23 research outputs found
Zebrafish immunoglobulin IgD: Unusual exon usage and quantitative expression profiles with IgM and IgZ/T heavy chain isotypes
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/06/2011
- Field of study
The zebrafish is an emerging model for comparative immunology and biomedical research. In contrast to the five heavy chain isotype system of mice and human (IgD, IgM, IgA, IgG, IgE), zebrafish harbor gene segments for IgD, IgM, and novel heavy chain isotype called IgZ/T which appears restricted to bony fishes. The purpose of this study was to design and validate a suite of quantitative real time RT-PCR protocols to measure IgH expression in a vertebrate model which has considerable promise for modeling both pathogenic infection and chronic conditions leading to immune dysfunction. Specific primers were designed and following verification of their specificty, relative expression levels of IgD, IgM, and IgZ/T were measured in triplicate for zebrafish raised under standard laboratory conditions. During embryonic stages, low levels of each heavy chain isotype (IgH) were detected with each increasing steadily between 2 and 17 weeks post fertilization. Overall IgM > IgZ > IgD throughout zebrafish development with the copy number of IgM being several fold higher than that of IgD or IgZ/T. IgD exon usage was also characterized, as its extremely long size and presence of a stop codon in the second IgD exon in zebrafish, raised questions as to how this antibody might be expressed. Zebrafish IgD was found to be a chimeric immunoglobulin, with the third IgD exon spliced to the first IgM constant exon thereby circumventing the first and second IgD exons. Collectively, the qRT-PCR results represent the first comparative profile of IgD, IgM, IgZ/T expression over the lifespan of any fish species and the primers and assay parameters reported should prove useful in enabling researchers to rapidly quantify changes in IgH expression in zebrafish models of disease where altered IgH expression is manifested.National Institutes of Health (U.S.
Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
- Aahlin Eirik Kjus
- Aamer Ahmed
- Aaniana Kenneth
- Ababneh Ali
- Abaliksta Tomas
- Abantanga Francis
- Abbas Athar
- Abbasy Jibran
- Abbo Olivier
- Abbott Tom
- Abbouch Meryem
- Abd El-Latif Nadia Khalid
- Abd Elkhalek Esraa
- Abd-Elmawla Manar
- Abdallah Emad
- Abdel-Aty Abdulrahman
- Abdel-Hameed Noran
- Abdel-Kader Sara Mahmoud
- Abdelaal Abdelaziz
- Abdelaty Mohamed
- Abdelazeam Anan Rady
- Abdelazim Galaleldin
- Abdelaziz Mohamed A.
- Abdelbadeai Kholoud
- Abdelfatah Afnan
- Abdelhady Samar
- Abdelhamed Rasha
- Abdelhamid Amina
- Abdelhaq Aram
- Abdelkader Mostafa
- Abdelkader Omar
- Abdelkhalek Mohamed
- Abdelmageed Eman
- Abdelmotaleb Ibrahem
- Abdelraouf Ahmed Mahmoud
- Abdelrouf Doaa Maher
- Abdelshakour Mahmoud
- Abdrabou Abdulshafi Khaled
- Abdul-Latif Saiba
- Abdulaziz Hager
- Abdulaziz Mustafa
- Abdulbagi Omar
- Abdulhakeem Eman Mahmoud
- Abdullah Mohamed Abozed
- Abdullah Nik Azim Nik
- Abdullah Noha
- Abdullahi Lawal
- Abdurrazzaaq Abdussemiu
- Abem Owusu Emmanuel
- Abiola Olajide
- Aboelella Majed
- Aboelmagd Omnia
- Aboelsoud Moustafa R.
- Aboul-Naga Mariam Saad
- Abouzaid Arwa
- Abu Qumbos Amjad
- Abu-toyour Maram
- Abubakr Marwan
- Abuowda Yousef
- Abuqwaider Eman
- Abusalem Lana
- Abushamleh Soha
- Ackom Eric
- Acquah Emmanuel
- Adam Ali
- Adam Nourhan
- Adamu Ahmed
- Adawi Ihdaa
- Adawi Mohammad
- Adebanjo Ademola
- Adebola Oluwaseyi
- Adedeji Adesina
- Adel Badr Eldin
- Adel Israa
- Adella Fidelis Jacklyn
- Adelshone Abdelrahman
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji O.
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji O.
- Adenekan Babajide
- Adeniran James
- Adeniyi Adewale
- Adesanya Opeoluwa
- Adesina Alaba
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adhitama Novia
- Adil Muhammad
- Adisa Adewale O.
- Adiyaman Can
- Adu-Aryee Niiarmah
- Afana Samah
- Agalianos Christos
- Agarwal Arnav
- Agarwal Arnav
- Agbedinu Kwabena
- Aglan Amro
- Aguado Suarez Nuria
- Aguilera Maria Lorena
- Aguilera Maria Lorena
- Aguilera-Arevalo Maria-Lorena
- Ahlonsou Germain
- Ahlqvist Sandra
- Ahlqvist Sandra
- Ahmed Asdaq
- Ahmed Ataa
- Ahmed Hayam
- Ahmed Hussien
- Ahmed Lopna Ahmed Mohamed
- Ahmed Sara
- Ahmed Saraibrahim
- Ahounou Ernest Yemalin Stephane
- Ajah Jonathan
- Ajai Olalekan
- Ajao Akinlabi
- Ajiboye Anthony
- Akoto Elliot
- Akpenyi Onyinye
- Al Amin Shadid
- Al Attar Samaa Mahmoud
- Al Barraw Fayez Elian
- Al Bastawis Fatema
- Al Meligy Amgad
- Al Rafati Ahmad Abdel Razaq
- Al Raouf Eman Abd
- Al Saied Ghiath
- Al Subaie Norah
- Al-Bahrani Ahmed
- Al-Buhaisi Alaa
- Al-Dakka Emad
- Al-faqawi Maha
- Al-farram Hadeel
- Al-khatib Ahmed
- Al-Marakby Dina
- Al-saqqa Sara
- Al-Saqqa Sara W.
- Al-Slaibi Ibrahim
- Al-taher Taher
- AlaaelDein Shahinaz
- Alada Muslimat
- Alakaloko Felix
- Alaloul Enas
- Alamin Shadid
- Alamoudi Mohammed
- Albiety Adel
- Alcca Ticona Willy
- Alejos Bermudez Ysabel Esthefany
- Alexander Philip
- Alexander Philip
- Alexandre Challine
- Alghamdi Ahmed
- Alghamdi Mohammed Saleh A.
- Alhady Khaled
- Alhammali Tariq
- Alhassan Basmah
- Alhazmi Wedyan
- Alherz Mohammad
- Ali Ahmed
- Ali Citra Dewi Mohd
- Ali Elsayed
- Ali Safia
- Ali Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan
- Ali Tebian Hassanein Ahmed
- Ali Wadah
- Alihonou Thierry
- Alis Halil
- Aliyu Halima
- Aliyu Mohammad
- Aliyu Shamsudeen
- Aljboor Khaled
- Aljiffry Murad
- Alkaaki Aroub
- Alkelani Muhammad
- Allam Meran
- Allam Yomna
- Alnaby Mohamed Hassab
- Alnusairat Aseel
- Alqahtani Saleh
- Alsaggaf Mohammed Ubaid
- Alser Osaid H.
- Alshareef Reham
- Altaf Abdulmalik
- Altamimi Abdullah
- Altamimi Afnan
- Altamini Afnan
- Altarayra Marwa
- Altibi Ahmed
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altwijri Abdulaziz
- Alvi Abdul Rehman
- Aly Mohammed Yahia Mohamed
- Alyacoubi Said
- Alyahya Reem
- Alzahrani Ahmed
- Aman Nowrin F.
- Amandito Radhian
- Amandito Radhian
- Ambrona-Zafra David
- Amin Hager Abdul Aziz
- Amjad Mohammadasim
- Amoah Michael
- Amoako Joachim
- Amoako Philip Taah
- Amoako-Boateng Mabel
- Amole Isaac
- Amreia Mahmoud
- Anderson Frank
- Andika Ferry Fitriya Ayu
- Andreotti Dario
- Andress Cedar
- Andriola Valeria
- Ang Yun Lin
- Angelieri Daniele
- Anis Echaieb
- Ansaloni Luca
- Ansaloni Luca
- Ansaloni Luca
- Antezana Diego
- Anthoulakis Christos
- Antoniozzi Angelo
- Anwar Nourhan
- Anyanwu Lofty-John
- Aonzo Paolo
- Appeadu-Mensah William
- Appiah Eric Kofi
- Aquilino Fabrizio
- Arafa Omar
- Arafa Sara
- Arango Maria Clara Mendoza
- Arcudi Claudio
- Armellini Andrea
- Arnaud Alexis
- Arnaud Alexis Pierre
- Arshad Mohammad Mohsin
- Arslan Ekin
- Arsyad Hasbi Maulana
- Arthur Tom
- Aruldas Neerav
- Asar Yomna Hosny
- Asare-Bediako Kwasi
- Ashour Ahmad
- Ashour Ahmad
- Ashour Khlood
- Ashtari Morvarid
- Asi Fatema
- Asilah Siti Mohd Desa
- Assal Abdelrahman
- Asturias Sabrina
- Asumah Hamza
- Ata Ahmed
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- Atiyeh Anwar
- Atkins Ebenezer Takyi
- Attia Attia
- Augestad Knut Magne
- Aviles Susan
- Avoka Anthony
- Awad Israa
- Awad Sawsan Adel
- Awadallah Salwa
- Ayandipo Omobolaji
- Aydin Mehmet Can
- Aziz Dayang Nita Abdul
- Aziz Mohamed Rezal Abdul
- Aziz Nora Abdul
- Azizeldine Mohammed G.
- Azzie Georges
- Azzis Olivier
- Baba Suleiman
- Bachri Houda
- Badawy Mahmoud
- Badenjki Mohamed Adel
- Badicel Maria
- Badr Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous
- Badwi Nermin Mohamed
- Bahar Suraya
- Baillie Katie
- Baki Bahadir Emre
- Bakr Ahmad
- Bakry Hesham Mohammed
- Bala Miklosh
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- Balmaceda Ruben
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- Bamicha Athanasia
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- Barkolias Christos
- Barmayehvar Behrad
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- Barrios Emmanuel
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- Bustangi Nasir
- Butt Muhammad Talha
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- Camilleri-Brennan Julian
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- Cengiz Yucel
- Cevik Muazzez
- Chabok Abbas
- Chai Chu-Ann
- Chai Feng Yih
- Chan Luke
- Chan Tsz-Yan Katie
- Chan Xue Wei
- Charles Angeline
- Cheah Alvin Ee Zhiun
- Chen Kar Yan
- Chen Tzu-Ling
- Cheong Yih Jeng
- Chetta Nicola
- Cheung Yuk Hong Eric
- Chibuye Chali
- Chiesa Deborah
- Chilton Gareth
- Chin Pui Xin
- Chin Ye Ru
- Chiu Seehui
- Choi Philip
- Chong Choon Seng
- Chong Hoong-Yin
- Choudhry Asad
- Chow Crystal Yern Nee
- Chowdhury Debkumar
- Chu Kathryn
- Chung Kuet Jun
- Chungui Bravo Jorge Armando
- Ciccioli Eleonora
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- Claire Raquillet
- Clarissa Audrey
- Clegg-Lampety Joe-Nat
- Clegg-Lamptey Joe-Nat
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- Coccolini Federico
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- Cole Simon
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- Conci Simone
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- Conlon Kevin C.
- Connor Katie
- Contreras Elisa
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- Corbellino Mario
- Cornick Jen
- Coronel Jazmin
- Corral Moreno Sara
- Correa Juan Camilo
- Corro-Diaz Samantha
- Costa Cecilia
- Costa-Maia Jose
- Costas-Chavarri Ainhoa
- Courboin Etienne
- Cox Daniel
- Cox Michael
- Coyoy-Gaitan Otto
- Craus-Miguel Andrea
- Cullen Fraser
- Curletti Gianluca
- Currow Chelise
- D'Amours Scott
- D'Souza Michelle S.
- Dabboor Majd
- Dabbour Kareem
- Dagoe Enoch
- Dahy Ahmed
- Dainius Edvinas
- Dakubo Jonathan
- Dalli Jeffrey
- Dally Charles
- Dambrauskas Zilvinas
- Daniyan Muhammad
- Danys Donatas
- Dao Weihei
- Dar Wasim
- Dardenne Sabrina
- Darwish Abdelrhman K. Z.
- Dasari Mohini
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- Dassah Victor
- Datta Uttaran
- Davies Rachel
- Davor Anthony
- Dawood Khaled
- Dayie Makafui
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- De Franciscis Silvia
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- Deal Rebecca
- Deane Chelsea
- Debrah Sam
- Dedekind Britta
- Dedey Florence
- Del Basso Celeste
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- Dijan Emilio
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- Din Farhat
- Dindyal Shiva
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- Dissanayake Tharindra
- Djivoh Fernande
- Domini Edgar
- Donnelly Philippa
- Dorani Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin
- Dorisme Asnel
- Dossou Francis
- Dousset Bertrand
- Dragatas Deividas
- Drake Thomas M.
- Drake Thomas M.
- Drungilas Mantas
- du Plooy Flip
- Du Toit Frederick
- Duane Therese
- Duinhouwer Lucia
- Dulskas Audrius
- Ebidy Mai
- Ebidy Mai Mohamed
- Eid Mostafa Mahmoud
- El Dahab Ali Abo
- El Gendy Noran Halim
- El Halawany Mohamed
- El Jamassi Alaa
- El Kashash Ahmed
- El Sayed Islam Magdy
- El-Dien Khalid Salah
- El-Din Reham Alaa
- El-Din Shahinaz Alaa
- El-Gizawy Esraa
- El-Sagheer Nada
- El-Sawy Aya
- El-Sehily Ahmed
- El-Taher Esraa
- Elashry Rehab
- Elazab Alaa
- Elbanby Esraa Samir
- Elbe Peter
- Elbisomy Khaled Hesham
- Eldafrawy Mahmoud
- Eldeeb Ahmed Zaki
- Eldeen Esraa Alm
- Eldin Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa
- Elebute Olumide
- Elfarargy Arwa
- Elfeki Hossam
- Elfiky Mahmoud
- Elfouly Nesma
- Elfouly Yasmin
- Elgendy Alyaa Halim
- Elgheriany Mohammed
- Elhadad Alaa
- Elhadary Nourhan Medhat
- Elhadry Shady
- Elhalawany Esraa
- Elhamouly Sara
- Elhelbawy Mohamed Salah
- Elhendawy Abdelaziz
- Elhoseny Ghada
- Elhusseiny Ahmed Abd Elmoen
- Elkholy Shimaa Said
- Ellison Quinn
- Elmashala Amjad
- Elmasry Maha
- Elmihy Sohaila
- Elnagar Ahmedglal
- Elnajjar Mahmoud A.
