Specific increase of a mitochondrial RNA transcript in chronic ethanol-fed rats

AbstractAn in vitro transcription system utilizing isolated mitochondria has been used to study the effect of chronic ethanol consumption on liver mitochondrial DNA transcription. The results obtained showed an overall increase of RNA synthesis and a dramatic accumulation of a discrete polyadenylated RNA species. This effect is a consequence of the chronic ethanol consumption since these changes do not occur when isolated control mitochondria are incubated in the presence of ethanol

What are microRNAs? Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in osteoporosis

Los micro-ARN (miRs) son pequeñas moléculas de ARN no codificantes que regulan la expresión génica a nivel post-transcripcional. Generalmente actúan sobre la expresión genética mediante el silenciamiento o degradación de los ARNm, y están implicados en la regulación de varios procesos biológicos, como la diferenciación celular, la proliferación, la apoptosis y en el desarrollo embrionario y tisular. Actualmente son un importante foco de interés para el estudio de diversas enfermedades como el cáncer o la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. A nivel del metabolismo óseo, están surgiendo diversos miRs implicados en su regulación, abriendo un campo de investigación importante para identificar nuevos biomarcadores para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad osteoporótica, de su evolución, así como para diseñar nuevas terapias farmacológicas.Micro-RNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Generally, they act on gene expression by silencing or degrading mRNAs, and are involved in regulating various biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and in embryonic and tissue development. They are currently a major focus of interest in the study of various diseases such as cancer or type 2 diabetes mellitus. At level of bone metabolism, various miRs are emerging that are involved in their regulation, opening an important research field to identify new biomarkers for diagnosis of osteoporosis and its development, and to design new drug therapies

Mapping of landslide susceptibility of coastal cliffs : the Mont-Roig del Camp case study

The weathered and fractured conglomerate cliffs of Mont Roig del Camp constitute a rock fall hazard for the surrounding pocket beaches and, therefore, for the population that frequent them, especially over the summer. Landslide susceptibility of the cliff has been assessed using the Rock Engineering System method (RES). The determinant and triggering factors considered in this study include: wave exposure, shoreline variations, cliff height, cliff slope, geotechnical quality of the rocky mass, superficial runoff and cliff orientations favoring landslides. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been employed to facilitate the information analysis and generate new susceptibility maps. The quality of the rock mass and cliff orientation are the most interactive factors for the stability of the cliff. However, shoreline variations and surface runoff are the most dominant factors in the system. Thus, the quality of the rock mass has been determined to be a basic variable in the cliff characterization because of its high dependence on the variations of the remaining factors. The landslide susceptibility map depicts a predominance of surfaces with moderate degrees of susceptibility concentrated mainly in the headlands, where the combined actions of subaerial and marine processes control the weathering and eroding processes. Therefore, the landslide susceptibility assessment based on this methodology has allowed the identification of hazardous areas that should be considered in future management plans

Análisis de la participación de mujeres y jóvenes en la cadena de Valor de miel de apis mellifera en somoto

The study was carried out in the municipality of Somoto, Madriz department, 217 km from Managua, Nicaragua. The objectives were: determine roles, access to resources, decision making, identify social, economic and cultural factors that influence participation, as well as identify elements for the construction of lines of action for the strengthening of the participation of young people (18-30 years old) and women over 30 years old in the honey value chain of Bee. The instrument used was the survey and the interview, the methodological design being ''non-experimental'', with a descriptive-explanatory study of the area, with a mixed qualitative-quantitative method, considering that the sample selected is the total of 33 beekeepers that make up the universe. It was found that 69% of young beekeepers dedicated to the roles and 67% who decide on the activities, and there is no active participation of women in the link of production, however, the average 5% are dedicated to the value chain; young people have the highest percentage of participation in all the study variables. The social factors that do not affect or limit them in the participation of young people is marital status with 75%, young people believe that the best economic factor that does not limit them is policies and programs of government with a percentage of 70% null. In cultural factors, young people do not take religion as a limitation with 95% null. The support organizations are INPRHU.El estudio se realizó en el municipio de Somoto, departamento Madriz a 217 km de Managua, Nicaragua.. Los objetivos fueron: determinar roles, acceso a recursos, toma de decisiones, identificar factores sociales, económicos y culturales que influyen en la participación, así como también e identificar elementos para la construcción de líneas de acción para el fortalecimiento de la participación de jóvenes (18 – 30 años) y mujeres mayores de 30 años en la cadena de valor de miel de abeja. El instrumento utilizado fue la encuesta y la entrevista siendo el diseño metodológico ‘‘no experimental’’, con un estudio descriptivo- explicativo de la zona, con un método mixto cualitativo–cuantitativo, considerando que la muestra seleccionada es el total de 33 apicultores que conforman el universo. Se encontró que el 69% de los jóvenes apicultores se dedican a los roles y el 67 % quienes deciden de las actividades, y no hay intervención activa de mujeres en el eslabón de producción, sin embargo, el 5% promedio se dedican en la cadena de valor; son los jóvenes los que tienen mayor porcentaje de participación en todas las variables de estudio. Los factores sociales que no los afecta o limita en la participación de jóvenes es el estado civil con 75%, los jóvenes opinan que el mejor factor económico que no los limita es políticas y programas de gobierno con un porcentaje del 70% nulo. En los factores culturales los jóvenes no toman como limitante la religión con 95% nulo. Los organismos de apoyo son INPRHU

