaboration revised tool. Data synthesis: results reported separately for different settings and sufficiently comparable studies meta-analysed. Results: forty-nine heterogeneous studies were included. Community: meta-analyses of medication reviews resulted in a risk ratio (RR) of 1.05 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.29, I2 = 0%, 3 studies(s)) for number of fallers, in an RR = 0.95 (0.70-1.27, I2 = 37%, 3 s) for number of injurious fallers and in a rate ratio (RaR) of 0.89 (0.69-1.14, I2 = 0%, 2 s) for injurious falls. Hospital: meta-analyses assessing medication reviews resulted in an RR = 0.97 (0.74-1.28, I2 = 15%, 2 s) and in an RR = 0.50 (0.07-3.50, I2 = 72% %, 2 s) for number of fallers after and during admission, respectively. Long-term care: meta-analyses investigating medication reviews or deprescribing plans resulted in an RR = 0.86 (0.72-1.02, I2 = 0%, 5 s) for number of fallers and in an RaR = 0.93 (0.64-1.35, I2 = 92%, 7 s) for number of falls. Conclusions: the heterogeneity of the interventions precluded us to estimate the exact effect of medication review and deprescribing as a single intervention. For future studies, more comparability is warranted. These interventions should not be implemented as a stand-alone strategy in falls prevention but included in multimodal strategies due to the multifactorial nature of falls. PROSPERO registration number: CRD4202021823