- Elrazek Aly Abd
- Elsabbagh Nourhan
- Elsameea Ahmed Abd
- Elsawy Amira
- Elsayed Nada Ahmed Reda
- Elsemelawy Rofida
- Elshaar Mohammed
- Elshaer Mohamed
- Elshami Mohamedraed
- Elsharkawy Aya Adel
- Elsherbiney Saged
- Elsherif Fawzia Abdellatif
- Elwy Eman
- Elzahed Nada
- Emadeldin Hossam
- Emara Eman
- Emile Sameh
- Eng Calvin
- English William
- Esam Abeer
- Escalante Salas Marilia Del Carmen
- Espin-Basany Eloy
- Espinoza Fernando
- Essam A. A.
- Essam Ahmed
- Essam Mahitab
- Essoun Samuel
- Esteban Enrique
- Estee Mahnuma Mahfuz
- Etchill Eric
- Etienne Sara
- Etwire Victor
- Evajelista Cicilia Viany
- Evans David
- Evans Elizabeth
- Ezzat Eslam
- Ezzat Tarek
- Faboya Omolara
- Fahim Marwan
- Fairfield Cameron
- Falaschi Federica
- Falco Nicolo
- Falzon Malcolm
- Farag Ahmed
- Farag Sameh
- Farahat Mahitab Morsy
- Fares Mohamed
- Farhan-Alanie Muhamed M. H.
- Farhangmehr Neda
- Farouk Sara Amr Mohamed
- Farrugia Alexia
- Farrugia Alexia
- Faruq Amreen
- Fathy Aya Mohamed
- Fatuga Adedeji
- Faturoti Olubukola
- Favero Alessandro
- Feidantsis Thomas
- Fergany Alaa
- Fergusson Stuart J.
- Fergusson Stuart J.
- Fermani Claudio Gabriel
- Fernandes Cristina
- Fernandez Carmen
- Fernandez-Vega Laura
- Ferousis Christoforos
- Ferrero Esther
- Filatau Aliaksandr
- Firdouse Mohammed
- Firdouse Mohammed
- Firwana Aya
- Fitsum Agazi
- Fitzgerald J. Edward
- Fitzgerald J. Edward
- Florez Farfan Erick Samuel
- Foco Maurizio
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- Foo Chi Chung
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- Gaarder Tina
- Gad Ahmed
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- Gala Tanzeela
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- Hamsho Ward
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- Hany Ethar
- Haque Muhtarima
- Har Prisca A. L.
- Haraux Elodie
- Harrison Ewen M.
- Harrison Ewen M.
- Harrison Ewen M.
- Hartford Leila
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- Hasan Ahmad
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- Hassan Ihab
- Hassan Osama Mokhtar Mohamed
- Hassanain Mazen
- Hassanein Adel B.
- Heard Rachel
- Hegazy Eman Magdy
- Helene Francois-Coridon
- Helguero-Santin Luis M.
- Hemmila Mark
- Heng Hian Ee
- Henric Nicolas
- Henry Fitjerald
- Henshall David Ewart
- Herebat Azher
- Herikstad Ragnar
- Herrera Cruz Danilo
- Herrera Matta Juan Jaime
- Herrod Philip
- Hervieux Erik
- Hesham Omar
- Hilal Karim
- Hjertberg Maria
- Hmila Sophian
- Ho Adrienne
- Hodonou Fred
- Holte Silje
- Homeida Anmar
- Hossameldin Amr
- Hrora Abdelmalek
- Hunter Kristina
- Husseiny Reem
- Iacono Calogero
- Iannone Immacolata
- Ibraheem Aya AbdelFatah
- Ibrahem Ahmad Aboelkassem
- Ibrahim Ahmed Mohamed
- Ibrahim Amal
- Ibrahim Arij
- Ibrahim Arwa
- Ibrahim Eman
- Ibrahim Eman Mohamed
- Ibrahim Khaled
- Ibrahim Mohamed
- Idress Tasneem
- Idris Faisal
- Iftekhar Farhana
- Iftikhar Zainab
- Ignatavicius Povilas
- Ihediwa George
- Imoro Osman
- Ingabire J. C. Allen
- Ingabire J. C. Allen
- Ioannidis Orestis
- Iqbal Muhammad Rafaih
- Ireland Philip
- Irtan Sabine
- Irwin Gareth
- Irwin Gareth
- Ishak Norzawani
- Iskandar Ferdy
- Isler Vedatcan
- Ismail Ahmed
- Ismail Lawani
- Ismail Lawani
- Ismail Lawani
- Ismail Lawani
- Ismail Mohamed
- Ismail Mohammed Kamal
- Ismail Samar Adel
- Israelsson Leif
- Ivros Nikolaos
- Iyer Dush
- Iyer Dushyant
- Jabal Mohamed Sobhi
- Jaber Sahar
- Jaffry Zahra
- Jaich Robert
- Jama Guled M.
- Jamal Luai
- Janardha K. C.
- Janik Michal
- Jankus Tomas
- Jaradat Dana
- Jasaitis Kristijonas
- Javaid Mahnoor
- Jayathilake A. B.
- Jean-Francois Colombani
- Jeffery Anna
- Jeffery Anna
- Jennings Vicky
- Jensen Elisabeth
- Jeo Wifanto Saditya
- Jeon Hyunjin
- Jeremic Ljiljana
- Jethwani Durvesh Lacthman
- Jeyakumar Jenifa
- Jimenez Carneros Virginia
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- Zeta Solis Ludwing Alexander
- Zielinski Martin
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zilinskiene Reda
- Ziubryte Greta
- Zohair Ahmed
- Zuber Markus
- Zuk Grzegorz
- Zulkifli Athirah
- Zumbuhl Lucius
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/06/2003
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
- Author
- Aahlin EK
- Aamer A
- Aaniana K
- Ababneh A
- Abaliksta T
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- Abbasy J
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- Abd El Hameed OS
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- Abd-Elmawla M
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- Elfil M
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- Elfouly Y
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- Elhadry S
- Elhalawany E
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- Elhelbawy MS
- Elhendawy A
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- Elhusseiny AAE
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- Elkady F
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- Elkhadrawi M
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- Elsemelawy R
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- Elsherbiny AS
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- Elsorogy DEAA
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- Elzahed N
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- Elzowawi F
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- Eng C
- English W
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- Espin-Basany E
- Espinoza F
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- Mousa M
- Moussa O
- Moustafa A
- Mouttalib S
- Mowafy B
- Mphatsoe AM
- Mshelbwala P
- Msiska N
- Msosa V
- Msosa V
- Muddebihal U
- Mukin ADF
- Muktar U
- Mukuzunga C
- Muller C
- Muller C
- Muller J
- Munera A
- Munhoz MM
- Munipalle PC
- Muntean L
- Muntean LI
- Muralha N
- Murphy J
- Murray A
- Murutoglu B
- Musa AEK
- Musleh A
- Musowoya J
- Mussad A
- Mustafa M
- Mustafa M
- Mustafa M-A
- Musyoka CK
- Mutabazi A
- Mutabazi AZ
- Mutabazi AZ
- Mutlu D
- Mutlu V
- Muzio E
- Myers J
- Mykoniatis I
- Nabawi A
- Nada F
- Nadeem N
- Nadkarni S
- Naess PA
- Nagy GS
- Nahar SN
- Nair H
- Najjar M
- Nanthakumaran S
- Napolitano L
- Napolitano L
- Naqvi SA
- Naqvi T
- Naranjo Aristizaibal FA
- Narayanan R
- Narayanan R
- Narvestad JK
- Nashaat A
- Nashat M
- Nasher O
- Nashidengo P
- Nasir A
- Nasir AA
- Nasir WNWM
- Nasr A
- Nasr M
- Nasr M
- Nassif D
- Nastri G
- Natalie H
- Nataraja R
- Natili A
- Navarro A
- Nawara C
- Nawawi A
- Nawawi A
- Nayel AR
- Nazir M
- Ndajiwo A
- Ndajiwo A
- Ndegwa W
- Ndlovu SR
- Ndwambi P
- Negida A
- Negoi I
- Nel D
- Nemeth K
- Neo YN
- Neo YT
- Neophytou C
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nesaratnam A
- Nessa A
- Nestorovic M
- Nevieraite V
- Newton T
- Ng JCK
- Ng S
- Ng YK
- Ng ZH
- Ngayu N
- Ngwa TE
- Niazi AK
- Nicholson L
- Nighat B
- Nigo S
- Nikberg M
- Nikoloudis N
- Nikoloudis N
- Niragire A
- Niranjan N
- Nirumal MK
- Niska K
- Nita GE
- Nita GE
- Niyirera E
- Njokanma I
- Nnajiuba H
- Nocito A
- Nocito A
- Nofal E
- Noor F
- Normile C
- Normile C
- North AS
- Notarnicola M
- Notarnicola M
- Nouh T
- Nouh T
- Noukpozounkou B
- Novak A
- Nowers J
- Nsengimana VJP
- Nsengiyumva C
- Ntirenganya F
- Ntirenganya F
- Nurqistan HD
- Nwabuoku E
- Nwinee V
- Nwokoro C
- Nyberg J
- Nymo L
- O'Connor DB
- O'Connor T
- O'Higgins Roche M
- O'neill M
- O'neill S
- O'Neill S
- O'Shea M
- Obute RD
- Occhionorelli S
- Odeyemi B
- Odeyemi B
- Odutola O
- Ofner D
- Ogunsua O
- Ogunyemi A
- Oh J
- Oh J
- Ohene-Yeboah M
- Okenabirhie O
- Olajide TO
- Olaolorun A
- Olivier J
- Olori S
- Olori S
- Oludara M
- Oludara M
- Olugbemi M
- Omar AA
- Omar ME
- Omar MFW
- Omara S
- Omer OA
- Onimowo J
- Onuoha C
- Oosterkamp A
- Opoku-Agyeman R
- Oram S
- Orchard M
- Ortega I
- Ortega I
- Ortega-Vazquez I
- Ortiz N
- Orton P
- Osagie O
- Osei-Nketiah S
- Oshati O
- Oshodi O
- Osinowo A
- Osinowo A
- Osman M
- Osman N
- Osman O
- Osuoji R
- Osuoji R
- Oswald D
- Otero-Diez JL
- Othman M
- Ots R
- Ots R
- Otten K
- Oumer R
- Owen C
- Owusu F
- Owusu F
- Ozben V
- Ozkan BB
- Ozkan BB
- Ozkan BB
- Ozmen BB
- Pabla G
- Padmore G
- Paez Lopez LI
- Pagano G
- Pagnozzi J
- Pagnozzi J
- Pahlsson H-I
- Pai S
- Palayan K
- Palkhi EYA
- Palliyil M
- Palliyil MM
- Palma A
- Palma AF
- Palomino Castillo VD
- Paludi MA
- Paludi MA
- Panait N
- Panieri E
- Panteli C
- Papageorgiou D
- Papailia A
- Papandrea M
- Papaskarlatos I-A
- Pape J
- Parakh J
- Parakh J
- Paramasivan A
- Parasyris S
- Pardo G
- Paredes Decoud H
- Parent V
- Park EHG
- Park J
- Parker J
- Parker R
- Parkinson L
- Parmentier B
- Parpoudi S
- Parseliunas A
- Parthiban S
- Pascale G
- Pascale MM
- Pasini M
- Pasquali S
- Pastora J
- Pata D
- Pata D
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata G
- Pata G
- Patel K
- Patel K
- Patel P
- Patel P
- Patel S
- Patel V
- Paterson-Brown S
- Patoulias I
- Paul M
- Paul S
- Paulouski D
- Pazuskis M
- Peck FS
- Pektas AM
- Pellino G
- Peltrini R
- Pena L
- Pereira B
- Perenyei M
- Perera J
- Perera J
- Perez Rojas AD
- Perez Velasquez CI
- Periasammy D
- Perino M
- Peros G
- Perrotta G
- Pertersen Servin GR
- Pesenti G
- Petrikenas S
- Peycelon M
- Peycelon M
- Pezas T
- Pezas T
- Pezelj N
- Phillips N
- Picardo A
- Picciariello A
- Pimenta ML
- Pineno-Flores C
- Pinkney T
- Pinkney T
- Pinnagoda K
- Pino W
- Pitt SK
- Ploski J
- Pluke K
- Podevin G
- Podevin G
- Poh K-S
- Popa M
- Popoola A
- Popoola A
- Porter J
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Post N
- Powell A
- Prabhudesai A
- Pranevicius R
- Prasad SS
- Preckailaite E
- Primavesi F
- Prins M
- Proctor VK
- Pronin S
- Prudhomme T
- Psaila J
- Psarianos K
- Psarianos K
- Pugliesi TB
- Pujol-Cano N
- Punja V
- Purwaningsih NA
- Puttick M
- Puttick M
- Puyana J
- Puyana JC
- Qadir MRM
- Qaissieh A
- Qawasmi I
- Qenawy M
- Quayle J
- Quek R
- Quintero Riaza VM
- Qureshi AU
- Qureshi AU
- Qureshi AU
- Qureshi M
- Qurie K
- Rabie M
- Rackauskas R
- Rackauskas R
- Radic M
- Radkowiak D
- Radojkovic M
- Rahantasoa FCFP
- Rahmah DF
- Rahmawati FN
- Rajan R
- Rajan R
- Rajjoub Y
- Rajmohan S
- Rakauskas R
- Rakha I
- Rakita I
- Ramadan MT
- Ramarez Cabrera CC
- Ramazzini P
- Ramcharn M
- Ramos Perez V
- Ramos-De la Medina A
- Ramos-De la Medina A
- Ramos-De la Medina A
- Ramos-De La Medina A
- Ramzi S
- Rangarajan M
- Raptis D
- Raptis DA
- Raptis DA
- Raptis DA
- Rasendran A
- Rasendran A
- Rashad E
- Rashad M
- Rashed AM
- Rashid A
- Rashid M
- Rashwan H
- Raslan A
- Raslan C
- Rasndran A
- Rasoaherinomenjanahary F
- Rath M
- Rausa E
- Ravishankar R
- Ray S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Raza A
- Raza A
- Raza I
- Raza I
- Razek T
- Razi SAU
- Razmdjou S
- Razuri C
- Razzaque J
- Reali C
- Recinos G
- Recinos G
- Recinos G
- Recinos G
- Reda A
- Reda A
- Reddy Y
- Redgrave N
- Redota MAP
- Reece-Smith A
- Rees CM
- Refaat A
- Regalado F
- Reinisch K
- Reinisch KB
- Reinsoo A
- Rekhis S
- Renaux-Petel M
- Restrepo IM
- Restrepo J
- Reunis E
- Reza L
- Reza L
- Rezq A
- Riauka R
- Riauka R
- Riaz A
- Riaz MM
- Ribaldi S
- Richards J
- Richardson L
- Rickard J
- Rida AHEF
- Riente F
- Rinaldi A
- Ringressi MN
- Ripa M
- Riswan NZ
- Rivas R
- Rob Z
- Robert E
- Robertson AGN
- Robertson N
- Robledo-Rabanal A
- Rocke A
- Rod J
- Rod J
- Rodicio J
- Rodriguez Castro M
- Rodriguez L
- Rodriguez STT