Talk the talk, walk the walk: Defining Critical Race Theory in research

Over the last decade there has been a noticeable growth in published works citing Critical Race Theory (CRT). This has led to a growth in interest in the UK of practical research projects utilising CRT as their framework. It is clear that research on 'race' is an emerging topic of study. What is less visible is a debate on how CRT is positioned in relation to methodic practice, substantive theory and epistemological underpinnings. The efficacy of categories of data gathering tools, both traditional and non-traditional is a discussion point here to explore the complexities underpinning decisions to advocate a CRT framework. Notwithstanding intersectional issues, a CRT methodology is recognisable by how philosophical, political and ethical questions are established and maintained in relation to racialised problematics. This paper examines these tensions in establishing CRT methodologies and explores some of the essential criteria for researchers to consider in utilising a CRT framework. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

Red Queen Coevolution on Fitness Landscapes

Species do not merely evolve, they also coevolve with other organisms. Coevolution is a major force driving interacting species to continuously evolve ex- ploring their fitness landscapes. Coevolution involves the coupling of species fit- ness landscapes, linking species genetic changes with their inter-specific ecological interactions. Here we first introduce the Red Queen hypothesis of evolution com- menting on some theoretical aspects and empirical evidences. As an introduction to the fitness landscape concept, we review key issues on evolution on simple and rugged fitness landscapes. Then we present key modeling examples of coevolution on different fitness landscapes at different scales, from RNA viruses to complex ecosystems and macroevolution.Comment: 40 pages, 12 figures. To appear in "Recent Advances in the Theory and Application of Fitness Landscapes" (H. Richter and A. Engelbrecht, eds.). Springer Series in Emergence, Complexity, and Computation, 201

Somatic indices and nutritional composition of the roe of the native fish Dormitator latifrons: no aplica

Objective: To evaluate some reproductive aspects of D. latifrons and the nutritional quality of its eggs. Design/methods/approach: Eighty-two fish were randomly collected (August 2021), and their sex, length, weight, somatic indices, Fulton condition index (K), proximate composition, and amino acid and lipid composition (fatty acids) of the gonads were determined. Results: Of the total specimens collected, 62% were females; length and weight values were higher in males, but their gonadosomatic index (GSI) was lower than in females. Somatic indices did not show differences between different weight ranges. In the roe of D. latifrons, the average proximate composition was 24.3% protein and 8.5% lipids. The most abundant essential amino acids were leucine and lysine. Linoleic acid (C18:2n6) was the fatty acid with the highest concentration. Limitations/implications: It is necessary to complement the analysis of the amino acid and fatty acid profile of the roe in wild organisms to relate the changes caused by balanced feed. Findings/conclusions: This study shows that the D. latifrons roe is a good source of amino acids and PUFA. Keywords: proximate composition, fatty acids, essential amino acidsObjective: To evaluate some reproductive aspects of D. latifrons and the nutritional quality of its eggs. Design/methods/approach: Eighty-two fish were randomly collected (August 2021), and their sex, length, weight, somatic indices, Fulton condition index (K), proximate composition, and amino acid and lipid composition (fatty acids) of the gonads were determined. Results: Of the total specimens collected, 62% were females; length and weight values were higher in males, but their gonadosomatic index (GSI) was lower than in females. Somatic indices did not show differences between different weight ranges. In the roe of D. latifrons, the average proximate composition was 24.3% protein and 8.5% lipids. The most abundant essential amino acids were leucine and lysine. Linoleic acid (C18:2n6) was the fatty acid with the highest concentration. Limitations/implications: It is necessary to complement the analysis of the amino acid and fatty acid profile of the roe in wild organisms to relate the changes caused by balanced feed. Findings/conclusions: This study shows that the D. latifrons roe is a good source of amino acids and PUFA

The Future of Psychopharmacological Enhancements: Expectations and Policies

The hopes and fears expressed in the debate on human enhancement are not always based on a realistic assessment of the expected possibilities. Discussions about extreme scenarios may at times obscure the ethical and policy issues that are relevant today. This paper aims to contribute to an adequate and ethically sound societal response to actual current developments. After a brief outline of the ethical debate concerning neuro-enhancement, it describes the current state of the art in psychopharmacological science and current uses of psychopharmacological enhancement, as well as the prospects for the near future. It then identifies ethical issues regarding psychopharmacological enhancements that require attention from policymakers, both on the professional and on the governmental level. These concern enhancement research, the gradual expansion of medical categories, off-label prescription and responsibility of doctors, and accessibility of enhancers on the Internet. It is concluded that further discussion on the advantages and drawbacks of enhancers on a collective social level is still needed

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results