- Rodriguez X
- Rodriguez-Uria R
- Roman Velasquez AJ
- Romani Pozo DA
- Romani D
- Romani D
- Rommaneh M
- Roncali S
- Roodt L
- Rooney H
- Rosales J
- Rosas Moran AE
- Rosello O
- Rosenberg GS
- Roslani AC
- Roslani AC
- Roslani AC
- Rossi D
- Roszkowski R
- Roth J
- Rotundo A
- Rotunno G
- Rouse T
- Roy C
- Roy S
- Roy S
- Royson H
- Royson H
- Rslan A
- Rubinkiewicz M
- Rudzenskaite A
- Ruiz Panez W
- Ruiz-Tovar J
- Rulie AS
- Runigamugabo E
- Russo AA
- Rutkowski W
- Ruzzenente A
- Saad AG
- Saad H
- Saad HA
- Saad M
- Saad MM
- Saad R
- Saad S
- Saadeh R
- Saami M
- Saar S
- Sabe A
- Sabe AK
- Sabeeh L
- Sabour FA
- Sabry A
- Sacco M
- Sacco R
- Sadek A
- Sadig N
- Saeed AM
- Saeed H
- Saeed M
- Saeed M
- Saeed M
- Safa H
- Sahbaz NA
- Sahel S
- Saidbadr A
- Sakr A
- Sakr A
- Sakr R
- Salah A
- Salah M
- Salah M
- Salah O
- Salah OM
- Salama M
- Salama M
- Salama Y
- Salama Y
- Salamone G
- Salcedo J
- Sale D
- Saleh AA
- Saleh O
- Salem HK
- Salem HK
- Salem HK
- Salem M
- Salem MM
- Sallam AE
- Salleh A
- Salleh A
- Sallinen V
- Sallinen V
- Salma M
- Salma M
- Salma U
- Salman A
- Salusso P
- Sam ZH
- Samalavicius NE
- Samaraweera DI
- Samih H
- Samir A
- Samison LH
- Sammarco G
- Sammut K
- Sampson C
- Samson G
- Samuel D
- Samuel SA
- Samy M
- Samy M
- Samy S
- Sanad A
- Sanchez Samaniego C
- Sanchez B
- Sanchez D
- Sander A
- Sandler S
- Sandoval Barrantes AM
- Sanni HA
- Sanz S
- Sapci I
- Saqlain M
- Sarafilovic H
- Saraste D
- Saravia F
- Sarmah P
- Sarsik S
- Sarwary S
- Sasia D
- Satoskar R
- Satoskar S
- Sauvat F
- Sava J
- Saw JE
- Sayed A
- Sayed F
- Sayed M
- Sayma EA
- Scalabre A
- Scalabre A
- Schadde E
- Schadde E
- Schiavone R
- Schivo D
- Schmid R
- Schmid R
- Schmitt F
- Schmitt F
- Schoewe C
- Schuetz T
- Schultz JK
- Scicluna R
- Scott M
- Segovia Lohse HA
- Segovia Lohse HA
- Seif M
- Seifelnasr O
- Seisa M
- Seisay S
- Selvaggi F
- Selvaggi L
- Semeda N
- Semiz A
- Sena-Ruiz F
- Senanayake KJ
- Senanayake WSMKJ
- Setiawan J
- Seto DM
- Seyoum N
- Sfougaris D
- Sgroi G
- Shaalan M
- Shabkah A
- Shachykava T
- Shah A
- Shah J
- Shah R
- Shaharuddin S
- Shahbaz AR
- Shaheen A
- Shahine A
- Shahzad N
- Shaikh N
- Shaikh S
- Shaker H
- Shaker R
- Shaker R
- Shakshouk HAG
- Shalabi A
- Shalaby A
- Shalaby M
- Shalaby M
- Shalhoub J
- Shamasneh A
- Shamsedine AW
- Shamsi G
- Shamsi GS
- Shariffuddin AM
- Sharma A
- Sharpin C
- Shatkar V
- Shatkar V
- Shaw CA
- Shaw CA
- Shawki M
- Shawki M
- Shawky MY
- Shawqi M
- Sheehan J
- Shehata S
- Sherif MA
- Sherman T
- Sheshe A
- Sheshe A
- Sheta A
- Sheth S
- Shibao Miyasato H
- Shillito S
- Shimy G
- Shiwani H
- Shiwani HA
- Sholadoye T
- Shrimanker N
- Shu Yip SB
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shubianok M
- Shukla J
- Shwky A
- Siaw JY
- Sieda B
- Sierra S
- Sierra S
- Sierra S
- Siguantay M
- Sigurdadottir J
- Sii SSY
- Sileri P
- Silvani P
- Silvestre BP
- Silvestri V
- Simioni A
- Simoes RL
- Simutis G
- Singh P
- Singh S
- Sinha S
- Sinha Y
- Sion M
- Sishuba N
- Sivaganesh S
- Skardziukaite A
- Skehan J
- Skelly B
- Skerritt C
- Slade R
- Slapelyte E
- Sleem AS
- Sleem M
- Smart N
- Smart N
- Smart N
- Smart NJ
- Smedley A
- Smith C
- Smith C
- Smith D
- Snaith AC
- Snyder E
- Soares Miguel GP
- Sobnach S
- Sodde P
- Soeselo DA
- Sokratous A
- Solaini L
- Solar Garcia L
- Solar Garcia L
- Soldevila-Verdeguer C
- Soley R
- Soley R
- Soliman A
- Soliman A
- Soliman AR
- Soliman N
- Soliman NA
- Soliman S
- Soliman Y
- Sollazzo V
- Soltani N
- Som R
- Song J
- Song J
- Soon WC
- Soon WC
- Soreide JA
- Soreide K
- Soreide K
- Soreide K
- Soreide K
- Souaibou YI
- Souaibou YI
- Soulou V
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spina A
- Sproule L
- Spurr M
- Sreedharan A
- Srinivasan R
- Sriram A
- Sroor F
- Sruogiene EZ
- Staerkle RF
- Starr N
- Stasinou T
- Steccanella F
- Stefanopoulos A
- Stephen A
- Stewart D
- Stock S
- Stock S
- Stoddart M
- Stoddart M
- Stoddart M
- Stourton F
- Strazdas A
- Strupas K
- Strupas K
- Strupas K
- Stuva J
- Styles K
- Suarez A
- Suarez AAB
- Subocius A
- Suleiman SI
- Summerour V
- Sund M
- Sund M
- Sunderland G
- Sundstrom SM
- Suresh S
- Sutandi N
- Sutanto EPR
- Sutton P
- Sutton P
- Suyadi A
- Swann J
- Swaroop M
- Swaroop M
- Syibrah KZ
- Sykes M
- Szczap A
- Szeto CCL
- Szeto KJ-Y
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tackie E
- Taddei A
- Tade A
- Tafazal H
- Taha EMS
- Tahboub H
- Taher AA
- Taher M
- Taher MM
- Taieb C
- Taiwo A
- Taiwo O
- Taiwo O
- Talaat M
- Tale F
- Tale L
- Talukder S
- Talukder S
- Talving P
- Talving P
- Tammam A
- Tan C
- Tan CL
- Tan CY
- Tan JJ
- Tan JK
- Tan KSK
- Tan RCK
- Tan YK
- Tan YW
- Tanase A
- Tanase A
- Tang A
- Tang L
- Tani SI
- Tansoker I
- Tarek A
- Tarek A
- Tarek D
- Targa S
- Tariq S
- Tata MD
- Tatagiba LS
- Tawfik BA
- Tawfik G
- Tawfik G
- Taylor F
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Tedeschi U
- Tedjaatmadja C
- Telfah MM
- Tembo T
- Temoche E
- Tennakoon A
- Teo SY
- Ter EZ
- Tessera G
- Teufelberger G
- Tew YY
- Tew YY
- Tewari S
- Th'ng F
- Thabet W
- Thalgaspitiya SPB
- Tham JC
- Thanusan V
- Tharmalingam S
- Theodosopoulos T
- Thollot A
- Thomas E
- Thomas HS
- Thompson B
- Thomson P
- Thorarinsdottir H
- Thorarinsdottir H
- Thorell A
- Thorell A
- Thorsen K
- Thurairaja R
- Tierney G
- Tilston TW
- Timothy OK
- Ting JRS
- To K
- To K
- Todd KO
- Toeema AG
- Tolba H
- Tolg C
- Tolonen M
- Tolotra TEC
- Tomas K
- Tori SA
- Toribio Orbegozo PA
- Torrance HD
- Torrance HD
- Torres Cardozo J
- Toto OF
- Tou S
- Townsend D
- Tracy J
- Trompetto M
- Tselos A
- Tshisola SK
- Tugnoli G
- Tugnoli G
- Tun AK
- Tun M
- Tun M
- Turati L
- Turati L
- Turkustani S
- Turner M
- Turpo Espinoza K
- Turpo Espinoza K
- Tutino R
- Tverskis Z
- Tyler R
- Tyler R
- Tze RGE
- Tze RGE
- Tzikos G
- Ubhi HK
- Ubiali P
- Ugalde P
- Ukwenya Y
- Ulusahin M
- Upadhyaya V
- Upchurch E
- Urbanavicius L
- Urbina Rojas NM
- Urbonas T
- Urbonas T
- Urniezius Z
- Urniezius Z
- Usaityte A
- Uscinas L
- Utter M
- Uzabumwana N
- Vaicius A
- Valcarcel-Saldana M
- Valente Laufer LA
- Valioulis I
- Van Der Naald N
- Van Duren B
- Van Niekerk M
- Van Straten S
- Varcada M
- Vargas M
- Varkalys K
- Vartanoglu T
- Vartic M
- Vartic M
- Vasquez G
- Vasquez I
- Veen T
- Velasquez R
- Vella-Baldacchino M
- Venclauskas L
- Vendramin E
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venugopal C
- Verbeek A
- Vergara Celis JM
- Vergara Mejia AG
- Verjee A
- Vermaas M
- Veronese E
- Vianna JGP
- Vicario E
- Vicenta Collado M
- Vida LC
- Vida LC
- Vilcinskas M
- Villa R
- Villalobos S
- Vimalachandran D
- Vincent J
- Violi P
- Visinskas P
- Vivekanantham S
- Vlachogiorgos A
- Voulgaris E
- Wael N
- Wagener M
- Wakefield R
- Waledziak M
- Waleed H
- Walker M
- Walker N
- Walls L
- Walsh M
- Walsh U
- Waqar M
- Ward AE
- Ward S
- Warda M
- Warren O
- Warren O
- Warwick AM
- Waterman A
- Watson NF
- Watson NF
- Watts A
- Weber B
- Weber P
- Weber P
- Weinstein MS
- Weiser TG
- Werder G
- Wheeler J
- Whewell H
- Whitaker J
- White R
- White T
- Whitehurst K
- Wiborg J
- Widiastini TA
- Widmer LW
- Wijayarathna LS
- Wild JRL
- Williams E
- Williams G
- Williams O
- Williams O
- Williamson A
- Wilson A
- Wilson L
- Wilson M
- Wilson M
- Wilson MSJ
- Wilson MSJ
- Wimalge PMSN
- Winstanley J
- Witherspoon P
- Wogensen F
- Wogensen F
- Wogensen F
- Woin E
- Wold TB
- Wolf B
- Wolf B
- Wondimu S
- Wondoh P
- Wondoh P
- Wong CS
- Wong CY
- Wong F
- Wong HY
- Wood G
- Woodward H
- Worku M
- Worku M
- Worku T
- Wredberg C
- Wright N
- Wright NJ
- Xerri T
- Xerri T
- Yahaya MT
- Yakubu M
- Yallop L
- Yam SY
- Yang J
- Yap S
- Yaseen T
- Yaseen TM
- Yau JD
- Yavuz MA
- Ye J
- Yeang LJ
- Yee J
- Yeo LS
- Yeung ENW
- Yeung MHA
- Yifieyeh A
- Yildirim R
- Yip C
- Ymeri S
- Yoganathan P
- Yolcu S
- Yong CO
- Yong GL
- Younis A
- Youssef D
- Youssef H
- Youssef M
- Youssif JH
- Yuksek MA
- Yusufali T
- Zaa'treh R
- Zachariades D-C
- Zadoroznas A
- Zahran D
- Zakaria E
- Zakaria M
- Zakaria Y
- Zaki A
- Zakir M
- Zalabia MF
- Zamarin K
- Zammit S
- Zampitis N
- Zani A
- Zani A
- Zani A
- Zanini N
- Zanini N
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata F
- Zarb C
- Zardab A
- Zegarra S
- Zeidan S
- Zelada Alvarez II
- Zerihun AB
- Zeta Solis LA
- Zhang Z
- Zheng F
- Zidan H
- Zidan H
- Zidan M
- Zielinski M
- Ziff O
- Zikry M
- Zil-E-Ali A
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskiene R
- Zilinskiene R
- Zimmermann EF
- Ziubryte G
- Zohair A
- Zorrilla CD
- Zuber M
- Zuber M
- Zuk G
- Zulkifli A
- Zumbuhl L
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 15/10/2018
- Field of study
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe
Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
- Aali Amirali
- Abate Yohannes Habtegiorgis
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd ElHafeez Samar
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdollahi Arash
- Abdullahi Auwal
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abeldaño Zuñiga Roberto Ariel
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abreu Lucas Guimarães
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen ME
- Abualruz Hasan
- Ackerman Ilana N
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Addolorato Giovanni
- Adebiyi Akindele Olupelumi
- Adepoju Abiola Victor
- Adewuyi Habeeb Omoponle
- Afyouni Shadi
- Afzal Saira
- Afzal Sina
- Agodi Antonella
- Ahmad Aqeel
- Ahmad Danish
- Ahmad Firdos
- Ahmad Shahzaib
- Ahmed Ali
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Ajami Marjan
- Akinosoglou Karolina
- Akkaif Mohammed Ahmed
- Al Hasan Syed Mahfuz
- Al-Aly Ziyad
- Al-Gheethi Adel Ali Saeed
- Al-Marwani Sabah
- Al-Omari Basem
- Al-Wardat Mohammad Sami
- Al-Worafi Yaser Mohammed
- Alalalmeh Samer O
- Albashtawy Mohammed
- Aldridge Robert W
- Alemu Meseret Desalegn
- Alemu Yihun Mulugeta
- Alene Kefyalew Addis
- Alharrasi Maryam
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Ali Mohammed Usman
- Ali Rafat
- Ali Syed Shujait Shujait
- Alif Sheikh Mohammad
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Almazan Joseph Uy
- Alomari Mahmoud A
- Altaany Zaid
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J
- Alwafi Hassan
- Aly Safwat
- Alzoubi Karem H
- Amare Azmeraw T
- Amegbor Prince M
- Ameyaw Edward Kwabena
- Amin Tarek Tawfik
- Amindarolzarbi Alireza
- Amiri Sohrab
- Amugsi Dickson A
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Anderlini Deanna
- Anderson David B
- Andrade Pedro Prata
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- Anwar Saleha
- Anwar Sumadi Lukman
- Anwer Razique
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- Arab Juan Pablo
- Arabloo Jalal
- Arafat Mosab
- Araki Daniel T
- Aravkin Aleksandr Y
- Arkew Mesay
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- Arndt Michael Benjamin
- Arooj Mahwish
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- Aruleba Raphael Taiwo
- Arumugam Ashokan
- Ashbaugh Charlie
- Ashemo Mubarek Yesse
- Ashraf Muhammad
- Asika Marvellous O
- Askari Elaheh
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- Ayuso-Mateos Jose L
- Azadnajafabad Sina
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- Badar Muhammad
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- Baghdadi Soroush
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- Bakkannavar Shankar M
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- O'Donnell Martin James
- Oancea Bogdan
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- Oguntade Ayodipupo Sikiru
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- Okeke Sylvester Reuben
- Okekunle Akinkunmi Paul
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- Olasupo Omotola O
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- Olufadewa Isaac Iyinoluwa
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- Weaver Marcia R
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- Wu Zenghong
- Wulf Hanson Sarah
- Xia Yanjie
- Xiao Hong
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Xu Yvonne Yiru
- Yadav Lalit
- Yadollahpour Ali
- Yaghoubi Sajad
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- Yao Yao
- Yaribeygi Habib
- Yazdanpanah Mohammad Hosein
- Ye Pengpeng
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- Yesuf Subah Abderehim
- Yezli Saber
- Yigzaw Zeamanuel Anteneh
- Yiğit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yismaw Yazachew
- Yon Dong Keon
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yusuf Hadiza
- Zahid Mondal Hasan
- Zakham Fathiah
- Zaki Leila
- Zaki Nazar
- Zaman Burhan Abdullah
- Zamora Nelson
- Zand Ramin
- Zandieh Ghazal G Z
- Zar Heather J
- Zarrintan Armin
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zhang Haijun
- Zhang Ning
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhao Hanqing
- Zhong Chenwen
- Zhong Panliang
- Zhou Juexiao
- Zhu Zhaohua
- Ziafati Makan
- Zielińska Magdalena
- Zimsen Stephanie R M
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Zumla Alimuddin
- Zyoud Samer H
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
Background: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-based interventions that enable public health researchers, policy makers, and other professionals to implement strategies that can mitigate diseases. It can also facilitate more rigorous monitoring of progress towards national and international health targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals. For three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has filled that need. A global network of collaborators contributed to the production of GBD 2021 by providing, reviewing, and analysing all available data. GBD estimates are updated routinely with additional data and refined analytical methods. GBD 2021 presents, for the first time, estimates of health loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The GBD 2021 disease and injury burden analysis estimated years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries using 100 983 data sources. Data were extracted from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, censuses, household surveys, disease-specific registries, health service contact data, and other sources. YLDs were calculated by multiplying cause-age-sex-location-year-specific prevalence of sequelae by their respective disability weights, for each disease and injury. YLLs were calculated by multiplying cause-age-sex-location-year-specific deaths by the standard life expectancy at the age that death occurred. DALYs were calculated by summing YLDs and YLLs. HALE estimates were produced using YLDs per capita and age-specific mortality rates by location, age, sex, year, and cause. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for all final estimates as the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles values of 500 draws. Uncertainty was propagated at each step of the estimation process. Counts and age-standardised rates were calculated globally, for seven super-regions, 21 regions, 204 countries and territories (including 21 countries with subnational locations), and 811 subnational locations, from 1990 to 2021. Here we report data for 2010 to 2021 to highlight trends in disease burden over the past decade and through the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: Global DALYs increased from 2·63 billion (95% UI 2·44–2·85) in 2010 to 2·88 billion (2·64–3·15) in 2021 for all causes combined. Much of this increase in the number of DALYs was due to population growth and ageing, as indicated by a decrease in global age-standardised all-cause DALY rates of 14·2% (95% UI 10·7–17·3) between 2010 and 2019. Notably, however, this decrease in rates reversed during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, with increases in global age-standardised all-cause DALY rates since 2019 of 4·1% (1·8–6·3) in 2020 and 7·2% (4·7–10·0) in 2021. In 2021, COVID-19 was the leading cause of DALYs globally (212·0 million [198·0–234·5] DALYs), followed by ischaemic heart disease (188·3 million [176·7–198·3]), neonatal disorders (186·3 million [162·3–214·9]), and stroke (160·4 million [148·0–171·7]). However, notable health gains were seen among other leading communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases. Globally between 2010 and 2021, the age-standardised DALY rates for HIV/AIDS decreased by 47·8% (43·3–51·7) and for diarrhoeal diseases decreased by 47·0% (39·9–52·9). Non-communicable diseases contributed 1·73 billion (95% UI 1·54–1·94) DALYs in 2021, with a decrease in age-standardised DALY rates since 2010 of 6·4% (95% UI 3·5–9·5). Between 2010 and 2021, among the 25 leading Level 3 causes, age-standardised DALY rates increased most substantially for anxiety disorders (16·7% [14·0–19·8]), depressive disorders (16·4% [11·9–21·3]), and diabetes (14·0% [10·0–17·4]). Age-standardised DALY rates due to injuries decreased globally by 24·0% (20·7–27·2) between 2010 and 2021, although improvements were not uniform across locations, ages, and sexes. Globally, HALE at birth improved slightly, from 61·3 years (58·6–63·6) in 2010 to 62·2 years (59·4–64·7) in 2021. However, despite this overall increase, HALE decreased by 2·2% (1·6–2·9) between 2019 and 2021. Interpretation: Putting the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of causes of health loss is crucial to understanding its impact and ensuring that health funding and policy address needs at both local and global levels through cost-effective and evidence-based interventions. A global epidemiological transition remains underway. Our findings suggest that prioritising non-communicable disease prevention and treatment policies, as well as strengthening health systems, continues to be crucially important. The progress on reducing the burden of CMNN diseases must not stall; although global trends are improving, the burden of CMNN diseases remains unacceptably high. Evidence-based interventions will help save the lives of young children and mothers and improve the overall health and economic conditions of societies across the world. Governments and multilateral organisations should prioritise pandemic preparedness planning alongside efforts to reduce the burden of diseases and injuries that will strain resources in the coming decades. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study
- Author
- Aahlin Eirik Kjus
- Aamer Ahmed
- Aaniana Kenneth
- Ababneh Ali
- Abaliksta Tomas
- Abantanga Francis
- Abbas Athar
- Abbasy Jibran
- Abbo Olivier
- Abbott Tom
- Abbouch Meryem
- Abd El-Latif Nadia Khalid
- Abd Elkhalek Esraa
- Abd-Elmawla Manar
- Abdallah Emad
- Abdel-Aty Abdulrahman
- Abdel-Hameed Noran
- Abdel-Kader Sara Mahmoud
- Abdelaal Abdelaziz
- Abdelaty Mohamed
- Abdelazeam Anan Rady
- Abdelazim Galaleldin
- Abdelaziz Mohamed A
- Abdelbadeai Kholoud
- Abdelfatah Afnan
- Abdelhady Samar
- Abdelhamed Rasha
- Abdelhamid Amina
- Abdelhaq Aram
- Abdelkader Mostafa
- Abdelkader Omar
- Abdelkhalek Mohamed
- Abdelmageed Eman
- Abdelmotaleb Ibrahem
- Abdelraouf Ahmed Mahmoud
- Abdelrouf Doaa Maher
- Abdelshakour Mahmoud
- Abdrabou Abdulshafi Khaled
- Abdul-Latif Saiba
- Abdulaziz Hager
- Abdulaziz Mustafa
- Abdulbagi Omar
- Abdulhakeem Eman Mahmoud
- Abdullah Mohamed Abozed
- Abdullah Nik Azim Nik
- Abdullah Noha
- Abdullahi Lawal
- Abdurrazzaaq Abdussemiu
- Abem Owusu Emmanuel
- Abiola Olajide
- Aboelella Majed
- Aboelmagd Omnia
- Aboelsoud Moustafa R
- Aboul-Naga Mariam Saad
- Abouzaid Arwa
- Abu Qumbos Amjad
- Abu-toyour Maram
- Abubakr Marwan
- Abuowda Yousef
- Abuqwaider Eman
- Abusalem Lana
- Abushamleh Soha
- Ackom Eric
- Acquah Emmanuel
- Adam Ali
- Adam Nourhan
- Adamu Ahmed
- Adawi Ihdaa
- Adawi Mohammad
- Adebanjo Ademola
- Adebola Oluwaseyi
- Adedeji Adesina
- Adel Badr Eldin
- Adel Israa
- Adella Fidelis Jacklyn
- Adelshone Abdelrahman
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji O
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji O
- Adenekan Babajide
- Adeniran James
- Adeniyi Adewale
- Adesanya Opeoluwa
- Adesina Alaba
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adhitama Novia
- Adil Muhammad
- Adisa Adewale O
- Adiyaman Can
- Adu-Aryee Niiarmah
- Afana Samah
- Agalianos Christos
- Agarwal Arnav
- Agarwal Arnav
- Agbedinu Kwabena
- Aglan Amro
- Aguado Suarez Nuria
- Aguilera Maria Lorena
- Aguilera Maria Lorena
- Aguilera-Arevalo Maria-Lorena
- Ahlonsou Germain
- Ahlqvist Sandra
- Ahlqvist Sandra
- Ahmed Asdaq
- Ahmed Ataa
- Ahmed Hayam
- Ahmed Hussien
- Ahmed Lopna Ahmed Mohamed
- Ahmed Sara
- Ahmed Saraibrahim
- Ahounou Ernest Yemalin Stephane
- Ajah Jonathan
- Ajai Olalekan
- Ajao Akinlabi
- Ajiboye Anthony
- Akoto Elliot
- Akpenyi Onyinye
- Al Amin Shadid
- Al Attar Samaa Mahmoud
- Al Barraw Fayez Elian
- Al Bastawis Fatema
- Al Meligy Amgad
- Al Rafati Ahmad Abdel Razaq
- Al Raouf Eman Abd
- Al Saied Ghiath
- Al Subaie Norah
- Al-Bahrani Ahmed
- Al-Buhaisi Alaa
- Al-Dakka Emad
- Al-faqawi Maha
- Al-farram Hadeel
- Al-khatib Ahmed
- Al-Marakby Dina
- Al-saqqa Sara
- Al-Saqqa Sara W
- Al-Slaibi Ibrahim
- Al-taher Taher
- AlaaelDein Shahinaz
- Alada Muslimat
- Alakaloko Felix
- Alaloul Enas
- Alamin Shadid
- Alamoudi Mohammed
- Albiety Adel
- Alcca Ticona Willy
- Alejos Bermudez Ysabel Esthefany
- Alexander Philip
- Alexander Philip
- Alexandre Challine
- Alghamdi Ahmed
- Alghamdi Mohammed Saleh A
- Alhady Khaled
- Alhammali Tariq
- Alhassan Basmah
- Alhazmi Wedyan
- Alherz Mohammad
- Ali Ahmed
- Ali Citra Dewi Mohd
- Ali Elsayed
- Ali Safia
- Ali Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan
- Ali Tebian Hassanein Ahmed
- Ali Wadah
- Alihonou Thierry
- Alis Halil
- Aliyu Halima
- Aliyu Mohammad
- Aliyu Shamsudeen
- Aljboor Khaled
- Aljiffry Murad
- Alkaaki Aroub
- Alkelani Muhammad
- Allam Meran
- Allam Yomna
- Alnaby Mohamed Hassab
- Alnusairat Aseel
- Alqahtani Saleh
- Alsaggaf Mohammed Ubaid
- Alser Osaid H
- Alshareef Reham
- Altaf Abdulmalik
- Altamimi Abdullah
- Altamimi Afnan
- Altamini Afnan
- Altarayra Marwa
- Altibi Ahmed
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altwijri Abdulaziz
- Alvi Abdul Rehman
- Aly Mohammed Yahia Mohamed
- Alyacoubi Said
- Alyahya Reem
- Alzahrani Ahmed
- Aman Nowrin F
- Amandito Radhian
- Amandito Radhian
- Ambrona-Zafra David
- Amin Hager Abdul Aziz
- Amjad Mohammadasim
- Amoah Michael
- Amoako Joachim
- Amoako Philip Taah
- Amoako-Boateng Mabel
- Amole Isaac
- Amreia Mahmoud
- Anderson Frank
- Andika Ferry Fitriya Ayu
- Andreotti Dario
- Andress Cedar
- Andriola Valeria
- Ang Yun Lin
- Angelieri Daniele
- Anis Echaieb
- Ansaloni Luca
- Ansaloni Luca
- Ansaloni Luca
- Antezana Diego
- Anthoulakis Christos
- Antoniozzi Angelo
- Anwar Nourhan
- Anyanwu Lofty-John
- Aonzo Paolo
- Appeadu-Mensah William
- Appiah Eric Kofi
- Aquilino Fabrizio
- Arafa Omar
- Arafa Sara
- Arango Maria Clara Mendoza
- Arcudi Claudio
- Armellini Andrea
- Arnaud Alexis
- Arnaud Alexis Pierre
- Arshad Mohammad Mohsin
- Arslan Ekin
- Arsyad Hasbi Maulana
- Arthur Tom
- Aruldas Neerav
- Asar Yomna Hosny
- Asare-Bediako Kwasi
- Ashour Ahmad
- Ashour Ahmad
- Ashour Khlood
- Ashtari Morvarid
- Asi Fatema
- Asilah Siti Mohd Desa
- Assal Abdelrahman
- Asturias Sabrina
- Asumah Hamza
- Ata Ahmed
- Ata Aya Yehia
- Atiyeh Anwar
- Atkins Ebenezer Takyi
- Attia Attia
- Augestad Knut Magne
- Aviles Susan
- Avoka Anthony
- Awad Israa
- Awad Sawsan Adel
- Awadallah Salwa
- Ayandipo Omobolaji
- Aydin Mehmet Can
- Aziz Dayang Nita Abdul
- Aziz Mohamed Rezal Abdul
- Aziz Nora Abdul
- Azizeldine Mohammed G
- Azzie Georges
- Azzis Olivier
- Baba Suleiman
- Bachri Houda
- Badawy Mahmoud
- Badenjki Mohamed Adel
- Badicel Maria
- Badr Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous
- Badwi Nermin Mohamed
- Bahar Suraya
- Baillie Katie
- Baki Bahadir Emre
- Bakr Ahmad
- Bakry Hesham Mohammed
- Bala Miklosh
- Balalis Dimitrios
- Balducci Genoveffa
- Ballouhey Quentin
- Balmaceda Ruben
- Balmaceda Ruben
- Balogun Fatai
- Baltrunas Robertas
- Baluch Fatima
- Bamford Rebecca
- Bamicha Athanasia
- Banaitis Vincas Jonas
- Bandi Ashwath
- Bandoh Dickson
- Bani-Sadar Ahmad
- Banipal Gurpreet Singh
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- Wilson Michael
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- Wolf Bernhard
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- Wondoh Paul
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- Worku Mengistu
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- Wright Naomi
- Yahaya Muhammad Taqiyuddin
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- Ye Joselyn
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- Yeung Man Hon Andrew
- Yifieyeh Abiboye
- Yildirim Reyyan
- Yip Chingwan
- Ymeri Shpetim
- Yoganathan Pigeneswaren
- Yolcu Sinem
- Yong Guo Liang
- Younis Abobaker
- Youssef Mohamed
- Yuksek Mahmut Arif
- Yusufali Taha
- Zaa'treh Rula
- Zadoroznas Antanas
- Zahran Diaaaldin
- Zakaria Esraay
- Zakaria Mahmoud
- Zakaria Yehia
- Zaki Ahmed
- Zammit Stefan
- Zampitis Nikolaos
- Zani Augusto
- Zani Augusto
- Zanini Nicola
- Zapata Felipe
- Zarb Ciskje
- Zeta Solis Ludwing Alexander
- Zielinski Martin
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zilinskiene Reda
- Ziubryte Greta
- Zohair Ahmed
- Zuber Markus
- Zuk Grzegorz
- Zulkifli Athirah
- Zumbuhl Lucius
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world.
Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231.
Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001).
Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication
Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial
- Author
- Abdel-Rahman Emaad
- Abhayaratna Walter
- Abramof Ness Rosane
- Acosta Idalia
- Adams Atoya
- Adawi Faiad
- Adler Sharon
- Ahmed Fayzal
- Aizenberg Diego
- Ajani Dilawar
- Al-Karadsheh Amer
- Albota Adrian
- Alferi Dino
- Alicic Radica
- Alla Sreedhara
- Allison D
- Almeida Edgar
- Alpizar Salazar Melchor
- Amer Joseph
- Amod Aslam
- Andrawis Nabil
- Antonio Bossi Carlo
- Antsiferov Mikhail
- Antunes Daniela
- Araki Hideo
- Arango Clara
- Arcos Edgar
- Arif Ahmed
- Arif Imrozia
- Arkhipov Mikhail
- Armaly Zaher
- Aroca Gustavo
- Asprusten Emil
- Atar Shaul
- Avila Pardo Sandro
- Awad Ahmed
- Axthelm Christoph
- Azizad Masoud
- Azizah Aziz Nor
- B Brouwer C
- Babikova Jana
- Babkin Andrey
- Badak Ozer
- Bahrami Michael
- Bajcsi Dora
- Baker John
- Bala Cornelia
- Ballesteros Rosa
- Bansal Shweta
- Barag Steven
- Barakzoy Ahmad
- Baranov Vitaliy
- Barbarash Olga
- Barbonta Hortensia
- Barney Mark
- Barre Paul
- Barrera Sandra
- Barreto Carlos
- Barreto Germ\ue1n
- Bartolacci In\ue9s
- Bashir Khalid
- Bashkin Amir
- Bastidas Adrian Miriam
- Bautista Albert
- Bautista Jose
- Bech Jesper
- Beddhu Srinivasan
- Beltr\ue1n L\uf3pez Nelly
- Ben Chetrit Sydney
- Benitez Diego
- Benjamin Sabrina
- Berar Yanay Noa
- Berenji Ramin
- Bertram Pitt
- Bertsch John
- Besada Diego
- Bhana Sindeep
- Bhargava Anuj
- Bilz Stefan
- Birkenfeld Andreas
- Birriel Jose
- Bittar Julio
- Blanco Guillermo
- Bleich David
- Boletis Ioannis
- Bondarets Iryna
- Bonora Enzo
- Bornfreund Jonathan
- Boshnyashka Radostina
- Botelho Roberto
- Botero Rodrigo
- Botsyurko Volodymyr
- Bouarich Hanane
- Brada Michal
- Brandao Ilidio
- Brar Harjeet
- Braun Hermann
- Brezina Jiri
- Brian Susan
- Brietzke Stephen
- Brito Claudia
- Bruchfeld Annette
- Bruno Giorda Carlo
- Brusco Osvaldo
- Bu Ruifang
- Bucek Petr
- Buganova Ingrid
- Burgner Anna
- Busch Klaus
- Busch Robert
- Butrymowicz Patrycja
- C Bakker R
- C\ue1rdenas Tatiana
- Caceaune Elena
- Cai Hanqing
- Calabr\uf2 Paolo
- Calero Francesca
- Canadas Rafael
- Canani Luis
- Caramori Maria
- Cardona Jose
- Cariou Bertrand
- Carlo Maggi Davide
- Carlos Palma Juan
- Carlos Prieto Juan
- Carlson Brian
- Carpio Jose
- Carvalho Rui
- Case Christopher
- Castro Cristina
- Catindig Elizabeth
- Catrinoiu Doina
- Cayli Murat
- Cereto Castro Fernando
- Cerqueira Maria
- Chahin Mariano
- Chang Chiz-Tzung
- Chantrel Fran\ue7ois
- Chen Dejun
- Chen Nan
- Chen Qinkai
- Cheng Jinluo
- Chernikova Viktoriia
- Chernin Gil
- Chernyavskaya Elena
- Chew Wong Alfredo
- Christina Nowack
- Chuang Lee-Ming
- Chung ChoonHee
- Ciechanowski Kazimierz
- Cieslik Grazyna
- Cigarr\ue1n Guldris Secundino
- Cimino Roberto
- Clavel Sylvaine
- Clodi Martin
- Cobos Jorge
- Colman Peter
- Colquhoun David
- Constantin Ciprian
- Contzen Christel
- Conway James
- Coronel Julian
- Cortes-Maisonet Gregorio
- Cortes-Maisonet Gregorio
- Cournoyer Serge
- Crawford Veronica
- Cristina Gregorini Maria
- Cruz Humberto
- Cruzado Garrit Josep
- Cure Carlos
- Curiac Dan
- Cutfield Rick
- Dandillaya Ramprasad
- Dang Cuong
- Danos Peter
- Darawsha Mahmud
- de \uc1lvaro Fernando
- de Paula Rogerio
- Deerochanawong Chaicharn
- Degenhardt Stefan
- Demko Arkadiy
- Derwahl Karl
- Dhanireddy Soni
- Din Zia
- Distiller Larry
- Dixon Bradley
- Dolores Mart\uednez Esteban M\uaa
- Donath Marc
- Donets Oleksandra
- Dong Junwu
- Dong Youping
- Doshi Ankur
- Doubel Peter
- Dreval Alexander
- Drexel Heinz
- Du Yuming
- Dumas Richard
- Dumitrescu Adriana
- Dunn Peter
- Dur\ue1n Carlos
- Duyck Francis
- Dzupina Andrej
- E Costa Fernando Teixeira
- Ebenbichler Christoph
- Ebisui Osamu
- Edelsberger Tomas
- Edin Anton
- Eduardo Figueiredo Carlos
- Eduardo Salles Joao
- Efrati Shai
- Ekinci Elif
- El Shahawy Mahfouz
- El-Shahawy Mohammed
- Elbert Alicia
- Elias Mazen
- Eliaschewitz Freddy
- Eliasson Ken
- Emdin Michele
- Engelen Wendy
- Eren Necmi
- Eriksen Erik
- Ermakova Polina
- Escalada San Mart\uedn Javier
- Escobedo de la Pe\uf1a Jorge
- Esteves Cesar
- Eugenia Canziani Maria
- Eustace Joe
- Evans John
- Faber Jens
- Fadda George
- Fang Sum Chee
- Fang Yi
- Fangh\ue4nel Salm\uf3n Guillermo
- Farah Ghassan
- Farber Evgeny
- Farooq Umar
- Fauvel Jean-Pierre
- Fernando Roland
- Fiaccadori Enrico
- Fikry Sameh
- Fink Raymond
- Finnes Trine
- Fiorina Paolo
- First Brian
- Fitz-Patrick David
- Flack John
- Fliesser-G\uf6rzer Evelyn
- Fluck Patrick
- Fogelfeld Leon
- Fonseca Vivian
- Forti Adriana
- Franek Edward
- Frank Malin
- Frias Juan
- Fujita Naruhiro
- Furuya Ryuichi
- Fushtey Ivan
- G Lieverse A
- Galcer\ue1n Josep
- Gallouj Karim
- Galphin Claude
- Galyavich Albert
- Gansevoort Ron
- Garc\ueda Hern\ue1ndez Pedro
- Garc\ueda Luis
- Garcia-Mayol Luis
- Gaysina Leyla
- Gelersztein Elizabeth
- George L Bakris
- Georgiev Dimitar
- Gerasimos Filippatos
- Giebel Thomas
- Gillard Pieter
- Giorgio Battaglia Giovanni
- Gislason Gunnar
- Glandt Mariela
- Goldstein Gary
- Goluch Richard
- Gonz\ue1lez Albarr\ue1n Olga
- Gonz\ue1lez G\ue1lvez Guillermo
- Gonz\ue1lez Gonz\ue1lez Jos\ue9
- Gonz\ue1lez Fernando
- Gonzalez Edgar
- Gonzalez-Abreu Francisco
- Gordeev Ivan
- Gore Ashwini
- Gouet Didier
- Grachova Mariia
- Grant David
- Grossman Ehud
- Guan Tianjun
- Guerci Bruno
- Guerrot Dominique
- Guia Jose
- Gul Ibrahim
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- Ludvik Bernhard
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- Luis M Ruilope
- Lurie Alexander
- M Barendregt J N
- M van Leendert Ruud J
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- Suzuki Masaaki
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- T Luik P
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- Temizhan Ahmet
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- Tobe Sheldon
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- Tong Nanwei
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- Tran Tuan-Huy
- Treger Richard
- Trevisan Roberto
- Trokis J
- Troya Maribel
- Trujillo Freddy
- Trullenque Gretel
- Tsch\uf6pe Diethelm
- Tsoukas George
- Tsunematsu Izumi
- Tu Shih-Te
- Turcu Liana
- Turk Thomas
- Tytus Richard
- Ujihara Makoto
- Ukhanova Olga
- Ulmer Achim
- Umpierrez Guillermo
- Urbach Daniel
- Urbach Dorothea
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- Urina Miguel
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- Vacaru Georgeta
- Valdes Martin
- Valdez Ortiz Rafael
- Valika Shujauddin
- Vallejos Augusto
- van Buren M
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- van der Giet Markus
- VAN Gaal Luc
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- van Zyl Louis
- Vanbelleghem Hilde
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- Varleta Paola
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- Vasileva Svetla
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- Vi\uf1es Gloria
- Vijayaraman Arutchelvam
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- Villagordoa Mesa Juan
- Villegas Iv\ue1n
- Vitou Louise
- Vlad Adrian
- Vlasenko Maryna
- Vorokhobina Natalya
- Wainstein Julio
- Wainstein Julio
- Walsh Michael
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- Wang Lihua
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- Wassermann Alfredo
- Wei Jiali
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- Weissman Peter
- Whaley-Connell Adam
- Wierusz-Wysocka Bogna
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- Winston Jonathan
- Wise Jonathan
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- Wong Yuk-Ki
- Wu Chaoqing
- Wu Mai-Szu
- Wu Ming-Ju
- Wu Tianfeng
- Wudi Krisztina
- Wuerzner Gregoire
- Wynne Katie-Jane
- Xing Changying
- Xiong Fei
- Xu Ning
- Xu Xudong
- Yagil Yoram
- Yajima Ken
- Yakhontov Davyd
- Yale Jean-Francois
- Yamada Daishiro
- Yamada Masayo
- Yamagata Kazuo
- Yamakawa Fumiko
- Yamakawa Ken
- Yamasaki Yoshimitsu
- Yambe Yuko
- Yanai Hidekatsu
- Yang Jinkui
- Yasuda Tetsuyuki
- Yenicerioglu Yavuz
- Yeung Vincent
- Yilmaz Huseyin
- Yin Aiping
- Yoncheva-Mihaylova Mariana
- Young Park Cheol
- Yuan Lee Li
- Yupanqui Hern\ue1n
- Yuryev Michael
- Zakharova Elena
- Zalevskaya Alsu
- Zanozina Olga
- Zaoui Philippe
- Zeig Steven
- Zeng Longyi
- Zhang Hao
- Zhang Yanlin
- Zhang Ying
- Zhao Zhiquan
- Zhdanova Elena
- Zheng Hongguang
- Zhong Ling
- Zhong Liyong
- Zhu Dalong
- Zhukova Larisa
- Zilahi Zsolt
- Zsom Marianna
- Zukermann Robert
- Zykova Tatyana
- Publication venue
- 'S. Karger AG'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials.
Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure.
Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen.
Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049
Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries
- Author
- Aamir Faiqa Binte
- Aamir Syed Roohan
- Ababneh Adnan
- Abbal Muhammad Anas
- Abbas Ahmed M
- Abbas Mostafa
- Abd-Albain Montasir A
- Abdalei Abdulwahab
- Abdalla Ahmed
- Abdalla Ahmed Yassir
- Abdalla Mohamed Galal Ali
- Abdalla Zainab
- Abdallah Mohamed M
- Abdalmahmoud Noon Ezzeldien
- Abdalsadeg Rowa
- Abdelaal Ahmed M
- Abdelbagi Alnazeer Y
- Abdelbaky Mostafa
- Abdelbaset Doaa
- AbdElbaset Esraa
- Abdelbast Menhag
- Abdelfatah Mohammed Abdelnasser
- Abdelgawad Samia
- Abdelhamid Mohamed M
- Abdeljaber Mahmoud
- Abdelkhalig Mubarak
- Abdelmaksoud Mohamed
- Abdelmeguid Rana
- Abdelmelek Dhia Errahmane
- Abdelnaeam Samah
- Abdelnasser Mohammad K
- Abdelrahim Najwa
- Abdelrahman Amira
- Abdelrahman Ayman
- Abdelsalam Hebatalla
- Abdelsamed Enas Abdelbaset
- Abdelwahab Khaled
- Abdoun Meriem
- Abdulali Fatima
- Abdulaziz Mohamed
- Abdulla Dheba Almukhtar
- Abdullah Bahiyah
- Abdullah Bahiyah
- Abdullah Walaa
- Abdullahi Habiba Ibrahim
- Abdulrahman Ahmed
- Abdulrasheed Lubabatu
- Abdulwahed Eman
- Abdulwahed Eman
- Abeysirigunawardana Dewmi
- Abidin Muhammad Fihmi Zainal
- Abiola Olukayode
- Abiyere Henry
- Abodina Ahmed Mohammed
- Aboelela Reham
- AboElfarh Hadeer Elsaeed
- Aboudlal Husein
- AbouHiekal Osama
- Aboulfotouh Ahmed
- Abozid Anwaar
- Abubaker Noora
- Abubaker Noora
- Abufanas Asma
- Abughanima Mahmoud
- Abuhashem Shehab
- Abulafia Daniel
- Abushaala Fatima
- Abushanab Khaled
- AbuShawareb Issa
- Abuuqteish Hamza
- Abuzaho Amany
- Achem Arome
- Adam Eithar
- Adam Mohammed
- Adam Mohammed A
- Addalla Mohamed
- Addley Jordan
- Adeleye Gbadebo
- Adeniyi Adebayo
- Adewole Nathaniel
- Adeyemo Olabisi
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adly Michael
- Adnan Siti Nasyirah Nisya
- Ads Adel Mohamed
- Ads Alaa Mohamed
- Adze Joel Amwe
- Afeikhena Ehis
- Agida Teddy
- Agilla Hamza
- Agnew Emilie
- Agu Joy Onyekachi
- Ahmad Zatul Akmar
- Ahmed Abdalla
- Ahmed Ahmed
- Ahmed Ahmed
- Ahmed Alaaaldeen
- Ahmed Entisar
- Ahmed Habeeba
- Ahmed Hatem
- Ahmed Reem
- Ahmed Rehab
- Ahmed Rihab
- Ahmed Rogia Ahmed Abdalla
- Ahmed Ruaa
- Ahmed Sharwany
- Ahmed Uzair
- Ahmed Wahiba
- Ahmeed Sultan
- Airede Lydia Regina
- Aitchison Lori
- Ajredini Mirac
- Ajulo Adeshina A
- Akaba Godwin
- Akasha Mazin
- Akbar Maha Ghulam
- Akbuz Seyma Orcan
- Akdere Hakan
- Akın Bilge
- Akkaya Ege Nur
- Akpamgbo Chukwunonso Nnamdi
- Akwaisah Ayoub
- Al Hammoud Amr
- Al Rawashdeh Toka
- Al-Baw Mahmoud
- Al-Dahdouh Mosheer
- Al-Haek Safa’
- Al-Hazaimeh Mo'ath
- Al-issawi Dima
- Al-Issawi Subhi
- Al-jammal Maryam
- Al-Juaifari Maytham A
- Al-Mwajeh Tesneem
- Al-Omary Sohaib
- Al-Quossi Mohammed
- Al-Shambaty Yasir Babkir Ali
- Al-Shami Qotadah
- Al-Smirat Heba
- Al-Tahayneh Sief-Addeen
- Al-Touny Aiman
- Al-Touny Shimaa
- Al-zawaydeh Alia
- Alaa Ali
- Alabed Ebtihal
- Alagelli Fatma
- Alagoz Ahmet Can
- Alameen Hind
- Alameen Maram
- Alamlih Laith
- Alaqoubi Retaj
- Alarabi Rehab
- Alariby Fatima
- Alatefi Dawood
- Alathameen Nassar
- Albakosh Bashir Abobaker
- Albanopoulos Konstantinos
- Albarhomy Osama
- Albarki Aisha
- Albashaireh Alaa
- Albatni Safa Sasi
- Albayadi Eslam
- Alboon Mosab
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- Zargar Kamran
- Zarzour Mohamed A
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- Zertuche Juventino Tadeo Guerrero
- Zhang Caitlin
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- Zhang Yichi
- Zhao Hailin
- Zheng Helen
- Zhou Karen
- Zhou Yida
- Ziergiebel Felix
- Zou Peishan
- Zuylekom Kate Van
- Zuylekom Katie Van
- Zwain Yasir Adnan
- Zyul'korneeva Sof'ya
- Aladna Abdallah
- Aljoumaa Abdullah
- Nawfal Hamdi
- Niazi Ammar
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely
Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection
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- Aahlin Ek
- Aamer A
- Aaniana K
- Ababneh A
- Abaliksta T
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- Abbasy J
- Abbo O
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- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
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- Abdel-Aty A
- Abdel-Hameed N
- Abdel-Kader Sm
- Abdel-Wahab Nye
- Abdelaal A
- Abdelaty M
- Abdelazeam Ar
- Abdelazim G
- Abdelaziz Ma
- Abdelbadeai K
- Abdelfatah A
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelhady S
- Abdelhamed R
- Abdelhamid A
- Abdelhaq A
- Abdelkader M
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- Abdelkader O
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- Anwar N
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- Anyanwu Lj
- Anyanwu Lj
- Aonzo P
- Appeadu-Mensah W
- Appiah Ek
- Aql S
- Aquilino F
- Arachchi Pp
- Arachchige Lajj
- Arafa O
- Arafa S
- Arango Mcm
- Arango Mcm
- Arango Mcm
- Arango Mcm
- Arango Mcm
- Araujo Jslr
- Arcudi C
- Ardley R
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- Arman S
- Arman S
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- Arnaud Ap
- Arnaud Ap
- Arshad Mm
- Arslan E
- Arsyad Hm
- Arthur T
- Arulampalam T
- Aruldas N
- Asaat Ul Razi S
- Asal M
- Asar Yh
- Asare-Bediako K
- Asele Fa
- Ashour A
- Ashour A
- Ashour K
- Ashraf Sf
- Ashtari M
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- Asi F
- Asilah Smd
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- Ata A
- Ata Aaa
- Ata Ay
- Atiyeh A
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- Atkinson K
- Atobatele K
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- Attard M
- Attia A
- Attia Am
- Augestad Km
- Aung Kp
- Austraite A
- Aviles S
- Avoka A
- Awad I
- Awad Sa
- Awadallah S
- Awuku-Asabre J
- Ayad S
- Ayandipo O
- Ayandipo Oo
- Aydin Mc
- Ayyar S
- Aziz Dna
- Aziz Mra
- Aziz Na
- Azizeldine Mg
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- Azodo Ia
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- Azzie G
- Azzis O
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- Bachri H
- Badawy M
- Badenjki Ma
- Badicel M
- Badr A
- Badr Mfm
- Badwi Nm
- Badwi Nm
- Badwy A
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- Baheeg M
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- Baillie K
- Baillie K
- Baird A
- Bakhaidar M
- Baki Be
- Bakr A
- Bakry Hm
- Baky Fahmy MA
- Bala M
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- Baldacchino M
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- Ballouhey Q
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- Balmaceda R
- Balmaceda R
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- Bamford R
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- Bamicha A
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- Bandi A
- Bandoh D
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- Barendegere V
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- Barmayehvar B
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- Barnacle J
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- Barreda Lma
- Barrientos Lam
- Barrios E
- Barrios E
- Barrios E
- Barry J
- Basilicò
- Basir Erm
- Bassem M
- Bassit Ka
- Basso Sm
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- Batt J
- Bautista Acm
- Bautista Acm
- Bayram S
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- Bedada Ag
- Bediako-Bowan A
- Behar N
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- Beisa V
- Bekhet Ah
- Bekhet Nm
- Beleñ
- Belkouchi A
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- Benammi S
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- Benevento A
- Benger M
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- Benyaiche C
- Bermú
- Bernardo Cg
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- Beuran M
- Beuran M
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- Bezzina M
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- Bhangu A
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- Bhangu A
- Bhargava A
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- Bhat S
- Bhatnagar A
- Bhattacharya S
- Bhopal Kf
- Bhopal Kf
- Bianco F
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- Birindelli A
- Birring A
- Bisset C
- Bjö
- Bjö
- Blacker S
- Blackwell J
- Blanco R
- Blanco-Colino R
- Blencowe N
- Blencowe N
- Bliksø
- Blower E
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- Blundell R
- Boakye-Yiadom K
- Boal M
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- Boddy A
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- Bode C
- Bodur S
- Boereboom C
- Boggon A
- Boijsen M
- Bokhari S
- Bonavia K
- Bonavina L
- Bonavina L
- Bond-Smith G
- Bondin J
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- Bondurri A
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- Borda-Luque G
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- Borg E
- Borg E
- Borin E
- Bortolasi L
- Bortolasi L
- Boshnaq M
- Botero Jam
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- Botto N
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- Bougard H
- Boukhal K
- Bowabsak A
- Bowe R
- Bowley D
- Bowling K
- Bowman C
- Boyce T
- Bré
- Bradulskis S
- Bradulskis S
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- Bratu Rm
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- Bray Ld
- Breistrand M
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- Bukari M
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- Bustangi N
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- Cardozo Jt
- Cardozo Ram
- Careta Mc
- Carlucci M
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- Carpio J
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- Cassar K
- Castillo Vdp
- Castro Mr
- Catani M
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- Chachulski W
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- Chai Fy
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- Chan Z
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- Chang Ky
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- Chin Yr
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- Chiong Jac
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- Chun T
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- Chung S
- Ciccioli E
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- Clegg-Lampety Jn
- Clegg-Lamptey Jn
- Clement Kd
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- Connor K
- Contreras E
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- Coomber R
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- Corbellini C
- Corbellino M
- Cornick J
- Coronel J
- Correa Jc
- Corro-Diaz S
- Costa C
- Costa-Maia J
- Costa-Maia J
- Costas-Chavarri A
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- Court E
- Cox D
- Cox M
- Coyoy-Gaitan O
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- Cruz H
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- Dé
- D&apos
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- D&apos
- D&apos
- Da Silva LA
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- Dambrauskas Z
- Dan I
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- Daniyan M
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- Daqeeq A
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- Das A
- Das K
- Das S
- Dasari M
- Dashnyam E
- Dassah V
- Datta U
- Davenport R
- Davies J
- Davies R
- Davor A
- Dawnay G
- Dawood K
- Dawoud H
- Dayie M
- De Boni D
- De Bono P
- De Bono P
- De Castro Segundo LCB
- De Franciscis S
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- De La Medina AR
- de Leó
- De Leon MZP
- De Leon MZP
- de Lima CVB
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- Deichsel F
- Del Basso C
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- Delgado Jm
- Delgado Msftl
- Dell A
- Dempster E
- Denewar A
- Depalma N
- Deputy M
- Der Y
- Dervenis C
- Despotidis V
- Desta S
- Deutschmann P
- Devadasar Gh
- Dharamshi Ha
- Dhillon D
- Di Franco F
- Di Martino N
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- Di Saverio S
- Diab A
- Diaconescu B
- Diaconescu Ib
- Dias S
- Diaz-Jover P
- Diaz-Zorrilla C
- Dick L
- Dickfos M
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- Dijan E
- Dimech T
- Din F
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- Dindyal S
- Dissanayake T
- Djivoh F
- Domini E
- Domini E
- Donnelly P
- Donoghue D
- Dorani Rmnr
- Dorismé
- Dos Santos DV
- Dossou F
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- Doughty J
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- Drake Tm
- Drake Tm
- Driscoll A
- Drungilas M
- Du Plessis D
- du Plooy F
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- Dubois A
- Dueñ
- Duffy L
- Duhoranenayo D
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- Dulskas A
- Durand Sya
- Dwydar A
- Ebdewi H
- Ebidy M
- Ebidy Mm
- Ebrahim Os
- Eduard P
- Edwards J
- Edye M
- Eid Mm
- Eisner L
- Ekow M
- El Ashal G
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- El Deen KN
- El Galeel AA
- El Gendy NH
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- El Jamassi A
- El Kashash A
- El Kholy A
- El Magd AA
- El Mesery S
- El Salam YA
- El Sayed GS
- El Sayed IM
- El Shoura Y
- El Slam MA
- El-Badawy Ha
- El-Dien Ks
- El-Dien Ks
- El-Din Ra
- El-Din Sa
- El-Gizawy E
- El-Hamouly As
- El-Kashef H
- El-Latif Nka
- El-Ma&apos
- El-Rabaa S
- El-Sagheer N
- El-Salam Fa
- El-Sawy A
- El-Sehily A
- El-Shahat Ns
- El-Sheemy H
- El-Taher E
- Elabdin Hz
- Elashmawy M
- Elashry R
- Elazab A
- Elazayem Aa
- Elazoul M
- Elbanby E
- Elbanby Es
- Elbatahgy A
- Elbe P
- Elbermawy M
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- Eldafrawy M
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- Eldeeb Az
- Eldeen Ea
- Eldin Mab
- Elebute O
- Elebute O
- Elena G
- Elfarargy A
- Elfeki H
- Elfeki H
- Elfiky M
- Elfil M
- Elfouly N
- Elfouly N
- Elfouly Y
- Elfouly Y
- Elgebaly A
- Elgendy Ah
- Elgendy Fi
- Elgheriany M
- Elhadad A
- Elhadary Nm
- Elhadry S
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- Elhamouly S
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- Elhendawy A
- Elhendawy Aoa
- Elhoseny G
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- Elkadsh I
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- Elkelany A
- Elkelany A
- Elkelany A
- Elkhadrawi M
- Elkhalek Ea
- Elkholy A
- Elkholy Ss
- Elkolaly Ss
- Elkorashy Am
- Ellison Q
- Elmashala A
- Elmasry M
- Elmelegy R
- Elmihy S
- Elnagar A
- Elnajjar Ma
- Elnemr Ae
- Elrasoul Ya
- Elrazek Aa
- Elsabbagh N
- Elsameea Aa
- Elsawahly Dme
- Elsawy A
- Elsayed M
- Elsayed M
- Elsayed N
- Elsayed Nar
- Elsayed Zm
- Elsebaaye Ao
- Elsehimy M
- Elsemelawy R
- Elshaar M
- Elshaer K
- Elshaer M
- Elshaer M
- Elshafay Ae
- Elshami M
- Elshanwany S
- Elsharkawy Aa
- Elsheikh S
- Elsherbiney S
- Elsherbiny As
- Elsherif Fa
- Elshobary M
- Elsiddig M
- Elsobky S
- Elsorogy Deaa
- Elwaey A
- Elwakil H
- Elwan A
- Elwan A
- Elwy E
- Elzahed N
- Elzayat I
- Elzayat M
- Elzayyat I
- Elzowawi F
- Emadeldin D
- Emadeldin H
- Emara E
- Emile S
- Eng C
- English W
- Esam A
- Escobar Eg.
- Espin-Basany E
- Espinoza F
- Espinoza Kt
- Espinoza Kt
- Essam A
- Essam Aa
- Essam M
- Essoun S
- Esteban E
- Estee Mm
- Estupinian S
- Etchill E
- Etchill E
- Etienne S
- Etman M
- Etwire V
- Evajelista Cv
- Evans D
- Evans E
- Eysa A
- Eyssartier E
- Ezzat E
- Ezzat T
- Faboya O
- Faccincani R
- Fadel A
- Fahiem A
- Fahim M
- Fahy C
- Fairfield C
- Fairfield C
- Fairfield C
- Fakher R
- Falaschi F
- Falco N
- Falzon M
- Farag A
- Farag S
- Farah A
- Farahat Mm
- Faraz A
- Fares M
- Farfan Esf
- Farhad M
- Farhan-Alanie Mmh
- Farhangmehr N
- Farinella E
- Farmakis K
- Farooq T
- Farouk Sam
- Farquharson A
- Farrugia A
- Farrugia A
- Faruq A
- Fathy Am
- Fattah Aa
- Fatuga A
- Faturoti O
- Faturoti O
- Faure A
- Fautz T
- Favero A
- Fawzy A
- Feidantsis T
- Felipe Co
- Fergany A
- Fergusson Sj
- Fergusson Sj
- Fergusson Sj
- Fermani C
- Fermani Cg
- Ferná
- Fernandes C
- Fernandez-Bueno F
- Fernandez-Vega L
- Ferousis C
- Ferreira Sak
- Ferrero E
- Fievet L
- Filatau A
- Findlay-Cooper K
- Firdouse M
- Firdouse M
- Firdouse M
- Firwana A
- Fitsum A
- Fitzgerald Je
- Florez Ljg
- Foco M
- Fok Cyj
- Fontana T
- Foo Cc
- Forlin L
- Forno W
- Fouad A
- Fouad D
- Fouad D
- Fourcade L
- Fowler Aj
- Fozard T
- Fozard T
- Frade F
- Fraga Gp
- Franco H
- Francois P
- Francois-Coridon H
- Francone E
- Freitas Av
- Frey D
- Frisk B
- Fuentes-Rivera L
- Fujii F
- Furqan Mm
- Gü
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- Gaafar S
- Gaarder T
- Gad A
- Gad Mo
- Gadelkarim M
- Gadhvi V
- Gado A
- Gaiž
- Gaignard E
- Gaignard E
- Gala T
- Gala T
- Galiqi G
- Galleano R
- Gallo G
- Galloway S
- Galvez Cp
- Gamal D
- Gamal E
- Gamal H
- Gamal S
- Gamaly E
- Gamil D
- Gan C
- Gan Yy
- Gani Ma
- Garaycochea O
- Garcí
- Garcí
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- Garcia-Florez L
- Garcia-Marin Ja
- Garcia-Perez Jm
- Garland A
- Gash K
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- Gash K
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- Gasteratos K
- Gaujoux S
- Gavagna L
- Gbessi Dg
- Gemeah M
- Gemenetzis G
- Gemenetzis G
- George R
- Germanos S
- Germanos S
- Gerosa A
- Gerosa A
- Geuoshy A
- Ghaben A
- Ghandora N
- Ghanem A
- Ghanem E
- Ghanem S
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- Ghannam M
- Gharib A
- Gharib A
- Ghazy Aa
- Gheith A
- Ghetia M
- Ghetia M
- Ghonaim Ma
- Ghoneem M
- Ghoneim O
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- Giardino Fr
- Giavarini L
- Giglio Mc
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- Giuliani S
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- Giuriato Tf
- Gkiokas G
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- Glynn M
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- Gohar Meam
- Gokani S
- Goldin E
- Golding D
- Gomaa A
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- Gonzalez Sc
- Goodstein M
- Gosling S
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- Gouldthorpe C
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- Graffieille V
- Gran M
- Grandinetti Pp
- Grant A
- Grasset E
- Grasset E
- Grassi V
- Gratton R
- Gravante G
- Gravante G
- Gray D
- Grech N
- Green N
- Grella Mg
- Gribauskaite J
- Griffiths E
- Griffiths E
- Griffiths M
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- Grisin E
- Grizhja B
- Grobler Dc
- Grosos C
- Grossart C
- Guasti Bpsj
- Gudal A
- Gudal A
- Gudal A
- Gudlaugsdottir K
- Guevara R
- Guglielmo V
- Gui D
- Gulbinas A
- Gulcicek Ob
- Gulielmi A
- Gultom Pa
- Gumar M
- Gunaseelan K
- Gunawan R
- Guner A
- Gunnarsson U
- Guo W
- Gupta A
- Gustafsson U
- Gyamfi Fe
- Gyanchandani N
- Gyedu A
- Habeeb Ma
- Habeeb O
- Habeebullah A
- Hache-Marliere M
- Haddad N
- Hafez At
- Hafez M
- Hafez M
- Hafez S
- Haffreingue A
- Hafiz S
- Hagan R
- Hagar A
- Haines M
- Haines S
- Hajeh H
- Hakim H
- Halhouli O
- Halhouli O
- Halicioglu I
- Hall E
- Hall N
- Hall Nj
- Hall Tf
- Hallam S
- Haloho A
- Hamad Mgm
- Hamaguchi Jlh
- Hamarshi A
- Hamasaki J
- Hamdan A
- Hamdan M
- Hamed Mf
- Hamill D
- Hammad A
- Hammad A
- Hammad Am
- Hampton M
- Hampton Mi
- Hamsho W
- Hanafy M
- Hand C
- Hanks A
- Hanley I
- Hanoun S
- Hanrahan M
- Hanrahan M
- Hanrahan M
- Hanrahan M
- Hantour U
- Hantour U
- Hany E
- Haque M
- Har Pa
- Haraux E
- Harbord P
- Haroun A
- Harper E
- Harrison Em
- Harrison Em
- Harrison N
- Harrison P
- Harrison R
- Hartford L
- Harvey N
- Hasan A
- Hasan A
- Hasan D
- Hasanah A
- Hasanain D
- Hascoet J
- Hashad E
- Hasheminia A
- Hashim A
- Hashish A
- Hashish M
- Haslegrave A
- Hasnan Mb
- Hassaan A
- Hassaan A
- Hassan A
- Hassan A
- Hassan A
- Hassan Ata
- Hassan I
- Hassan M
- Hassan Omm
- Hassan S
- Hassan Z
- Hassanain M
- Hassanain M
- Hassanein Ab
- Havemann I
- Hawkins W
- Heard R
- Heath J
- Heffernan D
- Hegazy Em
- Hegazy Y
- Helene Fc
- Helguero-Santin Lm
- Hemeda D
- Hemingway D
- Hemmila M
- Hemmila M
- Henderson L
- Henderson L
- Heng He
- Henric N
- Henry F
- Henshall De
- Herebat A
- Herikstad R
- Herrera N
- Herrera-Matta J
- Herrod P
- Hervieux E
- Hervieux E
- Hesham O
- Hettiarachchi Ts
- Hewage K
- Heywood Eg
- Highcock S
- Hilal K
- Hinojosa C
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- Hmila S
- Ho A
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- Ho W
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- Hodonou F
- Hogea M
- Holte S
- Holton P
- Homeida A
- Hoogakker E
- Horobjowsky A
- Hosein Sp
- Hosh M
- Hossaini S
- Hossameldin A
- Houlden C
- Howells L
- Howie Ee
- Hrora A
- Huaman E
- Huaraya Rc
- Humm G
- Hunter K
- Hussain M
- Hussein A
- Hussein S
- Husseini M
- Husseiny R
- Hutch W
- Huwait A
- Iş
- Iacono C
- Iannone I
- Ibraheem Aa
- Ibraheem Hi
- Ibrahem Aa
- Ibrahem Aa
- Ibrahim A
- Ibrahim A
- Ibrahim A
- Ibrahim Am
- Ibrahim E
- Ibrahim Em
- Ibrahim I
- Ibrahim K
- Ibrahim M
- Ibrahim Mh
- Ibrahim Y
- Idress T
- Idris F
- Idris Sai
- Iftekhar F
- Iftikhar Z
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- Ignatavicius P
- Ihediwa G
- Imoro O
- Ingabire Jca
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- Ioannidis O
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- Karabelias G
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- Kotobi H
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- Law Jh
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- Lawther R
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- Leal A
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- Lee C
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- Leone N
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- Leusink A
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- Loaloa Mr
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- Macchitella Y
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- Monteleone M
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- Msiska N
- Msosa V
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- Napolitano L
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- Nsengimana Vjp
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- Stefanopoulos A
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- Tansoker I
- Tarek A
- Tarek A
- Tarek D
- Targa S
- Tariq S
- Tata Md
- Tatagiba Ls
- Tawfik Ba
- Tawfik G
- Tawfik G
- Taylor F
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Tedeschi U
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- Temoche E
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- Yeung Mha
- Yifieyeh A
- Yildirim R
- Yip C
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- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 27/11/2018
- Field of study
Background
End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection.
Methods
This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model.
Results
In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001).
Conclusion
Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone
The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance
- Author
- Aanniz Tarek
- Abar Aden Elmi
- Abbad Anass
- Abdelfattah May
- Abdelhamid W.
- Abdella Saro
- Abdellah Faouzi
- Abdelmjid El Oualid
- Abdelmoula Fatma
- Abdelmoulah F.
- Abderrahmane Maaroufi
- Abderrazak Rfaki
- Abdillahi Idil Salah
- Abdissa Alemseged
- Abdo I.
- Abdoelraheem Mohamed Hassan
- Abe Haruka
- Abebe Markos
- Abechi Priscilla
- Abera Adugna
- Abi Rachid
- Abias Abe G.
- Abichu Getachew
- Abid N.
- Abid Nabil
- Abid Salma
- Abilio Nuro
- Abimbola Sharon
- Abo Shama Noura M
- Abosede O.
- Aboubaker Mohamed Houmed
- Abouelhoda Mohamed
- Abouelnaga S.
- Abualas Elamin
- Abubeker Ramalia Chabi
- Abuelenein Ehab Abdelkader
- Abuzaid Nadir
- Abworo Edward O.
- Ada Diosdado Odjama Nseng
- Addidle Michael
- Adegbola Richard
- Adegnika Akim A.
- Adegnika Ayola Akim
- Adel Abd Monaem
- Adeniji Johnson A.
- Adepetun Tomiwa
- Adesegun A.
- Adesuyi Omoare
- Adetifa Ifedayo M. O.
- Adewumi Olubusuyi M.
- Adewumi Oluwatimilehin
- Adewumi Praise
- Adeyemi Kayode T.
- Adhikari Bishwo N.
- Adil El Hamouchi
- Adjiratou Aissatou B. A.
- Adnew Bethlehem
- Adu Bright
- Adu Eric
- Adusei-Poku Mildred
- Agbenyo Seyram Bless
- Agbodzi B.
- Ageez A.M.
- Agoti Charles N.
- Aguenaou Hassan
- Agwa Sara Hassan
- Agweyu Ambrose
- Ahmed El Bara
- Ahmed Elhadi A.
- Ahmed Hatem
- Ahmed M.
- Ahmed O. S.
- Ahmed Rahma
- Ahmed Shymaa S.
- Ahmed Side Mohamed
- Ahmed Yahaya Ali
- Ahouidi Ambroise
- Ahuka-Mundeke Steve
- Ahumibe Anthony
- Ahyong Vida
- Aissam El Aliani
- Ajayi Nnennaya A.
- Ajibaye Solomon
- Ajili F.
- Ajogbasile F.V.
- Ajogbasile Fehintola V.
- Akanbi Olusola Anuoluwapo
- Akenji Blaise MBoringong
- Akhoud Youssef
- Akinola Monilade
- Akogbeto Petas
- Akoua-Koffi Chantal G.
- Akpede George O.
- Al Onifade Fattah
- Alain Etoundi Mballa
- Alaoui Afaf
- Alaoui-Amine Sanaa
- Alarif Ahlam
- Alaruusi A. M.
- Albert Mélanie
- AlEmam Adba Alfatih
- Alemayehu Dawit Hailu
- Alemu Fekadu
- Algheriani Raiva
- Ali Abraham
- Ali M.A.
- Ali Mohamed Ahmed
- Ali Mushal
- Ali Wael
- Alkarim Mona O.A.
- Allam Loubna
- Allam Mushal
- Allam Mushal
- Altamura Settimia
- Amar Narjis
- Amenga-Etego Lucas N.
- Amer K. E.
- Amer Khaled
- Amira Souissi
- Amoako Daniel G.
- Amoo Olufemi Samuel
- Amoth Patrick
- Amougou Marie
- Ampofo William K.
- Amuri Adrienne A.
- Amuzu Dominic S. Y.
- Amzazi Saaïd
- Anang Abraham Kwabena
- Anas Abbad
- Andeko Julia C.
- Andersen Kristian
- Andersson Hana Sofia
- Andika Brian
- Andres Moreira-Soto
- Andriam Soa Fy
- Andriamandimby Soa Fy
- Anga Latifa
- Ange Dossou
- Angelov Angel
- Anna-Lena Sander
- Annajr B.
- Anoh Etilé A.
- Anscombe Catherine
- Antwerpen Markus H.
- Anu Campbell
- Anyaneji Ugochukwu J.
- Anyika Chinyere
- Aouni M.
- Appiah Vincent
- Appiah-Kubi Joyce
- Arena Fabio
- Arjaquah Augustina
- Arjarquah A.
- Armand Edang-Minko
- Armanious Riad Mounir
- Armoo Samuel
- Arnaldo Paulo
- Arnold Catherine E.
- Arrouchi Housna
- Artesi Maria
- Aryeetey Sherihane
- Asamoah Jesse Addo
- Asante Ivy A.
- Asare K.M.
- Ashton Philip
- Ashton Phillip
- Asiedu Ernest
- Asiedu-Bekoe Franklyn Egbe
- Asiimwe Stephen
- Askander Omar
- Asmamaw Kominist
- Assane Hamadi
- Assoumou Samira Zoa
- Atiga N.
- Attiku Keren Okyerebea
- Audu Rosemary A.
- Auld A.
- Awandare Gordon A.
- Awinda George
- Awunyo Sena
- Ayansola Oyeronke
- Ayei James
- Ayekaba Mitoha Ondo’o
- Ayivor-Djanie Reuben
- Aymane Bouzidi
- Ayo-Ale B.
- Ayoade F.
- Ayoola Joy
- Ayouba Ahidjo
- Aziz Ramy Karam
- Aziza Amuri
- Azman Andrew
- Aïssi Melchior A. Joël
- Ba-Diallo Awa
- Babatunde Sunday
- Baboo S. B.
- Badjo Ange
- Badou Yvette
- Bagaya Bernard Ssentalo
- Bah Mamadou Saliou
- Bahadoor B. S.
- Bahnassy A.A.
- Bajjou Tahar
- Baker David
- Baker Noah
- Bakhash Shah Mohamed
- Bakry U.
- Balde Aladje
- Balde Aladje
- Balm Michelle
- Bamourou Diané
- Banda R.
- Bane S.
- Barasa Edwine
- Barbet Marion
- Bareng Ontlametse T.
- Barilar Ivan
- Barkat Amina
- Barnes Kayla
- Barreh Guedi Ali
- Bashein Abdulla
- Bassène Hubert
- Batchi-Bouyou Armel L.
- Batchi-Bouyou Armel L.
- Bates Matthew
- Batra Dhwani
- Batra R.
- Bauer Peter
- Baxter Cheryl
- Bayih Abebe Genetu
- Bbosa Nicholas
- Bedford Trevor
- Bediako Yaw
- Bedié
- Bedri Shahinaz.A.
- Behillil Sylvie
- Bejon Philip
- Belarbi Essia
- Belfquih Bouchra
- Belkhir A.B.
- Bellefquih Abdelkrim Meziane
- Beloufa Mohamed Amine
- Belournou Grace Angong
- Ben Alaya Nissaf
- Ben Ayed I.
- Ben Boubaker Ilhem Boutiba
- Ben Boubaker Ilhem Boutiba
- Ben Kahla Alia
- Ben Khelil Jalila
- Ben Moussa Mohamed
- Ben Othman Roua
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Ben Sassi Manel
- Ben Sassi Mouna
- Benaissa Elmostafa
- Benhida Rachid
- Benkeroum Samira
- Benkirane Hasnae
- Bennett Andrew J.
- Benrahma Houda
- Bensaid M.
- Bensalem Aicha
- Benyahia Amel
- Bestehorn-Willmann Malena S.
- Bester Phillip A.
- Beyene Getachew Tesfaye
- Bhiman Jinal N.
- Bighignoli B.
- Bikangui Rodrigue
- Bimouhen Abderrahmane
- Bingono Sam O'neilla Oye
- Biscornet Leon
- Bishop-Lilly Kimberly A.
- Bitew Molalegne
- Bitrou S.M.
- Bizard Méline
- Bióté Simão Tchuda
- Blackmore Timothy
- Blakiston Matt
- Bloomfield Max
- Bnouyahia Ikram
- Boatemaa Linda
- Bolajoko Bankole
- Bonney Evelyn Y.
- Bonney Joseph H. K.
- Bonney Kofi
- Bontems Sébastien
- Bootsma Sacha
- Borrmann Steffen
- Boter Marjan
- Boujemla Bouchra
- Bours Vincent
- Boussoukou Ismael Pierrick Mikelet
- Bouzid Amal
- Bouzid Jawad
- Bracchitta Fiorenza
- Brechar Ludivine
- Bridges Daniel J.
- Briese Thomas
- Brisebarre Angela
- Brook Cara
- Bssaibis Fatna
- Budiaki Sylvie L.
- BUHARI Mikhail Olayinka
- Bulimo Wallace D
- Bunga Sudhir
- Butel Christelle
- Butera Yvan
- Bwogi Josephine
- Camara Alimou
- Camara Makhtar
- Campbell Allan
- Campbell Julian
- Cancino Irving
- Candé Adul
- Capel Camille
- Carey Omondi Francis
- Carniel Elisabeth
- Carr Rosina A. A.
- Carri Valeria Delli
- Carvalho Kevin S.
- Cassama Faatu
- Cedola Donatella
- Cer Regina Z.
- Chabert-Consen Marie Madeleine
- Chabuka L. B.
- Chabuka Lucious
- Chambaro H.
- Chammam Sara
- Chamman Sarra
- Chanda D.
- Changula K.
- Charlene Sonal P.
- Chawech H.
- Chenaoui Mohamed
- Chenwi Collins
- Chestakova Irina
- Chgouri Fatima
- Chilufya C.
- Chilufya Moses
- Chimedza Jasper
- Chinedu Ugwu
- Chipimo P.J.
- Chitanga S.
- Chitechi Esther
- Chitenje M.
- Chiwaula M. J.
- Choga Wonderful T.
- Chouati Taha
- Chouikha Anissa
- Christoffels Alan
- Chtourou A.
- Chukwu Chimaobi
- Chukwu G.
- Cigolo Jean-Claude Makangara
- Cisse Barada
- Clarisse Murebwayire
- Colson Philippe
- Comas Iñaki
- Combe Patrice
- Corman Victor Max
- Cortes Carlos
- Cotten Matthew
- Crawford M.
- Crespin Xavier
- Cá Milanca Agostinho
- D'Amore N.
- D'Aprile Annamaria
- Dadi Hailu
- Daghfous Riadh
- Dagnran Anoumou
- Dakka Hanae
- Dal Monego Simeone
- Damaris Matoke-Muhia
- Damena D.
- Damilari Dabiri
- Daniels Rodney S.
- Dao Sounkalo
- Daou Amadou
- Dara Antoine
- Daubenberger Claudia
- David Kumbelembe
- Davids Micheala
- Davies Mary-Ann
- Dawood R.M.
- Dawood Reham
- de Laurent Zaydah R.
- de Ligt Joep
- De Nittis Rosella
- de Oliveira Filho Edmilson F.
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Oliveira Tulio
- De Sanctis R.
- de Silva Thushan I
- DeAlmeida Mary
- Debela Alemu Tike
- Delaney Kayla
- Delaporte Eric
- Delerce Jeremy
- Dellagi Koussay
- Deng Guohong
- Deng Lul Lojok
- DeRisi Joseph L.
- Derrar Fawzi
- Descheemaeker Patrick
- Deschenes Michael V.
- Desta Adey Feleke
- Detweiler Angela M.
- Devatchagni Syntyche
- Devaux Christian A.
- Dhaala Beatrice
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- Dia Ndongo
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- Diab A.
- Diagne Diabou
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- Diallo Amadou
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- Diarra B.
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- Diaw Papa Alassane
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- Dieng Alle Baba
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- Diop Mamadou
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- Djingarey Mamoudou Harouna
- Djomsi Dowbiss Meta
- Djontu Jean Claude
- Dobi Paul
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- Dratibi Fred A.
- Drinkovic Dragana
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- El Hady Yassine
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- Embaló Bubacar Delgado Pinto
- Emna Gaies
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- Engelbrecht Susan
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- Enouf Vincent
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- Fekkak Jamal
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- Gerard Izuwayo
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- Jain Komal
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- Jalal Nourlil
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- Lako Richard Lino Loro
- Lalemi Mary
- Lambisia Arnold W.
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- Yadouleton Anges
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- Zaher Tarek Refaat Elnagdy Raafat
- Zahra El Ansari Fatima
- Zahran Manal Hamdy
- Zekri Abdel-Rahman N.
- Zhang J.
- Zhou Pei
- Zinyowera Sekesai
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- Zongo Arsène
- Zorgani A.
- Zouaki Amal
- Zulu P.
- Zumla Ali
- Zumla Alimuddin
- Zuze Boitumelo
- Publication venue
- 'American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)'
- Publication date
- 07/10/2022
- Field of study
INTRODUCTION
Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic.
RATIONALE
We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs).
RESULTS
Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants.
CONCLUSION
Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century
Mechanical stretch-induced vascular hypertrophy occurs through modulation of leptin synthesis-mediated ROS formation and GATA-4 nuclear translocation
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Frontiers Media SA'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2015
- Field of study
Background: Obesity and hypertension are associated with increased leptin production contributing to cardiovascular remodeling. Mechanisms involving mechanical stretch-induced leptin production and the cross talk between signaling pathways leading to vascular remodeling have not been fully elucidated. Methods and results: Rat portal vein (RPV) organ culture was used to investigate the effect of mechanical stretch on leptin protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Moreover, the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the RhoA/ROCK pathway, actin cytoskeleton dynamics and the transcriptional factor GATA-4 activation in mechanical stretch-induced vascular remodeling were investigated. Stretching the RPV for 1 hour or 24 hours significantly increased leptin protein level and ROS formation in VSMCs, which was prevented by 1 hour pretreatment with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 and the actin cytoskeleton depolymerization agent cytochalasin D. Moreover, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that mechanical stretch or treatment with 3.1 nmol/L leptin for 24 hours significantly increased actin polymerization, as reflected by an increase in the F-actin to G-actin ratio. Increases in blood vessels’ wet weight and [3H]-leucine incorporation following a 24 hour treatment with conditioned media from cultured stretched RPVs indicated RPV hypertrophy. This effect was prevented by 1 hour pretreatment with anti-leptin antibody, indicating leptin’s crucial role in promoting VSMC hypertrophy. As an index of GATA-4 activation, GATA-4 nuclear translocation was assessed by immunohistochemistry method. Pretreating VSMC with leptin for 1 hour significantly activated GATA-4 nuclear translocation, which was potently attenuated by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, Y-27632, and cytochalasin D. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that ROS formation, RhoA/ROCK pathway, and GATA-4 activation play a pivotal role in mechanical stretch-induced leptin synthesis leading to VSMC remodeling